python time datetime timestamp之间转换

string
字符串形式表示时间：time.ctime()

datetime
In [15]: datetime.datetime.now() Out[15]:
datetime.datetime(2018, 11, 14, 16, 38, 16, 152438)

time
In [14]: time.localtime()
Out[14]: time.struct_time(tm_year=2018,
tm_mon=11, tm_mday=14, tm_hour=16, tm_min=36, tm_sec=18, tm_wday=2,
tm_yday=318, tm_isdst=0)

timestamp:
自1970年1月1日(00:00:00 GMT)以来的秒数 In [16]: time.time() Out[16]:
1542184899.844029

相互转换方法

string ==================> datetime

datetime.strpftime(format)

datetime.strptime(str, format)
   In [17]: t_str="2018-11-14 16:50"
   
   In [18]: datetime.datetime.strptime(t_str, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
   Out[18]: datetime.datetime(2018, 11, 14, 16, 50)

string ==================> time

time.strptime(str, format)
    In [20]: time.strptime(t_str, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")
    Out[20]: time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=14, tm_hour=16, tm_min=50, tm_sec=0, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=318, tm_isdst=-1)
    ```

string ===================> timestamp

一般不能直接转换，都是通过先转换为datetime或者time后在进一步做转换

datetime =================> string

dt_obj.strftime(format)

    In [21]: t_datetime = datetime.datetime.now()
    
    In [25]: t_datetime.strftime("%Y-%m-%D %H:%M")
    Out[25]: '2018-11-11/14/18 17:00'
    In [26]: type(t_datetime.strftime("%Y-%m-%D %H:%M"))
    Out[26]: str

datetime =================> time

dt_obj.timetuple()

   In [27]: t_datetime.timetuple()
   Out[27]: time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=14, tm_hour=17, tm_min=0, tm_sec=11, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=318, tm_isdst=-1)

datetime ================> timestamp

python3中 新加了一个函数dt_obj.timestamp()，可以直接转换
python2中 datetime ----timetuple()----->time_obj --------time.mktime(time_obj) ----->timestamp

time ===================> string

time.strftime(fromat, time_obj)

    In [39]: time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M", t_obj)
    Out[39]: '2018-11-14 17:21'

time ===================> datetime

datetime.datetime(*t_obj[0:6])

    In [42]: datetime.datetime(*t_obj[0:6])
    Out[42]: datetime.datetime(2018, 11, 14, 17, 21, 39)

time ====================> timestamp

time.mktime(t_obj)

    In [43]: time.mktime(t_obj)
    Out[43]: 1542187299.0

timestamp ================> datetime

datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(ts)

    In [44]: ts = time.mktime(t_obj)
    In [46]: datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(ts)
    Out[46]: datetime.datetime(2018, 11, 14, 17, 21, 39)

timestamp ================> time

time.localtime(ts)
time.gmtime(ts)

    In [47]: time.localtime(ts)
    Out[47]: time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=14, tm_hour=17, tm_min=21, tm_sec=39, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=318, tm_isdst=0)
    
    In [48]: time.gmtime(ts)
    Out[48]: time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=11, tm_mday=14, tm_hour=9, tm_min=21, tm_sec=39, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=318, tm_isdst=0)

timestamp =================> string

timestamp ------fromtimestamp---------------> datetime ----------------strftime---------------->string
timestamp---------localtime-------------------> time-----------------------strftime------------------>string
timestam-----------gmtime -------------------> time ----------------------strftime------------------>string

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