大家都有在网站发表评论的经历,传统的发表过程无非是:发表->提交页面表单->等待刷新页面,这样在网络比较拥挤的时候,往往需要漫长的等待,今天介绍用PHP+Ajax实现页面无刷新发表评论,希望对初学ajax的PHPer有所帮助。 那么首先,我们需要一个基本的ajax开发框架,文件ajax.js就包含了这个框架,代码如下
有一点ajax基础的通过注释,应该都可以看懂这段代码,我们可以看出,当我们开始发表评论的时候,在一个特定位置先显示:正在发送数据...。接着调用回调函数处理数据。那么请看服务器端的代码:
var
http_request
=
false
;
function send_request(url){ // 初始化,指定处理函数,发送请求的函数
http_request = false ;
// 开始初始化XMLHttpRequest对象
if (window . XMLHttpRequest){ // Mozilla浏览器
http_request = new XMLHttpRequest();
if (http_request . overrideMimeType){ // 设置MIME类别
http_request . overrideMimeType( " text/xml " );
}
}
else if (window . ActiveXObject){ // IE浏览器
try {
http_request = new ActiveXObject( " Msxml2.XMLHttp " );
} catch (e){
try {
http_request = new ActiveXobject( " Microsoft.XMLHttp " );
} catch (e){}
}
}
if ( ! http_request){ // 异常,创建对象实例失败
window . alert( " 创建XMLHttp对象失败! " );
return false ;
}
http_request . onreadystatechange = processrequest;
// 确定发送请求方式,URL,及是否同步执行下段代码
http_request . open( " GET " , url , true );
http_request . send( null );
}
// 处理返回信息的函数
function processrequest(){
if (http_request . readyState == 4 ){ // 判断对象状态
if (http_request . status == 200 ){ // 信息已成功返回,开始处理信息
document . getElementById(reobj) . innerHTML = http_request . responseText;
}
else { // 页面不正常
alert( " 您所请求的页面不正常! " );
}
}
}
function checkfourm(obj){
var f = document . fourm;
var newfourm = f . newfourm . value;
var username = f . username . value;
var id = f . id . value;
if (username == "" ){
document . getElementById(obj) . innerHTML = " <img src=images/false.gif> <font color=red>您必须先登录!</font> " ;
return false ;
}
else if (newfourm == "" ){
document . getElementById(obj) . innerHTML = " <img src=images/false.gif> <font color=red>您还没填写评论内容!</font> " ;
return false ;
}
else {
document . getElementById(obj) . innerHTML = " 正在发送数据... " ;
send_request( ' sendnewfourm.php?username= ' + username + ' &newfourm= ' + newfourm + ' &id= ' + id);
reobj = obj;
}
}
function send_request(url){ // 初始化,指定处理函数,发送请求的函数
http_request = false ;
// 开始初始化XMLHttpRequest对象
if (window . XMLHttpRequest){ // Mozilla浏览器
http_request = new XMLHttpRequest();
if (http_request . overrideMimeType){ // 设置MIME类别
http_request . overrideMimeType( " text/xml " );
}
}
else if (window . ActiveXObject){ // IE浏览器
try {
http_request = new ActiveXObject( " Msxml2.XMLHttp " );
} catch (e){
try {
http_request = new ActiveXobject( " Microsoft.XMLHttp " );
} catch (e){}
}
}
if ( ! http_request){ // 异常,创建对象实例失败
window . alert( " 创建XMLHttp对象失败! " );
return false ;
}
http_request . onreadystatechange = processrequest;
// 确定发送请求方式,URL,及是否同步执行下段代码
http_request . open( " GET " , url , true );
http_request . send( null );
}
// 处理返回信息的函数
function processrequest(){
if (http_request . readyState == 4 ){ // 判断对象状态
if (http_request . status == 200 ){ // 信息已成功返回,开始处理信息
document . getElementById(reobj) . innerHTML = http_request . responseText;
}
else { // 页面不正常
alert( " 您所请求的页面不正常! " );
}
}
}
function checkfourm(obj){
var f = document . fourm;
var newfourm = f . newfourm . value;
var username = f . username . value;
var id = f . id . value;
if (username == "" ){
document . getElementById(obj) . innerHTML = " <img src=images/false.gif> <font color=red>您必须先登录!</font> " ;
return false ;
}
else if (newfourm == "" ){
document . getElementById(obj) . innerHTML = " <img src=images/false.gif> <font color=red>您还没填写评论内容!</font> " ;
return false ;
}
else {
document . getElementById(obj) . innerHTML = " 正在发送数据... " ;
send_request( ' sendnewfourm.php?username= ' + username + ' &newfourm= ' + newfourm + ' &id= ' + id);
reobj = obj;
}
}
<?
php
header ( ' Content-Type:text/html;charset=GB2312 ' ); // 避免输出中文乱码,linux下不需要
$username = trim ( $_GET [ ' username ' ]);
$newfourm = trim ( $_GET [ ' newfourm ' ]);
$id = $_GET [ ' id ' ];
$time = date ( " Y-m-d " );
include ( ' inc/config.inc.php ' );
include ( ' inc/dbclass.php ' );
$db = new db; // 从数据库操作类生成实例
$db -> mysql ( $dbhost , $dbuser , $dbpassword , $dbname ); // 调用连接参数函数
$db -> createcon(); // 调用创建连接函数
$addsql = " insert into cr_fourm values(0,'$newfourm','$username','$time',$id) " ;
$db -> query( $addsql );
echo " <img src=images/pass.gif> <font color=red>评论已成功发表!</font> " ;
// echo $addsql;
$db -> close(); // 关闭数据库连接
?>
header ( ' Content-Type:text/html;charset=GB2312 ' ); // 避免输出中文乱码,linux下不需要
$username = trim ( $_GET [ ' username ' ]);
$newfourm = trim ( $_GET [ ' newfourm ' ]);
$id = $_GET [ ' id ' ];
$time = date ( " Y-m-d " );
include ( ' inc/config.inc.php ' );
include ( ' inc/dbclass.php ' );
$db = new db; // 从数据库操作类生成实例
$db -> mysql ( $dbhost , $dbuser , $dbpassword , $dbname ); // 调用连接参数函数
$db -> createcon(); // 调用创建连接函数
$addsql = " insert into cr_fourm values(0,'$newfourm','$username','$time',$id) " ;
$db -> query( $addsql );
echo " <img src=images/pass.gif> <font color=red>评论已成功发表!</font> " ;
// echo $addsql;
$db -> close(); // 关闭数据库连接
?>
由于jsvascript采用UTF8编码,在windows下采用ajax回送服务器的返回信息就会出现乱码,因此在win下应用开头第一句是非常必要的。中间那段两个包含文件是数据库操作类和数据库配置信息,我个人习惯将基本的数据库操作写成一个类,方便调用。到这里相信大家已经基本明白这个程序的工作原理了,在给出页面的HTML代码:
<
table width
=
"
100%
"
border
=
"
0
"
cellspacing
=
"
0
"
cellpadding
=
"
0
"
>
< tr >
< td align = " center " ><? php echo $rows_p [p_info]; ?></ td >
</ tr >
< tr >
< td align = " center " >< br >< br >< iframe frameborder = " 0 " scrolling = " auto " src = " showfourm.php?picid=<?=$id;?> " style = HEIGHT : 250px;VISIBILITY : inherit;WIDTH : 98 % ;Z - INDEX : 2 ></ iframe >
</ td >
</ tr >
< tr >
< td align = " center " >< br >< br >
< div align = " center " id = " result " ></ div >
< form name = " fourm " >
< table width = " 100% " border = " 0 " cellspacing = " 0 " cellpadding = " 0 " >
< tr >
< td height = " 25 " > 快速发表评论 < span class = " STYLE1 " > (必须先登陆)用户名:
< input name = " username " type = " text " value = " <?=$username?> " readonly >
</ span ></ td >
</ tr >
< tr >
< td height = " 32 " align = " center " valign = " middle " >< textarea name = " newfourm " class = " f " id = " newfourm " ></ textarea ></ td >
</ tr >
< tr >
< td height = " 32 " > < input name = " submit " type = " button " value = " 发表评论 " onClick = " checkfourm('result') " >
< input name = " reset " type = " reset " id = " reset " value = " 重新填写 " >
< input name = " id " type = " hidden " id = " id " value = " <?php echo " $id " ;?> " ></ td >
</ tr >
</ table >
</ form >
</ td >
</ tr >
</ table >
< tr >
< td align = " center " ><? php echo $rows_p [p_info]; ?></ td >
</ tr >
< tr >
< td align = " center " >< br >< br >< iframe frameborder = " 0 " scrolling = " auto " src = " showfourm.php?picid=<?=$id;?> " style = HEIGHT : 250px;VISIBILITY : inherit;WIDTH : 98 % ;Z - INDEX : 2 ></ iframe >
</ td >
</ tr >
< tr >
< td align = " center " >< br >< br >
< div align = " center " id = " result " ></ div >
< form name = " fourm " >
< table width = " 100% " border = " 0 " cellspacing = " 0 " cellpadding = " 0 " >
< tr >
< td height = " 25 " > 快速发表评论 < span class = " STYLE1 " > (必须先登陆)用户名:
< input name = " username " type = " text " value = " <?=$username?> " readonly >
</ span ></ td >
</ tr >
< tr >
< td height = " 32 " align = " center " valign = " middle " >< textarea name = " newfourm " class = " f " id = " newfourm " ></ textarea ></ td >
</ tr >
< tr >
< td height = " 32 " > < input name = " submit " type = " button " value = " 发表评论 " onClick = " checkfourm('result') " >
< input name = " reset " type = " reset " id = " reset " value = " 重新填写 " >
< input name = " id " type = " hidden " id = " id " value = " <?php echo " $id " ;?> " ></ td >
</ tr >
</ table >
</ form >
</ td >
</ tr >
</ table >
这是我网页的一部分,也就是实现这一功能的框架代码,显示评论的页面用IFRAME(隐藏帧)调用,待信息发送完之后,只刷新IFRAME那一块就可以看到自己发的评论,从发送到查看,整个过程都不需要刷新整个页面。好了,最后看看效果图吧!^_^
1.点击“提交”,开始发送数据
2. 数据发送成功
3. 刷新评论列表