【C++杂记】C++父类指针指向子类对象

C++父类指针指向子类对象时，父类析构必须为虚函数

示例1 [1]：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
class Base_J 
{
public:
	Base_J()
	{
		cout << "Base Created" << endl;
	}
	~Base_J()
	{
		cout << "Base Destroyed" << endl;
	}
};
 
class Derived_J : public Base_J
{
public:
	Derived_J()
	{
		cout << "Derived Created" << endl;
	}
	~Derived_J()
	{
		cout << "Derived Destroyed" << endl;
	}
};
 
int main()
{
	Base_J *pB = new Derived_J();
	delete pB;
	pB = NULL;
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

上述代码运行结果：
Base Created
Derived Created
Base Destroyed

可以看到父类对象析构函数没有被执行，这会造成内存泄漏。

解决办法：将基类的析构函数写成虚函数即可，如下，

class Base_J 
{
public:
	Base_J()
	{
		cout << "Base Created" << endl;
	}
	virtual ~Base_J()
	{
		cout << "Base Destroyed" << endl;
	}
};

参考文献

[1] 基类与派生类，父类指针指向子类对象

有空可以看看 C++多态详解