设计模式之职责链模式

职责链模式：使多个对象都有机会处理请求，从而避免请求的发送者和接受者之间的耦合关系，将这个对象连成一条链，并沿着这条链传递该请求，知道有一个对象处理它为止。

优点 ：

•   责任链对象只和自己的后继有耦合关系，与其他的对象没有关系。
• 在职责中，责任链对程序更加灵活。
• 可以动态的增加或删除处理者，也可以改变先后顺序。
• 用户不必考虑处理者的信息。

基本的模型代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

class Handler
{
	public:
		Handler(string name)
		{
			this->name = name;
		}
		void SetSuccessor(Handler* successor)
		{
			this->successor = successor;
		}
		Handler* getSuccessor()
		{
			return successor;
		}
		virtual void HandlerRequest(int request) = 0;
		
	protected:
		Handler* successor;
		string name;
};

class ConcreteHandle1 : public Handler
{
	public:
		ConcreteHandle1(string name):Handler(name){}
		void HandlerRequest(int request)
		{
			if(request >= 0 && request < 10)
				cout << name << "处理请求" << request << endl;
			else if (successor != NULL)
				successor->HandlerRequest(request);
		}
};

class ConcreteHandle2 : public Handler
{
	public:
		ConcreteHandle2(string name):Handler(name){}
		void HandlerRequest(int request)
		{
			if(request >= 10 && request < 20)
				cout << name << "处理请求" << request << endl;
			else if (successor != NULL)
				successor->HandlerRequest(request);
		}
};

class ConcreteHandle3 : public Handler
{
	public:
		ConcreteHandle3(string name):Handler(name){}
		void HandlerRequest(int request)
		{
			if(request >= 20 && request < 30)
				cout << name << "处理请求" << request << endl;
			else if (successor != NULL)
				successor->HandlerRequest(request);
		}
};

int main()
{
	Handler* h1 = new ConcreteHandle1("h1");
	Handler* h2 = new ConcreteHandle2("h2");
	Handler* h3 = new ConcreteHandle3("h3");
	
	h1->SetSuccessor(h2);
	h2->SetSuccessor(h3);
	
	int requests[8] = {2,5,14,22,18,3,27,20};
	
	for(int i = 0;i < 8;i++)
	{
		h1->HandlerRequest(requests[i]);
	}
	
	return 0;
}

    使用list实现职责链模式

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <list>
using namespace std;

//抽象类
class Handler
{
	public:
		virtual void handleRequest(string number) = 0;
		virtual void setNextHandler(Handler* handler) = 0;
};

//具体处理者1
class Jinan : public Handler
{
	public:
		Jinan()
		{
			numberList.push_back("370100199510110021");
			numberList.push_back("370100199510110022");
			numberList.push_back("370100199510110023");
			numberList.push_back("370100199510110024");
		}
		void handleRequest(string number)
		{
			list<string>::iterator it;
			for(it = numberList.begin();it != numberList.end();it++)
			{
				if(*it == number)
				{
					cout << "济南人" << endl;
				}
			}
				if(it == numberList.end())
				{
					//cout << "非济南人" << endl;
					if(NULL != m_Handler)
						m_Handler->handleRequest(number);
				}
		}
		void setNextHandler(Handler* handler)
		{
			m_Handler = handler;
		}
	private:
		Handler* m_Handler;
		list<string> numberList;
};

//具体处理者2
class Qidao : public Handler
{
	public:
		Qidao()
		{
			numberList.push_back("370201199510110021");
			numberList.push_back("370201199510110022");
			numberList.push_back("370201199510110023");
			numberList.push_back("370201199510110024");
		}
		void handleRequest(string number)
		{
			list<string>::iterator it;
			for(it = numberList.begin();it != numberList.end();it++)
			{
				if(*it == number)
				{
					cout << "青岛人" << endl;
				}
				
			}
				if(it == numberList.end())
				{
					//cout << "非青岛人" << endl;
					if(NULL != m_Handler)
						m_Handler->handleRequest(number);
				}
		}
		void setNextHandler(Handler* handler)
		{
			m_Handler = handler;
		}
	private:
		Handler* m_Handler;
		list<string> numberList;
};

//具体处理者3
class Dezhou : public Handler
{
	public:
		Dezhou()
		{
			numberList.push_back("371428199510110021");
			numberList.push_back("371428199510110022");
			numberList.push_back("371428199510110023");
			numberList.push_back("371428199510110024");
		}
		void handleRequest(string number)
		{
			list<string>::iterator it;
			for(it = numberList.begin();it != numberList.end();it++)
			{
				if(*it == number)
				{
					cout << "德州人" << endl;
				}
				
			}
				if(it == numberList.end())
				{
					//cout << "非德州人" << endl;
					if(NULL != m_Handler)
						m_Handler->handleRequest(number);
				}
		}
		void setNextHandler(Handler* handler)
		{
			m_Handler = handler;
		}
	private:
		Handler* m_Handler;
		list<string> numberList;
};

int main()
{
	Handler* jinan = new Jinan();
	Handler* qidao = new Qidao();
	Handler* dezhou = new Dezhou();
	
	jinan->setNextHandler(qidao);
	qidao->setNextHandler(dezhou);
	
	jinan->handleRequest("371428199510110024");
	
	
	return 0;
}