Android定位功能学习

Android中定位功能的API位于android.loaction包下，类与接口如下：

接口：

GpsStatus.Listener：监听Gps状态的接口

GpsStatus.NmeaListener：监听从GPS里接口Nmea-o183信息

LocationListener：监听位置信息

类：

Address：描述地址的类

Criteria：用于描述Location Provide标准的类，包括位置精度水平，电量消耗水平，是否获取海拔方位信息，是否允许接收付费服务

GeoCoder：用户处理地理位置的编码

GpsSatellite:和GpsStatus联合使用，用于描述当前Gps卫星的状态

GpsStatus：用于描述当前Gps卫星的状态

Location：用于描述位置信息

LocationManager：位置信息服务管理

LocationProvider：用于描述Location Provide的抽象超类，位置信息数据源。

Android定位数据源的提供一般有两种方式，一种是基于基站、wifi等网络的定位方式，另外一种是基于GPS方式的定位。

package com.test;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.List;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.location.Address;
import android.location.Criteria;
import android.location.Geocoder;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationListener;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;

publicclass MainActivity extends Activity {
    @Override
publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
       setContentView(R.layout.main);
       
//获取到LocationManager对象
       LocationManager locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);
//创建一个Criteria对象
       Criteria criteria =new Criteria();
//设置粗略精确度
       criteria.setAccuracy(Criteria.ACCURACY_COARSE);
//设置是否需要返回海拔信息
       criteria.setAltitudeRequired(false);
//设置是否需要返回方位信息
       criteria.setBearingRequired(false);
//设置是否允许付费服务
       criteria.setCostAllowed(true);
//设置电量消耗等级
       criteria.setPowerRequirement(Criteria.POWER_HIGH);
//设置是否需要返回速度信息
       criteria.setSpeedRequired(false);

//根据设置的Criteria对象，获取最符合此标准的provider对象
       String currentProvider = locationManager.getBestProvider(criteria, true);
       Log.d("Location", "currentProvider: "+ currentProvider);
//根据当前provider对象获取最后一次位置信息
       Location currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
//如果位置信息为null，则请求更新位置信息
if(currentLocation ==null){
           locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(currentProvider, 0, 0, locationListener);
       }
//直到获得最后一次位置信息为止，如果未获得最后一次位置信息，则显示默认经纬度
//每隔10秒获取一次位置信息
while(true){
           currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
if(currentLocation !=null){
               Log.d("Location", "Latitude: "+ currentLocation.getLatitude());
               Log.d("Location", "location: "+ currentLocation.getLongitude());
break;
           }else{
               Log.d("Location", "Latitude: "+0);
               Log.d("Location", "location: "+0);
           }
try {
               Thread.sleep(10000);
           } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                Log.e("Location", e.getMessage());
           }
       }
       
//解析地址并显示
       Geocoder geoCoder =new Geocoder(this);
try {
int latitude = (int) currentLocation.getLatitude();
int longitude = (int) currentLocation.getLongitude();
           List<Address> list = geoCoder.getFromLocation(latitude, longitude, 2);
for(int i=0; i<list.size(); i++){
               Address address = list.get(i); 
               Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, address.getCountryName() + address.getAdminArea() + address.getFeatureName(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
           }
       } catch (IOException e) {
           Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,e.getMessage(), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
       }
       
    }
    
//创建位置监听器
private LocationListener locationListener =new LocationListener(){
//位置发生改变时调用
        @Override
publicvoid onLocationChanged(Location location) {
            Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged");
            Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged Latitude"+ location.getLatitude());
                 Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged location"+ location.getLongitude());
        }

//provider失效时调用
        @Override
publicvoid onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
            Log.d("Location", "onProviderDisabled");
        }

//provider启用时调用
        @Override
publicvoid onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
            Log.d("Location", "onProviderEnabled");
        }

//状态改变时调用
        @Override
publicvoid onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
            Log.d("Location", "onStatusChanged");
        }
    };
}

基于GPS的定位

publicclass MainActivity extends Activity {
private LocationManager locationManager;
private GpsStatus gpsstatus;
    @Override
publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
       setContentView(R.layout.main);
       
//获取到LocationManager对象
       locationManager = (LocationManager) getSystemService(LOCATION_SERVICE);
       
//根据设置的Criteria对象，获取最符合此标准的provider对象
       String currentProvider = locationManager.getProvider(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER).getName();
       
//根据当前provider对象获取最后一次位置信息
       Location currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
//如果位置信息为null，则请求更新位置信息
if(currentLocation ==null){
           locationManager.requestLocationUpdates(currentProvider, 0, 0, locationListener);
       }
//增加GPS状态监听器
       locationManager.addGpsStatusListener(gpsListener);
       
//直到获得最后一次位置信息为止，如果未获得最后一次位置信息，则显示默认经纬度
//每隔10秒获取一次位置信息
while(true){
           currentLocation = locationManager.getLastKnownLocation(currentProvider);
if(currentLocation !=null){
               Log.d("Location", "Latitude: "+ currentLocation.getLatitude());
               Log.d("Location", "location: "+ currentLocation.getLongitude());
break;
           }else{
               Log.d("Location", "Latitude: "+0);
               Log.d("Location", "location: "+0);
           }
try {
               Thread.sleep(10000);
           } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                Log.e("Location", e.getMessage());
           }
       }
    }
    
private GpsStatus.Listener gpsListener =new GpsStatus.Listener(){
//GPS状态发生变化时触发
        @Override
publicvoid onGpsStatusChanged(int event) {
//获取当前状态
            gpsstatus=locationManager.getGpsStatus(null);
switch(event){
//第一次定位时的事件
case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_FIRST_FIX:
break;
//开始定位的事件
case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_STARTED:
break;
//发送GPS卫星状态事件
case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_SATELLITE_STATUS:
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "GPS_EVENT_SATELLITE_STATUS", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                    Iterable<GpsSatellite> allSatellites = gpsstatus.getSatellites();   
                    Iterator<GpsSatellite> it=allSatellites.iterator(); 
int count =0;
while(it.hasNext())   
                    {   
                        count++;
                    }
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Satellite Count:"+ count, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
break;
//停止定位事件
case GpsStatus.GPS_EVENT_STOPPED:
                    Log.d("Location", "GPS_EVENT_STOPPED");
break;
            }
        }
    };
    
    
//创建位置监听器
private LocationListener locationListener =new LocationListener(){
//位置发生改变时调用
        @Override
publicvoid onLocationChanged(Location location) {
            Log.d("Location", "onLocationChanged");
        }

//provider失效时调用
        @Override
publicvoid onProviderDisabled(String provider) {
            Log.d("Location", "onProviderDisabled");
        }

//provider启用时调用
        @Override
publicvoid onProviderEnabled(String provider) {
            Log.d("Location", "onProviderEnabled");
        }

//状态改变时调用
        @Override
publicvoid onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {
            Log.d("Location", "onStatusChanged");
        }
    };
}