HTTPClient发送http请求

转载自http://blog.csdn.net/rongyongfeikai2/article/details/41659353/

一.单线程

目前，要为另一个项目提供接口，接口是用HTTP URL实现的，最初的想法是另一个项目用JQuery post进行请求。

但是，很可能另一个项目是部署在别的机器上，那么就存在跨域问题，而JQuery的post请求是不允许跨域的。

这时，就只能够用HttpClient包进行请求了，同时由于请求的URL是HTTPS的，为了避免需要证书，所以用一个类继承DefaultHttpClient类，忽略校验过程。

1.写一个SSLClient类，继承至HttpClient

import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
//用于进行Https请求的HttpClient
public class SSLClient extends DefaultHttpClient{
	public SSLClient() throws Exception{
        super();
        SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
                @Override
                public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
                        String authType) throws CertificateException {
                }
                @Override
                public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
                        String authType) throws CertificateException {
                }
                @Override
                public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
                    return null;
                }
        };
        ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);
        SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx,SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
        ClientConnectionManager ccm = this.getConnectionManager();
        SchemeRegistry sr = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();
        sr.register(new Scheme("https", 443, ssf));
    }
}

2.写一个利用HttpClient发送post请求的类

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
/*
 * 利用HttpClient进行post请求的工具类
 */
public class HttpClientUtil {
	public String doPost(String url,Map<String,String> map,String charset){
		HttpClient httpClient = null;
		HttpPost httpPost = null;
		String result = null;
		try{
			httpClient = new SSLClient();
			httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
			//设置参数
			List<NameValuePair> list = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
			Iterator iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();
			while(iterator.hasNext()){
				Entry<String,String> elem = (Entry<String, String>) iterator.next();
				list.add(new BasicNameValuePair(elem.getKey(),elem.getValue()));
			}
			if(list.size() > 0){
				UrlEncodedFormEntity entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(list,charset);
				httpPost.setEntity(entity);
			}
			HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
			if(response != null){
				HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
				if(resEntity != null){
					result = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity,charset);
				}
			}
		}catch(Exception ex){
			ex.printStackTrace();
		}
		return result;
	}
}

3.调用post请求的测试代码

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
//对接口进行测试
public class TestMain {
	private String url = "https://192.168.1.101/";
	private String charset = "utf-8";
	private HttpClientUtil httpClientUtil = null;
	
	public TestMain(){
		httpClientUtil = new HttpClientUtil();
	}
	
	public void test(){
		String httpOrgCreateTest = url + "httpOrg/create";
		Map<String,String> createMap = new HashMap<String,String>();
		createMap.put("authuser","*****");
		createMap.put("authpass","*****");
		createMap.put("orgkey","****");
		createMap.put("orgname","****");
		String httpOrgCreateTestRtn = httpClientUtil.doPost(httpOrgCreateTest,createMap,charset);
		System.out.println("result:"+httpOrgCreateTestRtn);
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args){
		TestMain main = new TestMain();
		main.test();
	}
}

二、多线程

转自：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4851535/http-connection-pooling-using-httpclient

/*
 * ====================================================================
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
 * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
 * distributed with this work for additional information
 * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
 * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
 * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
 * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
 * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
 * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
 * specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 * ====================================================================
 *
 * This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many
 * individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation.  For more
 * information on the Apache Software Foundation, please see
 * <http://www.apache.org/>.
 *
 */
package org.apache.http.examples.client;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.protocol.BasicHttpContext;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * An example that performs GETs from multiple threads.
 *
 */
public class ClientMultiThreadedExecution {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // Create an HttpClient with the ThreadSafeClientConnManager.
        // This connection manager must be used if more than one thread will
        // be using the HttpClient.
        PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager();
        cm.setMaxTotal(100);

        CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
                .setConnectionManager(cm)
                .build();
        try {
            // create an array of URIs to perform GETs on
            String[] urisToGet = {
                "http://hc.apache.org/",
                "http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-core-ga/",
                "http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-ga/",
            };

            // create a thread for each URI
            GetThread[] threads = new GetThread[urisToGet.length];
            for (int i = 0; i < threads.length; i++) {
                HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet(urisToGet[i]);
                threads[i] = new GetThread(httpclient, httpget, i + 1);
            }

            // start the threads
            for (int j = 0; j < threads.length; j++) {
                threads[j].start();
            }

            // join the threads
            for (int j = 0; j < threads.length; j++) {
                threads[j].join();
            }

        } finally {
            httpclient.close();
        }
    }

    /**
     * A thread that performs a GET.
     */
    static class GetThread extends Thread {

        private final CloseableHttpClient httpClient;
        private final HttpContext context;
        private final HttpGet httpget;
        private final int id;

        public GetThread(CloseableHttpClient httpClient, HttpGet httpget, int id) {
            this.httpClient = httpClient;
            this.context = new BasicHttpContext();
            this.httpget = httpget;
            this.id = id;
        }

        /**
         * Executes the GetMethod and prints some status information.
         */
        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                System.out.println(id + " - about to get something from " + httpget.getURI());
                CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(httpget, context);
                try {
                    System.out.println(id + " - get executed");
                    // get the response body as an array of bytes
                    HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
                    if (entity != null) {
                        byte[] bytes = EntityUtils.toByteArray(entity);
                        System.out.println(id + " - " + bytes.length + " bytes read");
                    }
                } finally {
                    response.close();
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                System.out.println(id + " - error: " + e);
            }
        }

    }

}