Let's Encrypt 配置泛域名通用证书

申请通配符证书，只能使用 dns验证的方式，下面开始申请

获取certbot 客户端

# 下载 Certbot 客户端
$ wget -c https://dl.eff.org/certbot-auto -P /usr/local/bin/
# 设为可执行权限
$ chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/certbot-auto
$ certbot-auto --version
certbot 0.34.2

开始申请证书 

certbot-auto certonly -d *.example.com --manual --preferred-challenges dns --server https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory 

• certonly，表示安装模式，Certbot 有安装模式和验证模式两种类型的插件。
• -d 为那些主机申请证书，如果是通配符，输入 *.example.com
• --manual 表示手动安装插件，Certbot 有很多插件，不同的插件都可以申请证书，用户可以根据需要自行选择
• --preferred-challenges dns，使用 DNS 方式校验域名所有权
• --server，Let's Encrypt ACME v2 版本使用的服务器不同于 v1 版本，需要显示指定。

 执行完以上命令之后，就是命令行的输出，根据提示输入相应内容：

Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log
Plugins selected: Authenticator manual, Installer None
Enter email address (used for urgent renewal and security notices) (Enter 'c' to
cancel): fate1028@163.com #用于安全以及续约通知的邮箱

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Please read the Terms of Service at
https://letsencrypt.org/documents/LE-SA-v1.2-November-15-2017.pdf. You must
agree in order to register with the ACME server at
https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory
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(A)gree/(C)ancel: A #是否同意相关协议条款

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Would you be willing to share your email address with the Electronic Frontier
Foundation, a founding partner of the Let's Encrypt project and the non-profit
organization that develops Certbot? We'd like to send you email about our work
encrypting the web, EFF news, campaigns, and ways to support digital freedom.
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(Y)es/(N)o: N #是否订阅相关的邮件
Obtaining a new certificate
Performing the following challenges:
dns-01 challenge for example.com

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NOTE: The IP of this machine will be publicly logged as having requested this
certificate. If you're running certbot in manual mode on a machine that is not
your server, please ensure you're okay with that.

Are you OK with your IP being logged?
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(Y)es/(N)o: Y  #询问是否对域名和机器（IP）进行绑定

 

以上确认后继续，以下提示要求配置 DNS TXT 记录，从而校验域名所有权，也就是判断证书申请者是否有域名的所有权。

 

上面输出要求给 _acme-challenge.example.com 配置一条 TXT 记录，在没有确认 TXT 记录生效之前不要回车执行。请自行登录域名管理系统，比如我在namecheap买的域名，以下是我在域名解析里面配置的TXT。

 

然后输入下列命令确认 TXT 记录是否生效：

$ dig  -t txt  _acme-challenge.example.com @8.8.8.8 

; <<>> DiG 9.10.6 <<>> -t txt _acme-challenge.example.com @8.8.8.8
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 20013
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 512
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;_acme-challenge.chat186.com.   IN  TXT

;; ANSWER SECTION:
_acme-challenge.example.com. 1798 IN    TXT "OGWxK87UxvB5iMp2tn-tfnB7r_kICS3oSRHyo0ouwzU"

;; Query time: 258 msec
;; SERVER: 8.8.8.8#53(8.8.8.8)
;; WHEN: Fri May 31 20:33:01 CST 2019
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 112

确认生效后，回车执行，输出如下信息

Waiting for verification...
Cleaning up challenges

IMPORTANT NOTES:
 - Congratulations! Your certificate and chain have been saved at:
   /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem
   Your key file has been saved at:
   /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem
   Your cert will expire on 2019-08-29. To obtain a new or tweaked
   version of this certificate in the future, simply run certbot-auto
   again. To non-interactively renew *all* of your certificates, run
   "certbot-auto renew"
 - Your account credentials have been saved in your Certbot
   configuration directory at /etc/letsencrypt. You should make a
   secure backup of this folder now. This configuration directory will
   also contain certificates and private keys obtained by Certbot so
   making regular backups of this folder is ideal.
 - If you like Certbot, please consider supporting our work by:

   Donating to ISRG / Let's Encrypt:   https://letsencrypt.org/donate
   Donating to EFF:                    https://eff.org/donate-le

此时我们的证书已经申请成功了,证书都保存在如下目录中:

$ tree /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/
/etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/
├── cert.pem -> ../../archive/example/cert1.pem
├── chain.pem -> ../../archive/example.com/chain1.pem
├── fullchain.pem -> ../../archive/example.com/fullchain1.pem
├── privkey.pem -> ../../archive/example.com/privkey1.pem
└── README

 

 

证书续约

上个环节最后一步最重要事项中提示Let’s encrypt 的免费证书默认有效期为 90 天，到期后如果要非交互式续期所有证书,可以执行如下命令：

$ certbot-auto renew



Saving debug log to /var/log/letsencrypt/letsencrypt.log

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Processing /etc/letsencrypt/renewal/example.com.conf
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Cert not yet due for renewal

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The following certs are not due for renewal yet:
  /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/fullchain.pem expires on 2019-08-29 (skipped)
No renewals were attempted.
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