一般情况下,我们用Eclipse开发Android应用,几乎从来没有考虑用命令行来编译,因为Eclipse太强大了以至于Android开发成为了傻瓜。
今天,我决心来尝试一下用ant来编译Android应用,ant编译Android应用其实就是调用多个Android SDK提供的多个编译工具,最后编译打包签名,形成apk文件。
我的开发环境是Windows XP,Java是1.6的,Eclipse是adt自带的那个。下面是用ant来编译Android应用的build.xml的内容。
<project default="main" basedir=".">
<property name="apk-name" value="product" />
<property name="apk-version" value="latest" />
<property name="apk-market" value="dev" />
<property name="basedir" value="." />
<property name="android-jar" value="E:/adt-bundle-windows-x86-20130219/sdk/platforms/android-8/android.jar" />
<!-- <property name="android-jar" value="/usr/lib/android-sdk/platforms/android-10/android.jar" /> -->
<target name="init">
<echo>start initing ... </echo>
<mkdir dir="out" />
<delete>
<fileset dir="out"></fileset>
</delete>
<mkdir dir="gen" />
<delete>
<fileset dir="gen"></fileset>
</delete>
<mkdir dir="bin/classes" />
<delete>
<fileset dir="bin/classes"></fileset>
</delete>
<mkdir dir="build/${apk-version}" />
<echo>finish initing. </echo>
</target>
<target name="main" depends="init">
<echo>generating R.java for project to dir gen (using aapt) ... </echo>
<exec executable="aapt">
<arg value="package" />
<arg value="-m" />
<arg value="-J" />
<arg value="gen" />
<arg value="-M" />
<arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" />
<arg value="-S" />
<arg value="res" />
<arg value="-S" />
<arg value="${basedir}/res" />
<arg value="-I" />
<arg value="${android-jar}" />
<arg value="--auto-add-overlay" />
</exec>
<echo>generating R.java for library to dir gen (using aapt) ... </echo>
<exec executable="aapt">
<arg value="package" />
<arg value="-m" />
<arg value="--non-constant-id" />
<arg value="--auto-add-overlay" />
<arg value="-J" />
<arg value="gen" />
<arg value="-M" />
<arg value="${basedir}/AndroidManifest.xml" />
<arg value="-S" />
<arg value="res" />
<arg value="-S" />
<arg value="${basedir}/res" />
<arg value="-I" />
<arg value="${android-jar}" />
</exec>
<path id="project.libs">
<fileset dir="libs">
<include name="*.jar" />
</fileset>
</path>
<echo>compiling java files to class files (include R.java, library and the third-party jars) ... </echo>
<javac destdir="bin/classes" bootclasspath="${android-jar}">
<src path="${basedir}/src" />
<src path="src" />
<src path="gen" />
<classpath refid="project.libs" />
</javac>
<echo>packaging class files (include the third-party jars) to calsses.dex ... </echo>
<!-- <exec executable="dx"> -->
<exec executable="dx.bat">
<arg value="--dex" />
<arg value="--output=${basedir}/out/classes.dex" />
<arg value="${basedir}/bin/classes" />
<arg value="${basedir}/libs" />
</exec>
<echo>packaging resource (include res, assets, AndroidManifest.xml, etc.) to res.zip ... </echo>
<exec executable="aapt">
<arg value="package" />
<arg value="-f" />
<arg value="-M" />
<arg value="AndroidManifest.xml" />
<arg value="-S" />
<arg value="res" />
<arg value="-S" />
<arg value="${basedir}/res" />
<arg value="-A" />
<arg value="assets" />
<arg value="-I" />
<arg value="${android-jar}" />
<arg value="-F" />
<arg value="out/res.zip" />
<arg value="--auto-add-overlay" />
</exec>
<echo>building unsigned.apk ... </echo>
<!-- <exec executable="apkbuilder"> -->
<exec executable="apkbuilder.bat">
<arg value="${basedir}/out/unsigned.apk" />
<arg value="-u" />
<arg value="-z" />
<arg value="${basedir}/out/res.zip" />
<arg value="-f" />
<arg value="${basedir}/out/classes.dex" />
</exec>
<echo>signing the unsigned apk to final product apk ... </echo>
<exec executable="jarsigner">
<arg value="-keystore" />
<arg value=".keystore" />
<arg value="-storepass" />
<arg value="hello123456" />
<arg value="-keypass" />
<arg value="hello123456" />
<arg value="-signedjar" />
<arg value="${basedir}/build/${apk-version}/${apk-name}_${apk-version}_${apk-market}.apk" />
<arg value="${basedir}/out/unsigned.apk" />
<arg value="zhy" />
</exec>
<echo>done.</echo>
</target>
</project>
上面的build.xml文件在我的机器上测试通过了。注意,我加粗的部分就是要稍作修改的部分,你应该懂的。
要注意的是,在执行之前要用 keytool -genkey -alias yourname 来生成一个密钥。并将.keystore文件复制到目录下,或者指定具体的位置。否则,最后一步不能成功的话,就无法生成在手机上可安装使用的apk文件了。
E:\workspace\Hello8>ant
Buildfile: E:\workspace\Hello8\build.xml
init:
[echo] start initing ...
[mkdir] Created dir: E:\workspace\Hello8\out
[mkdir] Created dir: E:\workspace\Hello8\gen
[mkdir] Created dir: E:\workspace\Hello8\bin\classes
[mkdir] Created dir: E:\workspace\Hello8\build\latest
[echo] finish initing.
main:
[echo] generating R.java for project to dir gen (using aapt) ...
[echo] generating R.java for library to dir gen (using aapt) ...
[echo] compiling java files to class files (include R.java, library and the
third-party jars) ...
[javac] E:\workspace\Hello8\build.xml:76: warning: 'includeantruntime' was n
ot set, defaulting to build.sysclasspath=last; set to false for repeatable build
s
[javac] Compiling 2 source files to E:\workspace\Hello8\bin\classes
[echo] packaging class files (include the third-party jars) to calsses.dex
...
[echo] packaging resource (include res, assets, AndroidManifest.xml, etc.)
to res.zip ...
[echo] building unsigned.apk ...
[exec]
[exec] THIS TOOL IS DEPRECATED. See --help for more information.
[exec]
[echo] signing the unsigned apk to final product apk ...
[exec]
[exec] 警告:
[exec] 签名者证书将在六个月内过期。
[echo] done.
BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 9 seconds
E:\workspace\Hello8>
因为我在用keytool -genkey 的时候没有指定有效期,默认就是六个月。这在实际使用的时候,肯定是要指定时长的,比如10年20年之类的。
之所以,我能够这么快就能成功的使用ant编译android应用,全都是下面这篇文章的功能(不过我修改了一下build.xml才运行通过):
Android学习系列(31)--App自动化之使用Ant编译项目多渠道打包
http://www.cnblogs.com/qianxudetianxia/archive/2012/07/04/2573687.html#commentform
在此,对该文的作者表示感谢和敬意!