python创建和解析xml文件

python中的xml.dom模块使用的就是传统的dom解析api和方法。所以也就不写什么了，主要就是练习敲敲代码，继续熟悉python。本文通过xml.dom.minidom创建一个xml文档，然后再解析出来，用以熟悉相关接口方法的使用。

创建一个xml文档：

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''' Created on 2012-1-10 Create a xml document @author: xiaojay ''' from xml.dom import minidom doc = minidom.Document() doc.appendChild(doc.createComment( "This is a simple xml." )) booklist = doc.createElement( "booklist" ) doc.appendChild(booklist) def addBook(newbook):     book = doc.createElement( "book" )     book.setAttribute( "id" , newbook[ "id" ])         title = doc.createElement( "title" )     title.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(newbook[ "title" ]))     book.appendChild(title)         author = doc.createElement( "author" )     name = doc.createElement( "name" )     firstname = doc.createElement( "firstname" )     firstname.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(newbook[ "firstname" ]))     lastname = doc.createElement( "lastname" )     lastname.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(newbook[ "lastname" ]))     name.appendChild(firstname)     name.appendChild(lastname)     author.appendChild(name)     book.appendChild(author)         pubdate = doc.createElement( "pubdate" )     pubdate.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(newbook[ "pubdate" ]))     book.appendChild(pubdate)         booklist.appendChild(book) addBook({ "id" : "1001" , "title" : "An apple" , "firstname" : "Peter" , "lastname" : "Zhang" , "pubdate" : "2012-1-12" }) addBook({ "id" : "1002" , "title" : "Love" , "firstname" : "Mike" , "lastname" : "Li" , "pubdate" : "2012-1-10" }) addBook({ "id" : "1003" , "title" : "Steve.Jobs" , "firstname" : "Tom" , "lastname" : "Wang" , "pubdate" : "2012-1-19" }) addBook({ "id" : "1004" , "title" : "Harry Potter" , "firstname" : "Peter" , "lastname" : "Chen" , "pubdate" : "2012-11-11" }) f = file ( "book.xml" , "w" ) doc.writexml(f) f.close()

　　通过doc.toprettyxml(indent, newl, encoding)方法可以优雅显示xml文档，但是要避免直接写入文本，否则会给解析带来麻烦，尽量使用自带的writexml方法。

生成的文档内容：

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<!--This is a simple xml.-->
<booklist>
　　<book id="1001">
　　　　<title>
　　　　An apple
　　　　</title>
　　<author>
　　　　<name>
　　　　　　<firstname>
　　　　　　Peter
　　　　　　</firstname>
　　　　　　<lastname>
　　　　　　Zhang
　　　　　　</lastname>
　　　　</name>
　　</author>
　　<pubdate>
　　2012-1-12
　　</pubdate>
　　</book>

.................
</booklist>

解析该xml文档：

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''' Created on 2012-1-10 Scan a xml doc @author: xiaojay ''' from xml.dom import minidom , Node class bookscanner:     def __init__( self ,doc):         for child in doc.childNodes :             if child.nodeType = = Node.ELEMENT_NODE \             and child.tagName = = "book" :                 bookid = child.getAttribute( "id" )                 print "*" * 20                 print "Book id : " , bookid                 self .handle_book(child)                     def handle_book( self ,node):         for child in node.childNodes :             if child.nodeType = = Node.ELEMENT_NODE :                 if child.tagName = = "title" :                     print "Title : " , self .getText(child.firstChild)                 if child.tagName = = "author" :                     self .handle_author(child)                 if child.tagName = = "pubdate" :                     print "Pubdate : " , self .getText(child.firstChild)                 def getText( self ,node):         if node.nodeType = = Node.TEXT_NODE :             return node.nodeValue         else : return ""             def handle_author( self ,node):         author = node.firstChild         for child in author.childNodes:             if child.nodeType = = Node.ELEMENT_NODE:                 if child.tagName = = "firstname" :                     print "Firstname : " , self .getText(child.firstChild)                 if child.tagName = = "lastname" :                     print "Lastname : " , self .getText(child.firstChild)         doc = minidom.parse( "book.xml" ) for child in doc.childNodes :     if child.nodeType = = Node.COMMENT_NODE:         print "Conment : " , child.nodeValue     if child.nodeType = = Node.ELEMENT_NODE:         bookscanner(child)

　　

输出结果：

Conment : This is a simple xml.
********************
Book id : 1001
Title : An apple
Firstname : Peter
Lastname : Zhang
Pubdate : 2012-1-12
********************
Book id : 1002
Title : Love
Firstname : Mike
Lastname : Li
Pubdate : 2012-1-10
********************
Book id : 1003
Title : Steve.Jobs
Firstname : Tom
Lastname : Wang
Pubdate : 2012-1-19
********************
Book id : 1004
Title : Harry Potter
Firstname : Peter
Lastname : Chen
Pubdate : 2012-11-11