使用PostThreadMessage向工作线程发送消息（转载）

转载自：http://www.cnblogs.com/buffer/archive/2009/03/09/1407358.html

 

 

把window线程间传送消息仔细的看了一遍，觉得以前的理解很不深刻。说一说对PostThreadMessage的理解。

PostThreadMessage是一个线程体发送一个消息到指定的线程ID，其原型如下：

 

BOOL PostThreadMessage( DWORD idThread, UINT Msg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam );

 

这个函数既可以发送消息给工作线程，也可以发送给UI线程。接受PostThreadMessage的线程必须已经有了一个message queue，否则调用PostThreadMessage会失败。因为此原因使用GetLastError会得到错误码为1444，这种情况经常出现，解决方法有如下两种： 　

　

1. 调用PostThreadMessage，如果失败，就Sleep一段时间再次调用PostThreadMessage直到调用成功；

 

2. 创建一个Event对象，让PostThreadMessage等待接受的线程创建一个message queue。可以通过调用PeekMessage强制系统创建一个message queue。示例代码如下：

　　假设mainAPP是发送线程,ThreadA是接受线程 /*mainAPP.cpp*/ ……

 

hStartEvent = ::CreateEvent(0,FALSE,FALSE,0); //create thread start event

if(hStartEvent == 0)

{

          printf("create start event failed,errno:%d/n",

          ::GetLastError());

          return 1;

}

 ::WaitForSingleObject(hStartEvent,INFINITE);

CloseHandle(hStartEvent);

if(!PostThreadMessage(threadaID, WM_MESSAGE_A,0,0))

{

          _tprintf(_T("post error! %d/n"), GetLastError());

          return 1;

}

 

…… ThreadA是接受线程 /* ThreadA */

MSG msg;

PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, WM_USER, WM_USER, PM_NOREMOVE);

 if(!SetEvent(hStartEvent))

{

          printf("set event error,%d/n",GetLastError());

          return 1;

}

while(true)

{

          if(GetMessage(&msg, 0,0,0))

          {

                    switch(msg.message)

                    {

                               case WM_MESSAGE_A:

                                         ……

                              break;

                    }

           }

}

}

//PostThreadMessage传递的消息如果要包含信息，要注意在结束的时候释放消息中的信息。在消息中附加信息方法如下 /*构造信息如下*/ char* pInfo = new char[MAX_INFO_SIZE]; //create dynamic msg

sprintf(pInfo,"msg_%d",++count);

PostThreadMessage(nThreadID,MY_MSG,(WPARAM)pInfo,0)//post thread msg

/*解释信息如下*/

 if(GetMessage(&msg,0,0,0)) //get msg from message queue

 {

          switch(msg.message)

          {

                    case MY_MSG:

                              char * pInfo = (char *)msg.wParam;

                              printf("recv %s/n",pInfo);

                              delete[] pInfo; //这里释放了资源 break;

           }

}

 

做了一个简单的消息通信实验，让主线程中等待用户输入，产生不同的消息，并把这些消息post给子线程，子线程根据产生的消息做出不同的反映。这些子线程可以是工作线程也可以是UI线程。

#include

#include

#include

#define MY_MSG WM_USER+100

const int MAX_INFO_SIZE = 20;

 HANDLE hStartEvent; // thread start event

// thread function

unsigned __stdcall fun(void *param)

{

          printf("thread fun start/n");

          MSG msg;

           PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, WM_USER, WM_USER, PM_NOREMOVE);

           if(!SetEvent(hStartEvent)) //set thread start event

           {

                     printf("set start event failed,errno:%d/n",::GetLastError());

                     return 1;

          }

          while(true)

           {

                    if(GetMessage(&msg,0,0,0)) //get msg from message queue

                    {

                              switch(msg.message)

                              {

                                         case MY_MSG:

                                                  char * pInfo = (char *)msg.wParam;

                                                  printf("recv %s/n",pInfo);

                                                  delete[] pInfo;

                                        break;

                              }

                     }

          }

          return 0;

}

 

int main()

{

          HANDLE hThread;

          unsigned nThreadID;

          hStartEvent = ::CreateEvent(0,FALSE,FALSE,0); //create thread start event

          if(hStartEvent == 0)

          {

                    printf("create start event failed,errno:%d/n",::GetLastError());

                    return 1;

          }

          //start thread

          hThread = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex( NULL, 0, &fun, NULL, 0, &nThreadID );

           if(hThread == 0)

          {

                    printf("start thread failed,errno:%d/n",::GetLastError());

                    CloseHandle(hStartEvent);

                    return 1;

           } //wait thread start event to avoid PostThreadMessage return errno:1444

          ::WaitForSingleObject(hStartEvent,INFINITE);

          CloseHandle(hStartEvent);

          int count = 0;

          while(true)

          {

                    char* pInfo = new char[MAX_INFO_SIZE]; //create dynamic msg

                    sprintf(pInfo,"msg_%d",++count);

                    if(!PostThreadMessage(nThreadID,MY_MSG,(WPARAM)pInfo,0))//post thread msg

                    {

                              printf("post message failed,errno:%d/n",::GetLastError());

                              delete[] pInfo;

                    }

                    ::Sleep(1000);

          }

          CloseHandle(hThread);

          return 0;

}