DWR Server Push(服务器推技术) 实现即时聊天功能(WEB)
原文 http://yourgame.iteye.com/blog/199079
当你有QQ消息时,QQ的小图标会晃动,我们甚至还可以设定QQ有消息时,自动弹出来!
这些在C/S模式下很容易实现!如果要在B/S模式如何来实现呢?
我们的肯定会想到在客服端调用ajax在后台不断的查询服务器.看是否有关于自己的消息.如果有则查询返回.这种做法肯定会大量的占用系统的资源!不可取!
现在DWR的反转AJAX功能.允许我们从服务器端来控制客服端.而不需要客户端来请求.服务器可以自动把消息发给指定的客户端!
[img]http://yourgame.iteye.com/upload/picture/pic/16013/4ca7a7b8-4281-3260-a568-235b61d511dd.gif [/img]
我不能把公司的代码贴出来,所以我自己写了一个DEMO,已经实现了对指定用户发送消息的功能,并且即时显示在指定的用户界面上面.当然你可以修改这些,让它弹出来显示,或者像QQ一样在你页面的某个角落让消息的图标闪动:)
下面我做一个简单的说明:
用户的JAVABEAN User.java
- package com.lhq;
- /**
- * 用户类
- *
- * @author 廖瀚卿
- *
- */
- public class User {
- private String userid;
- private String username;
- public String getUserid() {
- return userid;
- }
- public void setUserid(String userid) {
- this.userid = userid;
- }
- public String getUsername() {
- return username;
- }
- public void setUsername(String username) {
- this.username = username;
- }
- public User(String userid, String username) {
- super();
- this.userid = userid;
- this.username = username;
- }
- }
聊天处理类 ChatManager.java
- package com.lhq;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.Collection;
- import java.util.HashSet;
- import java.util.List;
- import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import org.directwebremoting.ScriptSession;
- import org.directwebremoting.ServerContext;
- import org.directwebremoting.ServerContextFactory;
- import org.directwebremoting.WebContextFactory;
- import org.directwebremoting.proxy.dwr.Util;
- /**
- * 处理聊天相关
- *
- * @author 廖瀚卿
- *
- */
- public class ChatManager {
- /** 保存当前在线用户列表 */
- public static List<User> users = new ArrayList<User>();
- /**
- * 更新在线用户列表
- * @param username 待添加到列表的用户名
- * @param flag 是添加用户到列表,还是只获得当前列表
- * @param request
- * @return 用户userid
- */
- public String updateUsersList(String username, boolean flag, HttpServletRequest request) {
- User user = null;
- if (flag) {
- // 这里取会话(HttpSession)的id为用户id
- user = new User(request.getSession().getId(), username);
- //保存用户到列表
- users.add(user);
- //将用户id和页面脚本session绑定
- this.setScriptSessionFlag(user.getUserid());
- }
- //获得DWR上下文
- ServletContext sc = request.getSession().getServletContext();
- ServerContext sctx = ServerContextFactory.get(sc);
- //获得当前浏览 index.jsp 页面的所有脚本session
- Collection sessions = sctx.getScriptSessionsByPage("/chat/index.jsp");
- Util util = new Util(sessions);
- //处理这些页面中的一些元素
- util.removeAllOptions("users");
- util.addOptions("users", users, "username");
- util.removeAllOptions("receiver");
- util.addOptions("receiver", users,"userid","username");
- if(!flag){
- return null;
- }
- return user.getUserid();
- }
- /**
- * 将用户id和页面脚本session绑定
- * @param userid
- */
- public void setScriptSessionFlag(String userid) {
- WebContextFactory.get().getScriptSession().setAttribute("userid", userid);
- }
- /**
- * 根据用户id获得指定用户的页面脚本session
- * @param userid
- * @param request
- * @return
- */
- @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
- public ScriptSession getScriptSession(String userid, HttpServletRequest request) {
- ScriptSession scriptSessions = null;
- Collection<ScriptSession> sessions = new HashSet<ScriptSession>();
- sessions.addAll(ServerContextFactory.get(request.getSession().getServletContext())
- .getScriptSessionsByPage("/chat/index.jsp"));
- for (ScriptSession session : sessions) {
- String xuserid = (String) session.getAttribute("userid");
- if (xuserid != null && xuserid.equals(userid)) {
- scriptSessions = session;
- }
- }
- return scriptSessions;
- }
- /**
- * 发送消息
- * @param sender 发送者
- * @param receiverid 接收者id
- * @param msg 消息内容
- * @param request
- */
- public void send(String sender,String receiverid,String msg,HttpServletRequest request){
- ScriptSession session = this.getScriptSession(receiverid, request);
- Util util = new Util(session);
- util.setStyle("showMessage", "display", "");
- util.setValue("sender", sender);
- util.setValue("msg", msg);
- }
- }
聊天主页面 index.jsp
- <%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="GBK"%>
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>chat</title>
- <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
- <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
- <script type='text/javascript' src='/chat/dwr/interface/ChatManager.js'></script>
- <script type='text/javascript' src='/chat/dwr/engine.js'></script>
- <script type='text/javascript' src='/chat/dwr/util.js'></script>
- <script type="text/javascript" src="/chat/chat.js"></script>
- </head>
- <body>
- <input type="hidden" name="userid" />
- <br>
- 昵称:
- <input type="text" name="username" />
- <input type="button" value="注册" onclick="register(this);" />
- <br />
- <br />
- 我要对
- <select name="receiver" id="receiver" disabled=true" >
- </select>
- 说:
- <input type="text" name="message" id="message" disabled="true" />
- <input type="button" value="发送" id="send" name="send" disabled="true"
- onclick="send();" />
- <br />
- <br />
- 在线用户列表:
- <ul id="users">
- </ul>
- <div id="showMessage" style="display: none">
- <span id="sender"></span>对你说:
- <span id="msg"></span>
- </div>
- </body>
- </html>
JAVASCRIPT 文件 chat.js
- /**
- * 注册帐号
- */
- function register(button) {
- if ($('username').value == "" || $('username').value.length <= 0) {
- alert("请输入昵称");
- return;
- }
- /* 下面是对一些按钮的禁用和激活操作 */
- $('username').disabled = true;
- button.disabled = true;
- $('message').disabled = false;
- $('send').disabled = false;
- $('receiver').disabled = false;
- /* 把我输入的用户名注册到服务器,并获得用户id(这里用session id 代替) */
- ChatManager.updateUsersList($('username').value, true, function(data) {
- if (data != null && data.length > 0) {
- $('userid').value = data; // 注册成功,把userid放到当前页面
- }
- });
- }
- /**
- * 页面初始化
- */
- function init() {
- dwr.engine.setActiveReverseAjax(true); // 激活反转 重要
- ChatManager.updateUsersList(null, false); // 当你打开界面的时候,先获得在线用户列表.
- }
- /**
- * 发送消息
- */
- function send() {
- var sender = dwr.util.getValue('username'); // 获得发送者名字
- var receiver = dwr.util.getValue('receiver'); // 获得接受者id
- var msg = dwr.util.getValue('message'); // 获得消息内容
- ChatManager.send(sender, receiver, msg); // 发送消息
- }
- window.onload = init;//页面加载完毕后执行初始化方法init
配置文件 web.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
- http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- <servlet>
- <servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
- <servlet-class>
- org.directwebremoting.servlet.DwrServlet
- </servlet-class>
- <init-param>
- <description>调试DWR,发布系统时应将其设为false</description>
- <param-name>debug</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <description>使用服务器推技术(反转AJAX)</description>
- <param-name>activeReverseAjaxEnabled</param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>
- initApplicationScopeCreatorsAtStartup
- </param-name>
- <param-value>true</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <init-param>
- <param-name>maxWaitAfterWrite</param-name>
- <param-value>100</param-value>
- </init-param>
- <load-on-startup>4</load-on-startup>
- </servlet>
- <servlet-mapping>
- <servlet-name>dwr-invoker</servlet-name>
- <url-pattern>/dwr/*</url-pattern>
- </servlet-mapping>
- </web-app>
DWR配置文件 dwr.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <!DOCTYPE dwr PUBLIC "-//GetAhead Limited//DTD Direct Web Remoting 2.0//EN" "http://getahead.org/dwr/dwr20.dtd">
- <dwr>
- <allow>
- <convert converter="bean" match="com.lhq.User"/>
- <create creator="new" javascript="ChatManager">
- <param name="class" value="com.lhq.ChatManager"/>
- </create>
- </allow>
- </dwr>