1.web.xml配置
web.xml内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 对像js,css,gif等静态文件的访问,需要映射到默认的servlet -->
<!-- 这里省去对静态资源url的配置,当然这样的话tomcat控制台就会报警告了,对html的请求、页面中的图片及css效果也是无法访问的 -->
<!-- 配置spring核心servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
<!-- url配置为/,不带文件后缀,会造成其它静态文件(js,css等)不能访问。如配为*.do,则不影响静态文件的访问 -->
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
2.Spring应用上下文配置,
在web.xml中我们配置了
spring的servlet
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
web.xml里有这一段
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
用于开启基于注解的springMVC功能那么我们需要在跟web.xml同一目录下新建一个spring-servlet.xml文件,内容为:
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 启动注解驱动的Spring MVC功能,注册请求url和注解POJO类方法的映射-->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 启动包扫描功能,以便注册带有@Controller、@Service、@repository、@Component等注解的类成为spring的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.mvc.rest" />
<!-- 对模型视图名称的解析,在请求时模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" />
</beans>
3.建包
在com.mvc.rest包下新建一个java类,代码如下:
package com.mvc.rest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class RestConstroller {
public RestConstroller() {
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/login/{user}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ModelAndView myMethod(HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response, @PathVariable("user") String user,
ModelMap modelMap) throws Exception {
modelMap.put("loginUser", user);
return new ModelAndView("/login/hello", modelMap);
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/welcome", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String registPost() {
return "/welcome";
}
}
3.建视图
正如spring-servlet.xml里
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" p:prefix="/WEB-INF/view/" p:suffix=".jsp" />
所配置的视图路径,我们需要在WEB-INF下建立view目录,在view下建立jsp文件;
正如RestConstroller里两个方法的返回语句:
return newModelAndView("/login/hello", modelMap);
和
return"/welcome";
所约定,我们需要在view下建立相应的login目录并在其下建立hello.jsp,在/WEB-INF/view下建立welcome.jsp
hello.jsp内容如下:
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<base href="<%=basePath%>">
<title>My JSP 'hello.jsp' starting page</title>
<meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
<meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
</head>
<body>
你好:<%=request.getAttribute("loginUser") %>,现在时间是<%= new Date() %>
</body>
</html>
welcome.jsp内容随意
打开浏览地址栏输入:http://localhost:8080/springMVCDemo/login/abcd 这里的abcd是自定义的,作为请求参数解析;
输入:http://localhost:8080/springMVCDemo/welcome 则显示你welcome.jsp应该显示的内容。
P.S. springMVCDemo 为项目名
整个过程已经完成,需要注意的有几方面,
1.环境一定要是可用的
2.jar包正确的引入到项目中
3.配置文件要小心修改,不要犯括号不配对类似的低级错误