策略模式

策略模式属于设计模式中的行为对象模式，主要是定义一系列算法，把每一个算法封装起来
策略模式中分成三种角色：
<wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 抽象策略角色：通常用一个抽象类或者接口来实现，主要是定义这个算法所完成的功能<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 具体策略角色：包装了相关算法和行为<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 环境角色：持有策略类的引用<br>下面我们还是看一个小例子，很多时候看代码更能够懂得其中的意思，不是那么抽象，这个例子要<br>实现的功能是<font color="#ff6600">加减乘除</font><br><br>首先建立抽象策略角色:<font color="#ff6600">Operation.java</font><br><br><font color="#0000ff">package org.kangta.straty;<br><br>public interface Operation {<br><br><wbr><wbr><wbr> public void op(double a,double b);<br>}<br></wbr></wbr></wbr></font><br>再建立具体策略角色：四个<font color="#ff0000">Add.java、Sub.java、Div.java、Multi.java</font><br><br><font color="#000080" size="3">Add.java</font><br><br><font color="#ff0000">package org.kangta.straty;<br><br>public class Add implements Operation {<br><br><wbr><wbr><wbr> public void op(double a, double b) {<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> // TODO Auto-generated method stub<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> double result = a + b;<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> System.out.println(result);<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> }<br><br>}<br></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></font><br><font color="#0000ff">Sub.java</font><br><br><font color="#ff0000">package org.kangta.straty;<br><br>public class Sub implements Operation {<br><br><wbr><wbr><wbr> public void op(double a, double b) {<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> // TODO Auto-generated method stub<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> double result = a - b;<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> System.out.println(result);<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> }<br><br>}</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></font><br><font color="#0000ff"><br>Div.java</font><br><br><font color="#ff0000">package org.kangta.straty;<br><br>public class Div implements Operation {<br><br><wbr><wbr><wbr> public void op(double a, double b) {<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> // TODO Auto-generated method stub<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> if(b != 0)<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> {<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> double result = a / b;<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> System.out.println(result);<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> }<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> else<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> {<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> System.out.println("除0了！");<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> }<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> }<br><br>}</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></font><br><br><font color="#0000ff">Multi.java</font><br><br><font color="#ff0000">package org.kangta.straty;<br><br>public class Multi implements Operation {<br><br><wbr><wbr><wbr> public void op(double a, double b) {<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> // TODO Auto-generated method stub<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> double result = a * b;<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> System.out.println(result);<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> }<br><br>}<br></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></font><br>OK!抽象策略角色和具体策略角色都已经建立成功了，现在来建立环境角色<br><br><font color="#0000ff">Calc.java</font><br><br><font color="#ff0000">package org.kangta.straty;<br><br>public class Calc {<br><br><wbr><wbr><wbr> public final static Add add = new Add();<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> public final static Sub sub = new Sub();<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> public final static Div div = new Div();<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> public final static Multi multi = new Multi();<br>}</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></font><br><br>都建立好了测试一下<br><font color="#0000ff">Test.java<br><br><font color="#ff0000">package org.kangta.straty.test;<br><br>import org.kangta.straty.Calc;<br><br>public class Test {<br><br><wbr><wbr><wbr><br><wbr><wbr><wbr> public static void main(String[] args) {<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> // TODO Auto-generated method stub<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> Calc c = new Calc();<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> c.add.op(11,22);<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> c.sub.op(22,11);<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> c.div.op(33, 11);<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> c.multi.op(33, 33);<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> }<br><br>}<br><br><font color="#000000">测试成功<br><br>点评策略模式：<br><font color="#0000ff">策略模式的优点：</font><br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 提供管理相关算法族的办法<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 提供可替代继承关系的办法<br><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr><wbr> 避免了使用多重条件判断语句<br><font color="#000080"><font color="#0000ff">策略模式的缺点</font>：</font><br><wbr><wbr><wbr> 客户端必须知道所有的策略类，自己去决定使用那一个<br><wbr><wbr><wbr> 造成很策略类</wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></font></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></font></font> </wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr></wbr>