12.3 摩托车的虚基类

/* (程序头部注释开始)
* 程序的版权和版本声明部分
* Copyright (c) 2011, 烟台大学计算机学院学生
* All rights reserved.
* 文件名称： 第十二周 任务三 
* 作 者： 杨森

* 完成日期： 2012 年 05 月 09 日
* 版 本 号： v.1.0

 

源程序：

 

;">#include <iostream>  
#include<conio.h>   
#include <windows.h>   
using namespace std;  
enum vehicleStaus {rest, running};  //车辆状态：泊车、行进   
class vehicle //车辆类   
{  
protected:  
    int maxSpeed;       //最大车速   
    int currentSpeed;   //当前速度   
    int weight;         //车重   
    vehicleStaus status; //rest-泊车状态；running-行进状态   
public:  
    vehicle(int maxS, int w); //构造函数，初始时，当前速度总为0且处在停车状态   
    void start();  //由rest状态到running, 初速为1   
    void stop(); //由running状态到rest, 当前速度小于5时，才允许停车   
    void speed_up();  //加速，调用1次，速度加1   
    void slow_down(); //减速，调用1次，速度减1，速度为0时，停车   
};  
  
class bicycle :virtual public vehicle//（1）自行车类的虚基类为车辆类   
{   
protected:  
    double height; //车高   
public:  
    bicycle(int maxS=10, int w=50, int h=0.7);   //定义构造函数   
};  
  
class motorcar : virtual public vehicle//（2）机动车类的虚基类也为车辆类   
{   
protected:  
    int seatNum; //座位数   
    int passengerNum; //乘客人数   
public:  
    motorcar(int maxS=150, int w=1500, int s=5, int p=1);   //定义构造函数   
    void addPassenger(int p=1);   //搭载乘客，超员要拒载，有人下车时，p为负数。当然车上乘客至少有1个（司机）。上下车时要保证安全……   
};  
  
class motorcycle: public bicycle,public motorcar //（3）摩托车类的基类为自行车类和机动车类{    
{public:  
    motorcycle(int maxS=90, int w=100, int s=3, int p=1, int h=0.7);   //定义构造函数   
    void show(); //显示摩托车的运行状态   
};  
  
int main( )  
{  
    motorcycle m;  
    bool end=false;  
    while (!end)  
    {  
        cout<<"请操作：1-启动  2-加速  3-减速  4-有人上车  5-有人下车  6-停车 0-结束"<<endl;  
        char keydown= _getch(); //_getch()返回键盘上读取的字符,应包含头文件<conio.h>   
        switch(keydown)  
        {  
        case '1':   
            cout<<"操作(启动)\t"; m.start(); break;  
        case '2':                           
            cout<<"操作(加速)\t"; m.speed_up(); break;  
        case '3':                            
            cout<<"操作(减速)\t"; m.slow_down(); break;  
        case '4':                          
            cout<<"操作(有人上车)\t"; m.addPassenger(); break;  
        case '5':                        
            cout<<"操作(有人下车)\t"; m.addPassenger(-1); break;  
        case '6':                        
            cout<<"操作(停车)\t"; m.stop(); break;  
        case '0':                 
            end=true; break;  
        }  
        m.show();  
        cout<<endl;  
        Sleep(200);  //要包含头文件<windows.h>   
    }  
    system("pause");  
    return 0;  
}  
vehicle::vehicle(int maxS, int w)    
{    
    maxSpeed = maxS;    
    weight = w;    
    currentSpeed = 0;    
    status = rest;    
}    
    
void vehicle::start()    
{    
    if(status == rest)    
    {    
        status = running;    
        currentSpeed = 1;    
    
        cout << "车速为:" << currentSpeed << endl;    
    }    
    else    
    {    
        cout << "车辆已经启动！无需再次启动！" << endl;    
    }    
}    
    
void vehicle::stop()    
{    
    if(currentSpeed < 5)    
    {    
        status = rest;    
        currentSpeed = 0;    
    
        cout << "车速为:" << currentSpeed << endl;    
    }    
    else    
    {    
        cout << "高速行驶！禁止停车！" << endl;    
    }    
}    
    
void vehicle::speed_up()    
{    
    if(currentSpeed < maxSpeed)    
    {    
        ++currentSpeed;    
  
        status = running;    
    
        cout << "车速为:" << currentSpeed << endl;    
    }    
    else    
    {    
        cout << "已经达到最高车速！禁止加速！" << endl;    
    }    
}    
    
void vehicle::slow_down()    
{    
    if(currentSpeed > 0)    
    {    
        --currentSpeed;    
    
        cout << "车速为:" << currentSpeed << endl;    
    
        if(currentSpeed == 0)    
        {    
            status = rest;    
        }    
    }    
    else    
    {    
        cout << "当前车速为0，已停车！禁止减速！" << endl;    
    
        status = rest;    
    }    
}    
    
bicycle::bicycle(int maxS, int w, int h):vehicle(maxS, w)    
{    
    height = h;    
}    
    
motorcar::motorcar(int maxS, int w, int s, int p):vehicle(maxS, w)    
{    
    seatNum = s;    
    passengerNum = p;    
}    
    
void motorcar::addPassenger(int p)   //搭载乘客，超员要拒载，有人下车时，p为负数。当然车上乘客至少有1个（司机）。上下车时要保证安全      
{    
    if(p < 0 && passengerNum > 1 && status == rest)    
    {    
        --passengerNum;    
    
        cout << "当前车内人数：" << passengerNum << endl;    
    }    
    else if(passengerNum >= seatNum && p > 0 && status == rest)    
    {    
        cout << "车辆超载！禁止搭载乘客！" << endl;    
    }    
    else if(passengerNum <= 1 && p < 0 && status == rest)    
    {    
        cout << "已达到最低人数！除司机外无乘客！" << endl;    
    }    
    else if(status == running && p < 0)    
    {    
        cout << "车辆正在行驶！为保证安全，禁止乘客下车！" << endl;    
    }    
    else if(status == running && p > 0)    
    {    
        cout << "车辆正在行驶！为保证安全，禁止搭载乘客！" << endl;    
    }    
    else     
    {    
        ++passengerNum;     
    
        cout << "当前车内人数：" << passengerNum << endl;    
    }    
    
    cout << "车速为:" << currentSpeed << endl;    
}    
    
motorcycle::motorcycle(int maxS, int w, int s, int p, int h):vehicle(maxS, w), bicycle(maxS, w, h), motorcar(maxS, w, s, p){}    
  
void motorcycle::show()    
{    
    cout << "当前车辆状态： ";    
    
    if(status == rest)    
    {    
        cout << "停车" << endl;    
    }    
    else    
    {    
        cout << "行驶" << endl;    
    }    
}

运行结果：

小感：声明虚基类后，基类成员只保留一次