基于libusb库、uac协议，获取Audio声音数据

android_usbaudio

基于libusb，实现无驱动获取USBAudio

期望实现的功能：

• 通过libusb获取USBAudio数据，无需SELinux声卡权限

部分摄像头无法获取音频问题解决思路：

• 无法获取音频的原因：当前传过去的采样率在设备当前选择的Audio Interface中不存在！
• 描述：我们打开的设备声卡通道它当前自己有一个固定的采样率，主机这边传过去的采样率和设备当前的端点的采样率不匹配，就会导致拿不到音频数据
  • 如：设备当前采样率为32000，主机传过去的采样率为48000，就会导致拿去不到音频数据
• 罗技4K无声音：当前选择bAlternateSetting的Audio Interface中采样率为48000HZ，然而主机传递传递过去想要设置的采样率在当前Audio Interface下不存在；
• RAPOO 4K无声音是因为在当前的Audio Interface下，不存在输入的采样率

获取设备采样率、通道数、bit

• 获取当前libusb_interface_descriptor下的extra
• 解析extra，可获取到当前interface的通道数，采样率等；
• c++ 设置usbAudio采样率，代码如下：

int USBAudio::scan_audio_interface(libusb_device *usbDev) {
    int r = 0;
    r = libusb_get_config_descriptor(usbDev, 0, &uac_config);
    LOGD("scan_audio_interface");
    for (int interface_idx = 0; interface_idx < uac_config->bNumInterfaces; interface_idx++) {
        i_face = &uac_config->interface[interface_idx];
        if (i_face->altsetting->bInterfaceClass != LIBUSB_CLASS_AUDIO/*1*/) {// Audio, Control
            continue;
        }
        LOGD("scan_audio_interface :%d", i_face->num_altsetting);

        for (int i = 0; i < i_face->num_altsetting; ++i) {
            if_desc = &i_face->altsetting[i];

            switch (if_desc->bInterfaceSubClass) {
                case 1:
                    _controlInterface = if_desc->bInterfaceNumber;
                    break;
                case 2:
                    if (if_desc->bNumEndpoints) {

                        auto endpoint = if_desc->endpoint;
                        if ((endpoint->bEndpointAddress & LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN) ==
                            LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN) {
                            LOGD("set _speakerInterface ");
                            //获取 FORMAT_TYPE_I 相关数据
                            set_audio_stream_desc(if_desc);
                            //赋值
                            _speakerInterface = if_desc->bInterfaceNumber;
                            _alternateSetting = if_desc->bAlternateSetting;
                            _speakerEndpoint = endpoint->bEndpointAddress;
                            mMaxPacketSize = endpoint->wMaxPacketSize;
                            LOGD(" _speakerInterface %d _controlInterface %d mMaxPacketSize %d _alternateSetting %d\n",
                                 _speakerInterface,
                                 _controlInterface,
                                 mMaxPacketSize,
                                 _alternateSetting);
                        }
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
    libusb_free_config_descriptor(uac_config);
    return r;
}

• 设置usbAudio采样率，代码如下：

int USBAudio::set_sample_rate_v1(int rate) {
    unsigned char data[3];
    int ret, crate;

    data[0] = (rate & 0xff);
    data[1] = (rate >> 8);
    data[2] = (rate >> 16);


    ret = libusb_control_transfer(uac_devh,
                                  USB_REQ_CS_ENDPOINT_SET,
                                  UAC_SET_CUR,
                                  0x0100,
                                  _speakerEndpoint,
                                  data, sizeof(data), 500);
    if (ret < 0) {
        LOGD("%d:%d: cannot set freq %d to ep %#x\n",
             _speakerInterface, _alternateSetting, rate, _speakerEndpoint);
        return ret;
    }

    ret = libusb_control_transfer(uac_devh,
                                  USB_REQ_CS_ENDPOINT_GET,
                                  UAC_GET_CUR,
                                  0x0100,
                                  _speakerEndpoint,
                                  data, sizeof(data), 500);

    if (ret < 0) {
        LOGD("%d:%d: cannot get freq at ep %#x\n",
             _speakerInterface, _alternateSetting, _speakerEndpoint);
        /* some devices don't support reading */
    }


    crate = data[0] | (data[1] << 8) | (data[2] << 16);
    LOGD("host rate is %d ,device rate is %d\n", rate, crate);
    if (!crate) {
        LOGD("failed to read current rate; disabling the check\n");
        return 0;
    }

    if (crate != rate) {
        LOGD("current rate %d is different from the runtime rate %d\n", crate, rate);
        // runtime->rate = crate;
    }

    return 0;
}

问题记录

记录在开发这个项目时，遇到的问题

1. 使用libusb_control_transfer，报错LIBUSB_ERROR_PIPE()

• 原因是当前传过去的参数错误，如：bmRequestType：（LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_OUT |LIBUSB_REQUEST_TYPE_CLASS | LIBUSB_RECIPIENT_ENDPOINT），wIndex:（EndpointAddress）；并且部分摄像头必须要求设置采样率

2. 如何设置采样率

• UAC协议中，采样率数据长度为3，给libusb_control_transfer长度为3的data中设置

//rate 采样率
data[0] = (rate & 0xff);
data[1] = (rate >> 8);
data[2] = (rate >> 16);

感谢以下相关资料，对我的帮助

• Universal Serial Bus Device Class Definition for Audio Devices 1.0
• UAC规范-USB音频 这是对UAC相关协议部分中文资料
• Android无驱usb音频实现
• Android从USB声卡录制高质量音频-----使用libusb读取USB声卡数据

git地址：

• android_usbaudio

该项目是我个人第一次写c/c++相关代码，有不合理的望大家可以指正，谢谢