C++万能头文件

Hello，大家好！

又见面了，我们一起来了解一下C++的万能头文件吧

我们在写c++程序时是否遇到过因为没有导入库文件而导致报错，或者多次导入库文件时导致重复导入？这时我们就可以使用万能头文件来解决需要写很多头文件的麻烦

首先，万能头文件是怎么写的可不能写错

#include<bits/stdc++.h>

优点：

封装了c+标准库中几乎所有的头文件，引入之后就可以使用c++ 所有的头文件中的功能；

缺点：

1、并不是所有编译器都支持万能头文件的编译（比如说visual stido)

           2、 限制了程序可移植性

           3、由于在该头文件中包含了c++所有的头文件，在程序编写的过程中，程序中的变量

                 函数可能会和c++标准库中的命名冲突。

所以，在大型项目中尽量不要使用万能头文件！！！

万能头文件在DEV-C++中的定义是这样的（编程初学者都建议看一下）：

// C++ includes used for precompiling -*- C++ -*-

// Copyright (C) 2003-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This file is part of the GNU ISO C++ Library.  This library is free
// software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
// terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
// Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
// any later version.

// This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.

// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.

// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively.  If not, see
// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

/** @file stdc++.h
 *  This is an implementation file for a precompiled header.
 */

// 17.4.1.2 Headers

// C
#ifndef _GLIBCXX_NO_ASSERT
#include <cassert>
#endif
#include <cctype>
#include <cerrno>
#include <cfloat>
#include <ciso646>
#include <climits>
#include <clocale>
#include <cmath>
#include <csetjmp>
#include <csignal>
#include <cstdarg>
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstring>
#include <ctime>
#include <cwchar>
#include <cwctype>

#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
#include <ccomplex>
#include <cfenv>
#include <cinttypes>
#include <cstdalign>
#include <cstdbool>
#include <cstdint>
#include <ctgmath>
#include <cuchar>
#endif

// C++
#include <algorithm>
#include <bitset>
#include <complex>
#include <deque>
#include <exception>
#include <fstream>
#include <functional>
#include <iomanip>
#include <ios>
#include <iosfwd>
#include <iostream>
#include <istream>
#include <iterator>
#include <limits>
#include <list>
#include <locale>
#include <map>
#include <memory>
#include <new>
#include <numeric>
#include <ostream>
#include <queue>
#include <set>
#include <sstream>
#include <stack>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <streambuf>
#include <string>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <utility>
#include <valarray>
#include <vector>

#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
#include <array>
#include <atomic>
#include <chrono>
#include <codecvt>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <forward_list>
#include <future>
#include <initializer_list>
#include <mutex>
#include <random>
#include <ratio>
#include <regex>
#include <scoped_allocator>
#include <system_error>
#include <thread>
#include <tuple>
#include <typeindex>
#include <type_traits>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <unordered_set>
#endif

#if __cplusplus >= 201402L
#include <shared_mutex>
#endif

#if __cplusplus >= 201703L
#include <any>
#include <charconv>
// #include <execution>
#include <filesystem>
#include <optional>
#include <memory_resource>
#include <string_view>
#include <variant>
#endif

#if __cplusplus > 201703L
#include <bit>
#include <compare>
#include <concepts>
#include <numbers>
#include <ranges>
#include <span>
#include <stop_token>
// #include <syncstream>
#include <version>
#endif

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