MacOS Flutter 安装教程

最新推荐文章于 2024-06-09 22:07:51 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-06-09 22:07:51 发布

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分类专栏： Flutter 文章标签： flutter

原文链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/f9abb844e9b1

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JasonFive关注

0.0642020.01.03 19:20:48字数 741阅读 381

安装Flutter其实就五个步骤：下载安装包 - 设置Path环境变量 - 执行flutter doctor - 配置Xcode - 下载VS Code并配置

一、下载安装包

下载Flutter SDK
下载SDK有两种方式
方法1: 点击 SDK -> Stable channel (macOS) -> v1.5.4-hotfix.2
方法2: 打开Terminal -> cd 指定目录中 -> 执行 git clone -b stable https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git 命令

   cd /Users/ws/Library/Flutter
   git clone -b stable https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git

下载最新版 Xcode
Appstore -> Xcode
解压并安装
如果使用方法1，解压到指定目录可以用以下方法

  cd /Users/ws/Library/Flutter
  unzip ~/Downloads/flutter_macos_v0.5.1-beta.zip

也可以直接解压然后放入指定目录中

安装目录.jpg

小结：如果使用方法1下载下来的安装包执行flutter doctor时报下面Error中的错误，可以删除安装包，然后使用方法2中重新下载。(这是后面步骤操作，我提前说下，当前步骤不用这个)

二、设置Path变量环境

打开终端Terminal，然后输入

vi ~/.bash_profile

然后输入 i 进入可编辑状态，然后再加入如下代码到文件中然后 Esc : wq 保存

export PUB_HOSTED_URL=https://pub.flutter-io.cn 
export FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL=https://storage.flutter-io.cn 
export PATH=PATH_TO_FLUTTER_GIT_DIRECTORY/flutter/bin:$PATH

a. 确定您Flutter SDK的目录，您将在步骤3中用到。
b. 打开(或创建) $HOME/.bash_profile. 文件路径和文件名可能在您的机器上不同.
c. 添加以下行并更改[PATH_TO_FLUTTER_GIT_DIRECTORY]为克隆Flutter的git repo的路径;
比如我的为 /Users/ws/Library/Flutter则替换为

export PATH=/Users/ws/Library/Flutter/flutter/bin:$PATH
然后执行此命令，生效当前文件

source ~/.bash_profile

如果你是用的是zsh，终端启动时 ~/.bash_profile 将不会被加载，解决办法就是修改 ~/.zshrc ，在其中添加：source ~/.bash_profile

vi ~/.zshrc

然后添加

source ~/.bash_profile

然后保存运行生效

source ~/.zshrc

通过运行flutter/bin命令验证目录是否在已经在PATH中:

echo $PATH

结果为

createsuccess.jpg

三、执行flutter doctor

执行以下命令

flutter doctor

查看是否需要安装其它依赖项来完成安装

Error 报错
在执行 flutter doctor 命令后，报如下错误

Error: The Flutter directory is not a clone of the GitHub project.
       The flutter tool requires Git in order to operate properly;
       to set up Flutter, run the following command:
       git clone -b stable https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git

那么就删除刚才的安装包，然后cd 到你需要安装flutter文件夹的文件中，然后执行以下代码，重新下载

git clone -b stable https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git

漫长的等待...
然后再执行 flutter doctor

wsdeMacBook-Pro:Flutter ws$ flutter doctor
Downloading Dart SDK from Flutter engine 2994f7e1e682039464cb25e31a78b86a3c59b695...
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100  200M  100  200M    0     0   435k      0  0:07:51  0:07:51 --:--:--  288k
Building flutter tool...

  ╔════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
  ║                 Welcome to Flutter! - https://flutter.dev                  ║
  ║                                                                            ║
  ║ The Flutter tool uses Google Analytics to anonymously report feature usage ║
  ║ statistics and basic crash reports. This data is used to help improve      ║
  ║ Flutter tools over time.                                                   ║
  ║                                                                            ║
  ║ Flutter tool analytics are not sent on the very first run. To disable      ║
  ║ reporting, type 'flutter config --no-analytics'. To display the current    ║
  ║ setting, type 'flutter config'. If you opt out of analytics, an opt-out    ║
  ║ event will be sent, and then no further information will be sent by the    ║
  ║ Flutter tool.                                                              ║
  ║                                                                            ║
  ║ By downloading the Flutter SDK, you agree to the Google Terms of Service.  ║
  ║ Note: The Google Privacy Policy describes how data is handled in this      ║
  ║ service.                                                                   ║
  ║                                                                            ║
  ║ Moreover, Flutter includes the Dart SDK, which may send usage metrics and  ║
  ║ crash reports to Google.                                                   ║
  ║                                                                            ║
  ║ Read about data we send with crash reports:                                ║
  ║ https://github.com/flutter/flutter/wiki/Flutter-CLI-crash-reporting        ║
  ║                                                                            ║
  ║ See Google's privacy policy:                                               ║
  ║ https://www.google.com/intl/en/policies/privacy/                           ║
  ╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝


Flutter assets will be downloaded from https://storage.flutter-io.cn. Make sure you trust this
source!
Downloading Material fonts...                                       1.7s
Downloading Gradle Wrapper...                                       0.1s
Downloading android-arm-profile/darwin-x64 tools...                 2.3s
Downloading android-arm-release/darwin-x64 tools...                 3.3s
Downloading android-arm64-profile/darwin-x64 tools...               5.6s
Downloading android-arm64-release/darwin-x64 tools...               4.2s
Downloading android-x64-profile/darwin-x64 tools...                 7.8s
Downloading android-x64-release/darwin-x64 tools...                 2.6s
Downloading package sky_engine...                                   1.0s
Downloading common tools...                                        19.0s
Downloading common tools...                                         8.7s
Downloading darwin-x64 tools...                                    48.2s
Downloading libimobiledevice...                                     0.3s
Downloading usbmuxd...                                              0.2s
Downloading libplist...                                             0.2s
Downloading openssl...                                              1.6s
Downloading ideviceinstaller...                                     0.1s
Downloading ios-deploy...                                           0.2s
Downloading libzip...                                               0.1s
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, v1.12.13+hotfix.5, on Mac OS X 10.14.6 18G103, locale zh-Hans-CN)
[✗] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices
    ✗ Unable to locate Android SDK.
      Install Android Studio from: https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html
      On first launch it will assist you in installing the Android SDK components.
      (or visit https://flutter.dev/setup/#android-setup for detailed instructions).
      If the Android SDK has been installed to a custom location, set ANDROID_HOME to that location.
      You may also want to add it to your PATH environment variable.

[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 11.3)
[!] Android Studio (not installed)
[!] Connected device
    ! No devices available

! Doctor found issues in 3 categories.

然后再执行以下命令查看配置

flutter doctor -v

执行结果

wushuangdeMacBook-Pro:Flutter wushuang$ flutter doctor -v
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, v1.12.13+hotfix.5, on Mac OS X 10.14.6 18G103,
    locale zh-Hans-CN)
    • Flutter version 1.12.13+hotfix.5 at
      /Users/wushuang/Library/Flutter/flutter
    • Framework revision 27321ebbad (4 weeks ago), 2019-12-10 18:15:01 -0800
    • Engine revision 2994f7e1e6
    • Dart version 2.7.0

[✗] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices
    ✗ Unable to locate Android SDK.
      Install Android Studio from:
      https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html
      On first launch it will assist you in installing the Android SDK
      components.
      (or visit https://flutter.dev/setup/#android-setup for detailed
      instructions).
      If the Android SDK has been installed to a custom location, set
      ANDROID_HOME to that location.
      You may also want to add it to your PATH environment variable.


[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 11.3)
    • Xcode at /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer
    • Xcode 11.3, Build version 11C29
    • CocoaPods version 1.8.3

[!] Android Studio (not installed)
    • Android Studio not found; download from
      https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html
      (or visit https://flutter.dev/setup/#android-setup for detailed
      instructions).

[✓] Connected device (1 available)
    • iPhone 11 Pro Max • 5477F382-441E-4FA4-AE1F-D8EB63B5AA3E • ios •
      com.apple.CoreSimulator.SimRuntime.iOS-13-3 (simulator)

! Doctor found issues in 2 categories.

发现其中有“Android toolchain - develop for Android devices”前面有个红色 [x],其实只要保证Xcode 和 Android toolchain 有一个成功就行，当然也可以再下载补全

四、配置Xcode

安装 homebrew（如果已经安装homebrew就跳过）
可以点击homebrew 进去官网查看下载链接，也可以在Terminal 中执行

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

打开Terminal 然后逐条运行这些命令来安装用于将Flutter应用安装到iOS设备的工具

brew update
brew install --HEAD libimobiledevice
brew install ideviceinstaller ios-deploy cocoapods
pod setup

又是经过漫长的下载... 😂
最后结果

wushuangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wushuang$ brew update
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles-portable-ruby/portable-ruby-2.6.3.mavericks.bottle.tar.gz
###########################                                               38.8%^C
wushuangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wushuang$ brew update
fatal: unable to access 'https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/': transfer closed with outstanding read data remaining
Error: Fetching /usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core failed!
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles-portable-ruby/portable-ruby-2.6.3.mavericks.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring portable-ruby-2.6.3.mavericks.bottle.tar.gz
wushuangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wushuang$ brew install --HEAD libimobiledevice
Updating Homebrew...
==> Auto-updated Homebrew!
Updated 1 tap (homebrew/core).
==> Updated Formulae
imagemagick                                                    imagemagick@6                                                  pyenv

==> Installing dependencies for libimobiledevice: gdbm, sqlite, xz, python, libxml2, libplist, libtasn1, libusb and libusbmuxd
==> Installing libimobiledevice dependency: gdbm
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/gdbm-1.18.1.mojave.bottle.1.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring gdbm-1.18.1.mojave.bottle.1.tar.gz
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/gdbm/1.18.1: 20 files, 586.8KB
==> Installing libimobiledevice dependency: sqlite
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/sqlite-3.30.1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/5e/5e6fef2d754e0e4009d502c40ad1846ac46937886b5f3fe89378cb838626d95e?__gda__=exp=1578319393~hmac=290bf0800a72de504fa502a68d003374ed1ba33913b
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring sqlite-3.30.1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
sqlite is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides an older sqlite3.

If you need to have sqlite first in your PATH run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/sqlite/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

For compilers to find sqlite you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include"

For pkg-config to find sqlite you may need to set:
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib/pkgconfig"

==> Summary
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/sqlite/3.30.1: 11 files, 3.9MB
==> Installing libimobiledevice dependency: xz
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/xz-5.2.4.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/01/010667293df282c8bceede3bcd36953dd57c56cef608d09a5b50694ab7d4b96b?__gda__=exp=1578319520~hmac=121c30a68227ba090f2c57d4f2b087be4a7ee84ad72
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring xz-5.2.4.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/xz/5.2.4: 92 files, 1MB
==> Installing libimobiledevice dependency: python
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/python-3.7.6_1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/64/643d627c2b4fc03a3286c397d299284ef8ce2d4a832737e41175f297d4f0862e?__gda__=exp=1578319534~hmac=362369ee5a44602b7266c4c136355eb5cd0e93d0105
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring python-3.7.6_1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.6_1/bin/python3 -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --install-scripts=/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.6_1/bin --install-lib=/usr/local/lib/py
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.6_1/bin/python3 -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --install-scripts=/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.6_1/bin --install-lib=/usr/local/lib/py
==> /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.6_1/bin/python3 -s setup.py --no-user-cfg install --force --verbose --install-scripts=/usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.6_1/bin --install-lib=/usr/local/lib/py
==> Caveats
Python has been installed as
  /usr/local/bin/python3

Unversioned symlinks `python`, `python-config`, `pip` etc. pointing to
`python3`, `python3-config`, `pip3` etc., respectively, have been installed into
  /usr/local/opt/python/libexec/bin

If you need Homebrew's Python 2.7 run
  brew install python@2

You can install Python packages with
  pip3 install <package>
They will install into the site-package directory
  /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages

See: https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-and-Python
==> Summary
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/python/3.7.6_1: 3,977 files, 60.8MB
==> Installing libimobiledevice dependency: libxml2
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/libxml2-2.9.10.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/47/472ed1a73a91c49fd9f39bd8cc4a7472b09c691659b3b9305c9da42ed35e1475?__gda__=exp=1578319613~hmac=eb1560ca42d4386c9a6b50d8389276eda31531de67e
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring libxml2-2.9.10.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
libxml2 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS already provides this software and installing another version in
parallel can cause all kinds of trouble.

If you need to have libxml2 first in your PATH run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/libxml2/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

For compilers to find libxml2 you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/libxml2/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/libxml2/include"

For pkg-config to find libxml2 you may need to set:
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/libxml2/lib/pkgconfig"

==> Summary
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/libxml2/2.9.10: 280 files, 10.5MB
==> Installing libimobiledevice dependency: libplist
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/libplist-2.1.0.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring libplist-2.1.0.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/libplist/2.1.0: 29 files, 357.5KB
==> Installing libimobiledevice dependency: libtasn1
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/libtasn1-4.15.0.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring libtasn1-4.15.0.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/libtasn1/4.15.0: 60 files, 392.9KB
==> Installing libimobiledevice dependency: libusb
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/libusb-1.0.23.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring libusb-1.0.23.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/libusb/1.0.23: 29 files, 524.8KB
==> Installing libimobiledevice dependency: libusbmuxd
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/libusbmuxd-2.0.1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring libusbmuxd-2.0.1.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/libusbmuxd/2.0.1: 14 files, 165.5KB
==> Installing libimobiledevice --HEAD
==> Cloning https://git.libimobiledevice.org/libimobiledevice.git
Cloning into '/Users/wushuang/Library/Caches/Homebrew/libimobiledevice--git'...
==> Checking out branch master
Already on 'master'
Your branch is up to date with 'origin/master'.
==> ./autogen.sh
==> ./configure --disable-silent-rules --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/libimobiledevice/HEAD-297ae43_6 --without-cython --enable-debug-code
==> make install
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/libimobiledevice/HEAD-297ae43_6: 68 files, 1.1MB, built in 4 minutes 2 seconds
==> `brew cleanup` has not been run in 30 days, running now...
Removing: /Users/wushuang/Library/Caches/Homebrew/coreutils--8.31.mojave.bottle.tar.gz... (3.8MB)
Removing: /Users/wushuang/Library/Logs/Homebrew/pkg-config... (64B)
Removing: /Users/wushuang/Library/Logs/Homebrew/libtool... (64B)
Removing: /Users/wushuang/Library/Logs/Homebrew/coreutils... (64B)
Removing: /Users/wushuang/Library/Logs/Homebrew/libksba... (64B)
Removing: /Users/wushuang/Library/Logs/Homebrew/libyaml... (64B)
Removing: /Users/wushuang/Library/Logs/Homebrew/readline... (64B)
Removing: /Users/wushuang/Library/Logs/Homebrew/libgpg-error... (64B)
Removing: /Users/wushuang/Library/Logs/Homebrew/zlib... (64B)
Removing: /Users/wushuang/Library/Logs/Homebrew/autoconf... (64B)
Removing: /Users/wushuang/Library/Logs/Homebrew/openssl@1.1... (64B)
Removing: /Users/wushuang/Library/Logs/Homebrew/automake... (64B)
Pruned 0 symbolic links and 2 directories from /usr/local
==> Caveats
==> sqlite
sqlite is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS provides an older sqlite3.

If you need to have sqlite first in your PATH run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/sqlite/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

For compilers to find sqlite you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/sqlite/include"

For pkg-config to find sqlite you may need to set:
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/sqlite/lib/pkgconfig"

==> python
Python has been installed as
  /usr/local/bin/python3

Unversioned symlinks `python`, `python-config`, `pip` etc. pointing to
`python3`, `python3-config`, `pip3` etc., respectively, have been installed into
  /usr/local/opt/python/libexec/bin

If you need Homebrew's Python 2.7 run
  brew install python@2

You can install Python packages with
  pip3 install <package>
They will install into the site-package directory
  /usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages

See: https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-and-Python
==> libxml2
libxml2 is keg-only, which means it was not symlinked into /usr/local,
because macOS already provides this software and installing another version in
parallel can cause all kinds of trouble.

If you need to have libxml2 first in your PATH run:
  echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/opt/libxml2/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bash_profile

For compilers to find libxml2 you may need to set:
  export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/libxml2/lib"
  export CPPFLAGS="-I/usr/local/opt/libxml2/include"

For pkg-config to find libxml2 you may need to set:
  export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/libxml2/lib/pkgconfig"

wushuangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wushuang$ brew install ideviceinstaller ios-deploy cocoapods
==> Installing dependencies for ideviceinstaller: libzip
==> Installing ideviceinstaller dependency: libzip
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/libzip-1.5.2.mojave.bottle.1.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring libzip-1.5.2.mojave.bottle.1.tar.gz
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/libzip/1.5.2: 134 files, 579.5KB
==> Installing ideviceinstaller
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/ideviceinstaller-1.1.0_4.mojave.bottle.1.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring ideviceinstaller-1.1.0_4.mojave.bottle.1.tar.gz
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/ideviceinstaller/1.1.0_4: 8 files, 60.5KB
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/ios-deploy-1.10.0.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring ios-deploy-1.10.0.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/ios-deploy/1.10.0: 7 files, 236.9KB
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/cocoapods-1.8.4.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/d4/d43db56c6e712b2ea5349d1fd02cb60678d7becc2672921132408498aa20adc2?__gda__=exp=1578320187~hmac=b282968772b93ce2dabe64c9ad9d32e9a8bc59837e3
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring cocoapods-1.8.4.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
Error: The `brew link` step did not complete successfully
The formula built, but is not symlinked into /usr/local
Could not symlink bin/pod
Target /usr/local/bin/pod
already exists. You may want to remove it:
  rm '/usr/local/bin/pod'

To force the link and overwrite all conflicting files:
  brew link --overwrite cocoapods

To list all files that would be deleted:
  brew link --overwrite --dry-run cocoapods

Possible conflicting files are:
/usr/local/bin/pod
/usr/local/bin/xcodeproj
==> Summary
🍺  /usr/local/Cellar/cocoapods/1.8.4: 10,983 files, 18MB
wushuangdeMacBook-Pro:~ wushuang$ pod setup

五、下载VS Code并配置

1、安装 VS Code
2、安装Flutter插件参照安装Flutter插件

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MacOS Flutter 安装教程

JasonFive关注0.0642020.01.03 19:20:48字数 741阅读 381安装Flutter其实就五个步骤：下载安装包 - 设置Path环境变量 - 执行flutter doctor - 配置Xcode - 下载VS Code并配置一、下载安装包下载Flutter SDK 下载SDK有两种方式方法1:点击 SDK-> Stable channel (macOS) ->v1.5.4-hotfix.2 方法2: 打开Terminal -&g...
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