【JavaWeb】common-long包简介

http://www.open-open.com/bbs/view/1318864045468

http://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_2765_14434

这一组API的所有包名都以org.apache.commons.lang开头，共有如下8个包：

org.apache.commons.lang

org.apache.commons.lang.builder

org.apache.commons.lang.enum

org.apache.commons.lang.enums

org.apache.commons.lang.exception

org.apache.commons.lang.math

org.apache.commons.lang.mutable

org.apache.commons.lang.time

其中的lang.enum已不建议使用，替代它的是紧随其后的lang.enums包。 lang包主要是一些可以高度重用的Util类；lang.builder包包含了一组用于产生每个Java类中都常使用到的toString()、 hashCode()、equals()、compareTo()等等方法的构造器；lang.enums包顾名思义用于处理枚 举；lang.exception包用于处理Java标准API中的exception，为1.4之前版本提供Nested Exception功能；lang.math包用于处理数字；lang.mutable用于包装值型变量；lang.time包提供处理日期和时间的功 能。

由于Commons的包和类实在很多，不可能一个一个讲了，在接下来的专题文章中我就只分别过一下lang、lang.builder、lang.math和lang.time这几个包和常见的用法，其他的我们可以在用到时临时参考一下Javadoc。位置就在安装路径的

…\commons-lang-2.1\docs\api\index.html

我们首先来看org.apache.commons.lang包，这个包提供了一些有用的包含static方法的Util类。除了6个Exception类和2个已经deprecated的数字类之外，commons.lang包共包含了17个实用的类：

ArrayUtils – 用于对数组的操作，如添加、查找、删除、子数组、倒序、元素类型转换等；

BitField – 用于操作位元，提供了一些方便而安全的方法；

BooleanUtils – 用于操作和转换boolean或者Boolean及相应的数组；

CharEncoding – 包含了Java环境支持的字符编码，提供是否支持某种编码的判断；

CharRange – 用于设定字符范围并做相应检查；

CharSet – 用于设定一组字符作为范围并做相应检查；

CharSetUtils – 用于操作CharSet；

CharUtils – 用于操作char值和Character对象；

ClassUtils – 用于对Java类的操作，不使用反射；

ObjectUtils – 用于操作Java对象，提供null安全的访问和其他一些功能；

RandomStringUtils – 用于生成随机的字符串；

SerializationUtils – 用于处理对象序列化，提供比一般Java序列化更高级的处理能力；

StringEscapeUtils – 用于正确处理转义字符，产生正确的Java、JavaScript、HTML、XML和SQL代码；

StringUtils – 处理String的核心类，提供了相当多的功能；

SystemUtils – 在java.lang.System基础上提供更方便的访问，如用户路径、Java版本、时区、操作系统等判断；

Validate – 提供验证的操作，有点类似assert断言；

WordUtils – 用于处理单词大小写、换行等。

public class TestLangDemo {

	public void charSetDemo() {
		System.out.println("**CharSetDemo**");
		CharSet charSet = CharSet.getInstance("aeiou");
		String demoStr = "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.";
		int count = 0;
		for (int i = 0, len = demoStr.length(); i < len; i++) {
			if (charSet.contains(demoStr.charAt(i))) {
				count++;
			}
		}
		System.out.println("count: " + count);
	}

	public void charSetUtilsDemo() {
		System.out.println("**CharSetUtilsDemo**");
		System.out.println("计算字符串中包含某字符数.");
		System.out.println(CharSetUtils.count("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.", "aeiou"));

		System.out.println("删除字符串中某字符.");
		System.out.println(CharSetUtils.delete("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.", "aeiou"));

		System.out.println("保留字符串中某字符.");
		System.out.println(CharSetUtils.keep("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.", "aeiou"));

		System.out.println("合并重复的字符.");
		System.out.println(CharSetUtils.squeeze("a  bbbbbb     c dd", "b d"));
	}

	public void objectUtilsDemo() {
		System.out.println("**ObjectUtilsDemo**");
		System.out.println("Object为null时，默认打印某字符.");
		Object obj = null;
		System.out.println(ObjectUtils.defaultIfNull(obj, "空"));

		System.out.println("验证两个引用是否指向的Object是否相等,取决于Object的equals()方法.");
		Object a = new Object();
		Object b = a;
		Object c = new Object();
		System.out.println(ObjectUtils.equals(a, b));
		System.out.println(ObjectUtils.equals(a, c));

		System.out.println("用父类Object的toString()方法返回对象信息.");
		Date date = new Date();
		System.out.println(ObjectUtils.identityToString(date));
		System.out.println(date);

		System.out.println("返回类本身的toString()方法结果,对象为null时，返回0长度字符串.");
		System.out.println(ObjectUtils.toString(date));
		System.out.println(ObjectUtils.toString(null));
		System.out.println(date);
	}

	public void serializationUtilsDemo() {
		System.out.println("*SerializationUtils**");
		Date date = new Date();
		byte[] bytes = SerializationUtils.serialize(date);
		System.out.println(ArrayUtils.toString(bytes));
		System.out.println(date);

		Date reDate = (Date) SerializationUtils.deserialize(bytes);
		System.out.println(reDate);
		System.out.println(ObjectUtils.equals(date, reDate));
		System.out.println(date == reDate);

		FileOutputStream fos = null;
		FileInputStream fis = null;
		try {
			fos = new FileOutputStream(new File("d:/test.txt"));
			fis = new FileInputStream(new File("d:/test.txt"));
			SerializationUtils.serialize(date, fos);
			Date reDate2 = (Date) SerializationUtils.deserialize(fis);

			System.out.println(date.equals(reDate2));

		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			try {
				fos.close();
				fis.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}

	}

	public void randomStringUtilsDemo() {
		System.out.println("**RandomStringUtilsDemo**");
		System.out.println("生成指定长度的随机字符串,好像没什么用.");
		System.out.println(RandomStringUtils.random(500));

		System.out.println("在指定字符串中生成长度为n的随机字符串.");
		System.out.println(RandomStringUtils.random(5, "abcdefghijk"));

		System.out.println("指定从字符或数字中生成随机字符串.");
		System.out.println(RandomStringUtils.random(5, true, false));
		System.out.println(RandomStringUtils.random(5, false, true));

	}

	public void stringUtilsDemo() {
		System.out.println("**StringUtilsDemo**");
		System.out.println("将字符串重复n次，将文字按某宽度居中，将字符串数组用某字符串连接.");
		String[] header = new String[3];
		header[0] = StringUtils.repeat("*", 50);
		header[1] = StringUtils.center("  StringUtilsDemo  ", 50, "^O^");
		header[2] = header[0];
		String head = StringUtils.join(header, "\n");
		System.out.println(head);

		System.out.println("缩短到某长度,用...结尾.");
		System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.", 10));
		System.out.println(StringUtils.abbreviate("The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.", 15, 10));

		System.out.println("返回两字符串不同处索引号.");
		System.out.println(StringUtils.indexOfDifference("aaabc", "aaacc"));

		System.out.println("返回两字符串不同处开始至结束.");
		System.out.println(StringUtils.difference("aaabcde", "aaaccde"));

		System.out.println("截去字符串为以指定字符串结尾的部分.");
		System.out.println(StringUtils.chomp("aaabcde", "de"));

		System.out.println("检查一字符串是否为另一字符串的子集.");
		System.out.println(StringUtils.containsOnly("aad", "aadd"));

		System.out.println("检查一字符串是否不是另一字符串的子集.");
		System.out.println(StringUtils.containsNone("defg", "aadd"));

		System.out.println("检查一字符串是否包含另一字符串.");
		System.out.println(StringUtils.contains("defg", "ef"));
		System.out.println(StringUtils.containsOnly("ef", "defg"));

		System.out.println("返回可以处理null的toString().");
		System.out.println(StringUtils.defaultString("aaaa"));
		System.out.println("?" + StringUtils.defaultString(null) + "!");

		System.out.println("去除字符中的空格.");
		System.out.println(StringUtils.deleteWhitespace("aa  bb  cc"));

		System.out.println("分隔符处理成数组.");
		String[] strArray = StringUtils.split("a,b,,c,d,null,e", ",");
		System.out.println(strArray.length);
		System.out.println(strArray.toString());

		System.out.println("判断是否是某类字符.");
		System.out.println(StringUtils.isAlpha("ab"));
		System.out.println(StringUtils.isAlphanumeric("12"));
		System.out.println(StringUtils.isBlank(""));
		System.out.println(StringUtils.isNumeric("123"));
	}

	public void systemUtilsDemo() {
		System.out.println(genHeader("SystemUtilsDemo"));
		System.out.println("获得系统文件分隔符.");
		System.out.println(SystemUtils.FILE_SEPARATOR);

		System.out.println("获得源文件编码.");
		System.out.println(SystemUtils.FILE_ENCODING);

		System.out.println("获得ext目录.");
		System.out.println(SystemUtils.JAVA_EXT_DIRS);

		System.out.println("获得java版本.");
		System.out.println(SystemUtils.JAVA_VM_VERSION);

		System.out.println("获得java厂商.");
		System.out.println(SystemUtils.JAVA_VENDOR);
	}

	public void classUtilsDemo() {
		System.out.println(genHeader("ClassUtilsDemo"));
		System.out.println("获取类实现的所有接口.");
		System.out.println(ClassUtils.getAllInterfaces(Date.class));

		System.out.println("获取类所有父类.");
		System.out.println(ClassUtils.getAllSuperclasses(Date.class));

		System.out.println("获取简单类名.");
		System.out.println(ClassUtils.getShortClassName(Date.class));

		System.out.println("获取包名.");
		System.out.println(ClassUtils.getPackageName(Date.class));

		System.out.println("判断是否可以转型.");
		System.out.println(ClassUtils.isAssignable(Date.class, Object.class));
		System.out.println(ClassUtils.isAssignable(Object.class, Date.class));
	}

	public void stringEscapeUtilsDemo() {
		System.out.println(genHeader("StringEcsapeUtils"));
		System.out.println("转换特殊字符.");
		System.out.println("html:" + StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml3(" "));
		System.out.println("html:" + StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml4(" "));
		System.out.println("html:" + StringEscapeUtils.unescapeHtml3("<p>"));
		System.out.println("html:" + StringEscapeUtils.unescapeHtml4("<p>"));
	}

	private final class BuildDemo {
		String name;
		int age;

		public BuildDemo(String name, int age) {
			this.name = name;
			this.age = age;
		}

		public String toString() {
			ToStringBuilder tsb = new ToStringBuilder(this, ToStringStyle.MULTI_LINE_STYLE);
			tsb.append("Name", name);
			tsb.append("Age", age);
			return tsb.toString();
		}

		public int hashCode() {
			HashCodeBuilder hcb = new HashCodeBuilder();
			hcb.append(name);
			hcb.append(age);
			return hcb.hashCode();
		}

		public boolean equals(Object obj) {
			if (!(obj instanceof BuildDemo)) {
				return false;
			}
			BuildDemo bd = (BuildDemo) obj;
			EqualsBuilder eb = new EqualsBuilder();
			eb.append(name, bd.name);
			eb.append(age, bd.age);
			return eb.isEquals();
		}
	}

	public void builderDemo() {
		System.out.println(genHeader("BuilderDemo"));
		BuildDemo obj1 = new BuildDemo("a", 1);
		BuildDemo obj2 = new BuildDemo("b", 2);
		BuildDemo obj3 = new BuildDemo("a", 1);

		System.out.println("toString()");
		System.out.println(obj1);
		System.out.println(obj2);
		System.out.println(obj3);

		System.out.println("hashCode()");
		System.out.println(obj1.hashCode());
		System.out.println(obj2.hashCode());
		System.out.println(obj3.hashCode());

		System.out.println("equals()");
		System.out.println(obj1.equals(obj2));
		System.out.println(obj1.equals(obj3));
	}

	public void numberUtils() {
		System.out.println(genHeader("NumberUtils"));
		System.out.println("字符串转为数字(不知道有什么用).");
		System.out.println(NumberUtils.toInt("ba", 33));

		System.out.println("从数组中选出最大值.");
		System.out.println(NumberUtils.max(new int[] { 1, 2, 3, 4 }));

		System.out.println("判断字符串是否全是整数.");
		System.out.println(NumberUtils.isDigits("123.1"));

		System.out.println("判断字符串是否是有效数字.");
		System.out.println(NumberUtils.isNumber("0123.1"));
	}

	public void dateFormatUtilsDemo() {
		System.out.println(genHeader("DateFormatUtilsDemo"));
		System.out.println("格式化日期输出.");
		System.out.println(DateFormatUtils.format(System.currentTimeMillis(), "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));

		System.out.println("秒表.");
		StopWatch sw = new StopWatch();
		sw.start();

		for (Iterator iterator = DateUtils.iterator(new Date(), DateUtils.RANGE_WEEK_CENTER); iterator.hasNext();) {
			Calendar cal = (Calendar) iterator.next();
			System.out.println(DateFormatUtils.format(cal.getTime(), "yy-MM-dd HH:mm"));
		}

		sw.stop();
		System.out.println("秒表计时:" + sw.getTime());

	}

	private String genHeader(String head) {
		String[] header = new String[3];
		header[0] = StringUtils.repeat("*", 50);
		header[1] = StringUtils.center("  " + head + "  ", 50, "^O^");
		header[2] = header[0];
		return StringUtils.join(header, "\n");
	}

	private void validateDemo() {
		String[] strarray = { "a", "b", "c" };
		System.out.println("验证功能");
		System.out.println(Validate.notEmpty(strarray));
	}

	private void wordUtilsDemo() {
		System.out.println("单词处理功能");
		String str1 = "wOrD";
		String str2 = "ghj\nui\tpo";
		System.out.println(WordUtils.capitalize(str1)); // 首字母大写
		System.out.println(WordUtils.capitalizeFully(str1)); // 首字母大写其它字母小写
		char[] ctrg = { '.' };
		System.out.println(WordUtils.capitalizeFully("i aM.fine", ctrg)); // 在规则地方转换
		System.out.println(WordUtils.initials(str1)); // 获取首字母
		System.out.println(WordUtils.initials("Ben John Lee", null)); // 取每个单词的首字母
		char[] ctr = { ' ', '.' };
		System.out.println(WordUtils.initials("Ben J.Lee", ctr)); // 按指定规则获取首字母
		System.out.println(WordUtils.swapCase(str1)); // 大小写逆转
		System.out.println(WordUtils.wrap(str2, 1)); // 解析\n和\t等字符
	}

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		TestLangDemo langDemo = new TestLangDemo();

		langDemo.charSetDemo();
		langDemo.charSetUtilsDemo();
		langDemo.objectUtilsDemo();
		langDemo.serializationUtilsDemo();
		langDemo.randomStringUtilsDemo();
		langDemo.stringUtilsDemo();
		langDemo.systemUtilsDemo();
		langDemo.classUtilsDemo();
		langDemo.stringEscapeUtilsDemo();
		langDemo.builderDemo();
		langDemo.numberUtils();
		langDemo.dateFormatUtilsDemo();
		langDemo.validateDemo();
		langDemo.wordUtilsDemo();
	}

}