hibernate基于外键的1-1映射关联关系:
基于外键的1-1关联,其外键可以存放在任意一边,在需要存放外键的一端,增加 many-to-one 元素,为 many-to-one 元素增加 unique = "true" 属性来表示1-1关联
另一端使用 one-to-one 元素,该元素使用 propety-ref 属性指定使用被关联实体主键以外的字段作为关联字段(即后文的mgr属性)
一、代码示例:
Manager.class
package com.zit.hibernate.one2one.foreign;
public class Manager {
private Integer mgrId;
private String mgrName;
private Department dept;
public Integer getMgrId() {
return mgrId;
}
public void setMgrId(Integer mgrId) {
this.mgrId = mgrId;
}
public String getMgrName() {
return mgrName;
}
public void setMgrName(String mgrName) {
this.mgrName = mgrName;
}
public Department getDept() {
return dept;
}
public void setDept(Department dept) {
this.dept = dept;
}
}
Department.class
package com.zit.hibernate.one2one.foreign;
public class Department {
private Integer deptId;
private String deptName;
private Manager mgr;
public Integer getDeptId() {
return deptId;
}
public void setDeptId(Integer deptId) {
this.deptId = deptId;
}
public String getDeptName() {
return deptName;
}
public void setDeptName(String deptName) {
this.deptName = deptName;
}
public Manager getMgr() {
return mgr;
}
public void setMgr(Manager mgr) {
this.mgr = mgr;
}
}
映射文件
Department.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2015-11-30 14:30:53 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.zit.hibernate.one2one.foreign.Department" table="DEPARTMENTS">
<id name="deptId" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="DEPT_ID" />
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="deptName" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="DEPT_NAME" />
</property>
<!-- 使用many-to-one 的方式来映射 1-1 关联关系 -->
<many-to-one name="mgr" class="com.zit.hibernate.one2one.foreign.Manager">
<column name="MGR_ID" unique="true"></column>
</many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Manager.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2015-11-30 14:30:53 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping package="com.zit.hibernate.one2one.foreign">
<class name="Manager" table="MANAGERS">
<id name="mgrId" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="MGR_ID" />
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="mgrName" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="MGR_NAME" />
</property>
<!-- 映射1-1的关联关系 :在对应是数据表中已经有外键了,使用one-to-one 进行映射-->
<one-to-one name="dept" class="Department"
property-ref="mgr">
</one-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
在Manager.hbm.xml中使用的是one-to-one,注意one-to-one中有子属性 property-ref务必要设置
例:意为在department对应的表中,已经有属性mgr对应表的主键作为它的外键,
<one-to-one name="dept" class="Department"
property-ref="mgr">
</one-to-one>
若未设置property-ref属性,在查询时,会出现如下状况,看下面的sql语句:
Hibernate:
select
department0_.DEPT_ID as DEPT_ID1_0_0_,
department0_.DEPT_NAME as DEPT_NAM2_0_0_,
department0_.MGR_ID as MGR_ID3_0_0_
from
DEPARTMENTS department0_
where
department0_.DEPT_ID=?
DEPT-AA
Hibernate:
select
manager0_.MGR_ID as MGR_ID1_1_1_,
manager0_.MGR_NAME as MGR_NAME2_1_1_,
department1_.DEPT_ID as DEPT_ID1_0_0_,
department1_.DEPT_NAME as DEPT_NAM2_0_0_,
department1_.MGR_ID as MGR_ID3_0_0_
from
MANAGERS manager0_
left outer join
DEPARTMENTS department1_
on manager0_.MGR_ID=department1_.DEPT_ID
where
manager0_.MGR_ID=?
在导航查询时,会出现这种不正确的左外连接查询 :on manager0_.MGR_ID=department1_.DEPT_ID ,当然如果你侥幸设置的是department与manager同时插入,则他们的id号可能相同,那么你的结果也可能正确,但是这样的id号明显不能匹配查询。
而正确的查询应该是:on manager0_.MGR_ID=department1_.MGR_ID
二、使用注意:
1.插入时:同样遵循之前n-1时的插入原则,先插入1的一端,再插入多的一端。因为这种基于外键的双向1-1关联关系的映射,在一端的配置,仍然是many-to-one的形式,所以,我们插入时需要先插入one一端的对象。
例如:本文例中的,one 为 Manager,所以插入时,先session.save(manager);在session.save(department);
hibernate自动生成的sql如下:
Hibernate:
insert
into
MANAGERS
(MGR_NAME)
values
(?)
Hibernate:
insert
into
DEPARTMENTS
(DEPT_NAME, MGR_ID)
values
(?, ?)
若先插入department,再插入manager,会多出update,与之前n-1的情况相同。
hibernate自动生成的sql如下:
Hibernate:
insert
into
DEPARTMENTS
(DEPT_NAME, MGR_ID)
values
(?, ?)
Hibernate:
insert
into
MANAGERS
(MGR_NAME)
values
(?)
Hibernate:
update
DEPARTMENTS
set
DEPT_NAME=?,
MGR_ID=?
where
DEPT_ID=?
2.查询时:
若先查询Department,由department再获取对应的Manager,则会发送3条sql,获取department时发送1条,(懒加载),获取manager时,发送两条。
department = session.get(Department.class, 1);
若先查询Manager,由manager再获取对应的department,则只会发送1条sql,并且在获取manager时,就已经将对应的department初始化。(并没有用懒加载)
manager = session.get(Manager.class, 2);
转载于:http://www.cnblogs.com/zitt/p/5074326.html