modprobe ip_tables
etworking --->
Networking options --->
Network packet filtering framework (Netfilter) --->
Core Netfilter Configuration --->
Now just set the modules you need for your netfilter box. That's it, I hope now it works to you.
如果执行 iptable -L 出现以下信息,那么就需要重新配置和编译内核:
iptables v1.4.2: can't initialize iptables table `filter': Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?)
Perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgraded.
配置选项:
Networking —->
Networking options —->
[*] Network packet filtering (replaces ipchains) —>
Core Netfilter Configuration —>
<*> Netfilter Xtables support (required for ip_tables)
IP: Netfilter Configuration —>
<*> Connection tracking (required for masq/NAT)
<*> IP tables support (required for filtering/masq/NAT)
<*> IP range match support
<*> Packet filtering
<*> REJECT target support
<*> Full NAT
ip_forward
除此之外,需要在主机上打开 ip 转发以保持连接通道。
查看是否已打开 ip 转发(1 表示打开):
cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
如果未打开,则用以下命令打开:
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
保存设置
以上 iptables 设置和 ip 转发设置在重启系统之后就会消失,因此如果有需要,请将设置保存。
保存 iptables 设置:
/etc/init.d/iptables save
设置系统启动时自动加载 iptables 设置(以 gentoo 为例):
rc-update add iptables default
保存 ip_forward 设置(在 /etc/sysctl.conf 中设置):
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
安全隐患
在打开了 ip_forward 后,一般要同时打开 rp_filter (Reverse Path filter),对数据包的源地址进行检查。
如果在没有打开这个设置,就很容易受到来自内部网的 IP 欺骗。
打开 rp_filter:
for f in /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*/rp_filter ; do echo 1 > $f ; done
保存设置(在 /etc/sysctl.conf 中设置):
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1