35.Struts2_使用声明式验证

最新推荐文章于 2021-04-24 11:47:11 发布

yigg

最新推荐文章于 2021-04-24 11:47:11 发布

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声明式验证步骤

一、编写Action类

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print ?

package com.tg.action;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class CheckAction extends ActionSupport {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 7982435824916880105L;
private int age ;
private String username;
private String email;
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public static long getSerialversionuid() {
return serialVersionUID;
}
@Override
public String execute() throws Exception {
System.out.println(”age”+age);
return SUCCESS;
}
}

package com.tg.action;

import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;

public class CheckAction extends ActionSupport {

    /**
     * 
     */
    private static final long serialVersionUID = 7982435824916880105L;
    private int age ;
    private String username;

    private String email;

    public String getEmail() {
        return email;
    }
    public void setEmail(String email) {
        this.email = email;
    }
    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }
    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }
    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public static long getSerialversionuid() {
        return serialVersionUID;
    }

    @Override
    public String execute() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("age"+age);
        return SUCCESS;
    }
}

二、在struts.xml中配置该Action

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print ?

<?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8” ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
”-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN”
”http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd”>
<struts>
<constant name=”struts.devMode” value=“true” />
<constant name=”struts.action.extension” value=“action,do,,”/>
<constant name=”struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation” value=“false” />
<constant name=”struts.devMode” value=“true” />
<package name=“default” namespace=“/” extends=“struts-default”>
<action name=“check” class=“com.tg.action.CheckAction”>
<result name=”success”>/success.jsp</result>
<result name=”input”>/validation.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>

    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
    <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="action,do,,"/>
    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />

    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
        <span style="color:#FF0000;"><action name="check" class="com.tg.action.CheckAction">
            <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
            <result name="input">/validation.jsp</result>

        </action></span>
    </package>



</struts>

三、编写验证规则的配置文件

去struts2-blank\WEB-INF\src\java\example 下找到 Login-validation.xml 复制然后重命名

命名必须为必须放置在Action类的同目录下

＜ActionClassName＞-validation.xml
＜ActionClassName＞-＜ActionAliasName＞-validation.xml
其中＜ActionAliasName＞就是struts.xml中＜ation＞的name属性值。

本例子为 CheckAction-validation.xml

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print ?

<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
”-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN”
”http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd”>
<!– 校验文件的根元素 –>
<validators>
<!– 校验Action的username属性 –>
<field name=”username”>
<field-validator type=”requiredstring”>
<param name=”trim”>true</param>
<message>username is required</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
<field name=”email”>
<field-validator type=”email”>
<message>Must provide a valid email</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
<!– 指定name属性必须满足必填规则 –>
<field name=”age”>
<field-validator type=”conversion” short-circuit=“true”>
<message>Conversion Error (Integer Wanted)</message>
</field-validator>
<!– 指定age属性必须在指定范围内–>
<field-validator type=”int”>
<param name=”min”>20</param>
<param name=”max”>50</param>
<message>Age needs to be between ${min} and $ {max}</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
</validators>

<!DOCTYPE validators PUBLIC
        "-//Apache Struts//XWork Validator 1.0.2//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/xwork-validator-1.0.2.dtd">
<span style="color:#FF0000;"><span><span class="comments"><!-- 校验文件的根元素 --></span><span></span></span></span>
<validators>
 <span style="color:#FF0000;"><span> <span class="comments"><!-- 校验Action的username属性 --></span><span> </span></span></span>
     <field name="username">
          <field-validator type="requiredstring">
            <param name="trim">true</param>
            <message>username is required</message>
       </field-validator>
    </field>

    <field name="email">
   <field-validator type="email">
      <message>Must provide a valid email</message>
   </field-validator>
    </field>
<span><span style="color:#FF0000;"><span class="comments"><!-- 指定name属性必须满足必填规则 --></span></span><span><span style="color:#FF0000;">  </span>
</span></span>
   <field name="age">
        <field-validator type="conversion" short-circuit="true">

            <message>Conversion Error (Integer Wanted)</message>
        </field-validator>
        <span style="color:#FF0000;"><span> <span class="comments"><!-- 指定age属性必须在指定范围内--</span></span>></span>
         <field-validator type="int">

             <param name="min">20</param>
             <param name="max">50</param>
             <message>Age needs to be between ${min} and ${max}</message>
         </field-validator>
     </field>


</validators>

一个Action类可以应答多个action请求 ,多个action 请求使用不同的验证规则怎么办?

解决方案
       为每个不同的action请求定义其对应的验证文件：ActionClassName-AliasName-
       validation.xml不带别名的配置文件：ActionClassName-validation.xml
       中的验证规则依然会起作用可以吧各个action公有的验证规则配置在其中但需要注意的是
       只适应于某一个action的请求的验证规则就不要再这里
       配置了

如下图

字段验证

字段校验器配置格式：

<field-validator type=”校验器名”>

<!–此处需要为不同校验器指定数量不等的校验规则–>

………………..

<!–校验失败后的提示信息，其中key指定国际化信息的key–>

<message key=”I18Nkey”>校验失败后的提示信息</message>

<!–校验失败后的提示信息:建议用getText(“I18Nkey”),否则可能出现Freemarker template Error–>

</field-vallidator>

<!– 如果校验字段满足多个规则，下面可以配置多个校验器–>

</field>

非字段验证

非字段校验器配置格式：

<validator type=”校验器名”>

 <param name=”fieldName”>需要被校验的字段</param>

 <!–此处需要为不同校验器指定数量不等的校验规则–>

<param name=”参数名”>参数值</param>

 <!–校验失败后的提示信息，其中key指定国际化信息的key–>

 <message key=”I18Nkey”>校验失败后的提示信息</message>

 <!–校验失败后的提示信息:建议用getText(“I18Nkey”),否则可能出现Freemarker template Error–>

</validator>

（1）字段校验代码，例如下面的代码：

Xml代码

 <field name=”….”>
 <field-validator type=”…”></field-validator>
 </filed>

（2）非字段校验代码，例如下面的代码：
Xml代码

 <validators>
 <validator type=”required”>
 <param name=”fieldName”>username</param>
 <message>用户名必须填写</message>
 </validator>
 </validators>

 struts2的校验大部分是围绕Action组件的字段属性来实现的，主要是判断某个字段属性的输入是否有效，因此又把这种内置的校验器成为字段校验器。还有一种校验器它不是针对某个字段，而是针对多个字段的输入值之间的逻辑关系进行校验，典型的例子是再次输入密码的判断。内置的expression校验器就是一种非字段校验器。

 <validator type=”expression”>
 <param name=”expression”><![CDATA[(password==repassword)]]></param>
 <message>两次输入的密码必须完全一致！</message>
 </validator>

非字段校验：先指定校验器：由谁来校验，来校验谁！

字段校验器：先指定校验的属性：我来校验谁，由谁来校验！

短路验证

加 short-circuit=”true” 表示当前验证器没有通过后直接返回input视图不会验证后面的验证器

[java] view plain copy

print ?

<validators>
<field name=”age”>
<field-validator type=”conversion” >
<message>Conversion Error (Integer Wanted)</message>
</field-validator>
<field-validator type=”int” short-circuit=“true” >
<param name=”min”>20</param>
<param name=”max”>50</param>
<message>Age needs to be between ${min} and $ {max}</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
<field name=”username”>
<field-validator type=”requiredstring” >
<param name=”trim”>true</param>
<message>username is required</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
<field name=”email”>
<field-validator type=”email”>
<message>Must provide a valid email</message>
</field-validator>
</field>
</validators>

<validators>
    

   <field name="age">
           <field-validator type="conversion" >
           
            <message>Conversion Error (Integer Wanted)</message>
         </field-validator>
         
         <field-validator type="int" <span style="color:#FF0000;">short-circuit="true"</span> >
             
             <param name="min">20</param>
             <param name="max">50</param>
             <message>Age needs to be between ${min} and ${max}</message>
         </field-validator>
     </field>
     <field name="username">
          <field-validator type="requiredstring" >
            <param name="trim">true</param>
            <message>username is required</message>
       </field-validator>
    </field>

    <field name="email">
   <field-validator type="email">
      <message>Must provide a valid email</message>
   </field-validator>
    </field>
     
</validators>