设计模式之命令模式

命令模式：将一个请求封装为一个对象，从而使你可用不同的请求客户进行参数化；对请求排队或记录请求日志，以及支持可撤销的操作。

命令模式就是一个请求接口，将一个操作的对象和对象的执行分割开。互不干涉。较为容易的实现命令的队列，记入日志和请求的撤销和重做等一些操作。

一个简单的命令模式的说明代码：

#include<iostream>

using namespace std;

class Receiver;

class Command 
{
	protected:
		Receiver* receiver;
	public:
		Command(Receiver* receiver)
		{
			this->receiver = receiver;
		}
		virtual void Execute() = 0;
};

class ConcreteCommand : public Command
{
	public:
		ConcreteCommand(Receiver* receiver):Command(receiver){}
		void Execute();
};

class Invoker
{
	private:
		Command* command;
	public:
		void SetCommand(Command* command)
		{
			this->command = command;
		}
		void ExecuteCommand()
		{
			command->Execute();
		}
};

class Receiver
{
	public:
		void Action()
		{
			cout << "请求执行" << endl;
		}
};

void ConcreteCommand::Execute()
{
	receiver->Action();
}

int main()
{
	Receiver* r = new Receiver();
	Command* c = new ConcreteCommand(r);
	Invoker* i = new Invoker();
	
	i->SetCommand(c);
	i->ExecuteCommand();
	return 0;
}

通过阅读《大话设计模式》，增加一个实例的命令模式来详细的解释说明：

 #include <iostream>  
 #include <string>
 #include <list>
 using namespace std;
 
 
 /*烤肉类*/
 class Barbecuer
 {
 public:
     void BakeMutton(){cout<<"Bake mutton"<<endl;}
     void BakeChickenWing(){cout<<"Bake ChickenWing"<<endl;}
 };
 
 /*抽象命令类：是执行具体操作的接口*/
 class Command
 {
 public:
     Command(){}
     Command(Barbecuer *receiver):m_receiver(receiver){}
     virtual void ExecuteCommand() = 0; //执行命令
 protected:
     Barbecuer *m_receiver;
 };
 
 /*烤羊肉串命令*/
 class BakeMuttonCommand:public Command
 {
 public:
     BakeMuttonCommand(Barbecuer *receiver){m_receiver = receiver;}
     void ExecuteCommand(){m_receiver->BakeMutton();}
 };
 
 /*烤鸡翅串命令*/
 class BakeChickenWingCommand:public Command
 {
 public:
     BakeChickenWingCommand(Barbecuer *receiver){m_receiver = receiver;}
     void ExecuteCommand()
     {m_receiver->BakeChickenWing();}
 };
 
 /*服务员类*/
 class Waiter
 {
 public:
     void SetOrder(Command *command);
     void Notify();
 private:
    list<Command *>m_commandList; //这里相当于一个命令对象队列
 };
 
 void Waiter::SetOrder(Command *command)
 {
     m_commandList.push_back(command);
     cout << "增加烤肉命令" << endl;
 }
 
 void Waiter::Notify()
 {
     list<Command*>::iterator i;
     for(i = m_commandList.begin(); i != m_commandList.end(); ++ i)
         (*i)->ExecuteCommand();
 }
 
 int main()  
 {  
     //生成烤肉、服务员、订单对象
     Barbecuer* m_cook = new Barbecuer();
     Command* m_mutton = new BakeMuttonCommand(m_cook);
     Command* m_chickenwing = new BakeChickenWingCommand(m_cook);
     Waiter* m_waiter = new Waiter();
 
     //将订单对象送到命令队列
     m_waiter->SetOrder(m_mutton);
     m_waiter->SetOrder(m_chickenwing);
 
     //服务员通知烤肉具体订单
     m_waiter->Notify();
 
		delete m_cook;
		m_cook = NULL;
		delete m_mutton;
		m_mutton = NULL;
		delete m_chickenwing;
		m_chickenwing = NULL;
		delete m_waiter;
		m_waiter = NULL;
      
     return 0;  
 }