iOS原生实现二维码扫描

最新推荐文章于 2020-07-01 19:06:08 发布
Macle_Chen
最新推荐文章于 2020-07-01 19:06:08 发布
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分类专栏： iOS软件开发文章标签：二维码 iOS
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   这两天用到了二维码扫描功能，网上第三方框架是有，但是想弄清楚其原理，就自己用了系统原生的方法，其中部分地方有点坑，就记录下来，权当下次使用提醒。

   
   二维码扫描

   
   不多说，上代码：

   
   #import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>  //引用AVFoundation框架
@interface ViewController ()<AVCaptureMetadataOutputObjectsDelegate> //遵守AVCaptureMetadataOutputObjectsDelegate协议
@property ( strong , nonatomic ) AVCaptureDevice * device; //捕获设备，默认后置摄像头
@property ( strong , nonatomic ) AVCaptureDeviceInput * input; //输入设备
@property ( strong , nonatomic ) AVCaptureMetadataOutput * output;//输出设备，需要指定他的输出类型及扫描范围
@property ( strong , nonatomic ) AVCaptureSession * session; //AVFoundation框架捕获类的中心枢纽，协调输入输出设备以获得数据
@property ( strong , nonatomic ) AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer * previewLayer;//展示捕获图像的图层，是CALayer的子类
@property (nonatomic,strong)UIView *scanView;定位扫描框在哪个位置
   
   初始化对象：
   
   - (AVCaptureDevice *)device
{
    if (_device == nil) {
    // 设置AVCaptureDevice的类型为Video类型
        _device = [AVCaptureDevice defaultDeviceWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];
    }
    return _device;
}

- (AVCaptureDeviceInput *)input
{
    if (_input == nil) {
    //输入设备初始化
        _input = [AVCaptureDeviceInput deviceInputWithDevice:self.device error:nil];
    }
    return _input;
}
   
   这里设置输出设备要注意rectOfInterest属性的设置，一般默认是CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 1, height: 1),全屏都能读取的，但是读取速度较慢。注意rectOfInterest属性的传人的是比例。比例是根据扫描容器的尺寸比上屏幕尺寸（注意要计算的时候要计算导航栏高度，有的话需减去）。
参照的是横屏左上角的比例，而不是竖屏。所以我们再设置的时候要调整方向如下面所示。
   
   - (AVCaptureMetadataOutput *)output
{
    if (_output == nil) {
    //初始化输出设备
        _output = [[AVCaptureMetadataOutput alloc] init];

        // 1.获取屏幕的frame
        CGRect viewRect = self.view.frame;
        // 2.获取扫描容器的frame
        CGRect containerRect = self.scanView.frame;

        CGFloat x = containerRect.origin.y / viewRect.size.height;
        CGFloat y = containerRect.origin.x / viewRect.size.width;
        CGFloat width = containerRect.size.height / viewRect.size.height;
        CGFloat height = containerRect.size.width / viewRect.size.width;
        //rectOfInterest属性设置设备的扫描范围
        _output.rectOfInterest = CGRectMake(x, y, width, height);
    }
    return _output;
}
   
   网上还有一种是根据AVCaptureInputPortFormatDescriptionDidChangeNotification通知设置的，也是可行的，自选一种即可。
   
    __weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]addObserverForName:AVCaptureInputPortFormatDescriptionDidChangeNotification
                                                         object:nil
                                                          queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue]
                                                     usingBlock:^(NSNotification * _Nonnull note) {
                                                         if (weakSelf){
                                                             //调整扫描区域
                                                             AVCaptureMetadataOutput *output = weakSelf.session.outputs.firstObject;
                                                             output.rectOfInterest = [weakSelf.previewLayer metadataOutputRectOfInterestForRect:weakSelf.scanView.frame];
                                                         }
                                                     }];
   
   下面初始化AVCaptureSession和AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer:
   
   - (AVCaptureSession *)session
{
    if (_session == nil) {
        _session = [[AVCaptureSession alloc] init];
    }
    return _session;
}

- (AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer *)previewLayer
{
    if (_previewLayer == nil) {
    //负责图像渲染出来
        _previewLayer = [AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer layerWithSession:self.session];
        self.previewLayer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill;
    }
    return _previewLayer;
}
   
   接着我们再viewDidLoad中初始化并启动扫描
   
   - (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    CGFloat kScreen_Width = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width; 

      //定位扫描框在屏幕正中央，并且宽高为200的正方形
     self.scanView = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake((kScreen_Width-200)/2, (self.view.frame.size.height-200)/2, 200, 200)];
    [self.view addSubview:self.scanView];

    //设置扫描界面（包括扫描界面之外的部分置灰，扫描边框等的设置）,后面设置
    TNWCameraScanView *clearView = [[TNWCameraScanView alloc]initWithFrame:self.view.frame];
    [self.view addSubview:clearView];

    [self startScan];
}

- (void)startScan
{
    // 1.判断输入能否添加到会话中
    if (![self.session canAddInput:self.input]) return;
    [self.session addInput:self.input];


    // 2.判断输出能够添加到会话中
    if (![self.session canAddOutput:self.output]) return;
    [self.session addOutput:self.output];

    // 4.设置输出能够解析的数据类型
    // 注意点: 设置数据类型一定要在输出对象添加到会话之后才能设置
    //设置availableMetadataObjectTypes为二维码、条形码等均可扫描，如果想只扫描二维码可设置为
    // [self.output setMetadataObjectTypes:@[AVMetadataObjectTypeQRCode]];

    self.output.metadataObjectTypes = self.output.availableMetadataObjectTypes;

    // 5.设置监听监听输出解析到的数据
    [self.output setMetadataObjectsDelegate:self queue:dispatch_get_main_queue()];

    // 6.添加预览图层
    [self.view.layer insertSublayer:self.previewLayer atIndex:0];
    self.previewLayer.frame = self.view.bounds;

    // 8.开始扫描
    [self.session startRunning];
}
   
   下面是接收扫描结果的代理AVCaptureMetadataOutputObjectsDelegate:
   
   - (void)captureOutput:(AVCaptureOutput *)captureOutput didOutputMetadataObjects:(NSArray *)metadataObjects fromConnection:(AVCaptureConnection *)connection
{
    [self.session stopRunning];   //停止扫描
    //我们捕获的对象可能不是AVMetadataMachineReadableCodeObject类，所以要先判断，不然会崩溃
    if (![[metadataObjects lastObject] isKindOfClass:[AVMetadataMachineReadableCodeObject class]]) {
          [self.session startRunning];
        return;
    }
    // id 类型不能点语法,所以要先去取出数组中对象
    AVMetadataMachineReadableCodeObject *object = [metadataObjects lastObject];
    if ( object.stringValue == nil ){
            [self.session startRunning];
    }
   
   上面就是常用的二维码扫描部分的代码，我们下面再简单的看下它扫描框之外界面的设置（包括扫描界面之外的部分置灰，扫描边框等）。具体样式你们可以自己调整添加。
   
   扫描框
   
   @interface TNWCameraScanView : UIView

- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame;

@end
   
   #import "TNWCameraScanView.h"
@interface TNWCameraScanView()
{
    CGFloat sceenHeight;
    NSTimer *timer;
    CGRect  scanRect;
    CGFloat kScreen_Width;
    CGFloat kScreen_Height;
}

@property (nonatomic,assign)CGFloat lineWidth;
@property (nonatomic,assign)CGFloat height;
@property (nonatomic,strong)UIColor  *lineColor;
@property (nonatomic, assign)CGFloat scanTime;


@end
@implementation TNWCameraScanView

- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame{
    if (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) {

        self.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor]; // 清空背景色，否则为黑
        sceenHeight =self.frame.size.height;
        _height =   200; // 宽高200的正方形
        _lineWidth = 2;   // 扫描框4个脚的宽度
        _lineColor =  [UIColor greenColor]; // 扫描框4个脚的颜色
        _scanTime = 3;      //扫描线的时间间隔设置

         kScreen_Width = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width;
         kScreen_Height = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height;
        [self scanLineMove];

        //定时，多少秒扫描线刷新一次
        timer =  [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:_scanTime target:self selector:@selector(scanLineMove) userInfo:nil repeats:YES];
    }
    return self;
}

- (void)scanLineMove{
    UIView *line = [[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake((kScreen_Width-_height)/2, (sceenHeight-_height)/2, _height, 1)];
    line.backgroundColor = [UIColor greenColor];
    [self addSubview:line];
    [UIView animateWithDuration:_scanTime animations:^{
        line.frame = CGRectMake((kScreen_Width-_height)/2,  (sceenHeight+_height)/2, _height, 0.5);
    } completion:^(BOOL finished) {
        [line removeFromSuperview];
    }];
}

-(void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect{
    CGFloat   bottomHeight =  (sceenHeight-_height)/2;
    CGFloat   leftWidth = (kScreen_Width-_height)/2;

    CGContextRef ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();

    //设置4个方向的灰度值，透明度为0.5，可自行调整。
    CGContextSetRGBFillColor(ctx, 0, 0, 0, 0.5);
    CGContextFillRect(ctx, CGRectMake(0, 0, kScreen_Width, bottomHeight));
    CGContextStrokePath(ctx);
    CGContextFillRect(ctx, CGRectMake(0,bottomHeight, leftWidth, _height));
    CGContextStrokePath(ctx);
    CGContextFillRect(ctx, CGRectMake((kScreen_Width+_height)/2, bottomHeight, leftWidth, _height));
    CGContextStrokePath(ctx);
    CGContextFillRect(ctx, CGRectMake(0,(sceenHeight+_height)/2, kScreen_Width, bottomHeight));
    CGContextStrokePath(ctx);

    //扫描框4个脚的设置
    CGContextSetLineWidth(ctx, _lineWidth);
    CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor(ctx, _lineColor.CGColor);
    //左上角
    CGContextMoveToPoint(ctx, leftWidth, bottomHeight+30);
    CGContextAddLineToPoint(ctx, leftWidth, bottomHeight);
    CGContextAddLineToPoint(ctx, leftWidth+30, bottomHeight);
    CGContextStrokePath(ctx);
    //右上角
    CGContextMoveToPoint(ctx, (kScreen_Width+_height)/2-30, bottomHeight);
    CGContextAddLineToPoint(ctx, (kScreen_Width+_height)/2, bottomHeight);
    CGContextAddLineToPoint(ctx, (kScreen_Width+_height)/2, bottomHeight+30);
    CGContextStrokePath(ctx);
    //左下角
    CGContextMoveToPoint(ctx, leftWidth, (sceenHeight+_height)/2-30);
    CGContextAddLineToPoint(ctx, leftWidth,  (sceenHeight+_height)/2);
    CGContextAddLineToPoint(ctx, leftWidth+30, (sceenHeight+_height)/2);
    CGContextStrokePath(ctx);
    //右下角
    CGContextMoveToPoint(ctx, (kScreen_Width+_height)/2-30, (sceenHeight+_height)/2);
    CGContextAddLineToPoint(ctx,  (kScreen_Width+_height)/2,  (sceenHeight+_height)/2);
    CGContextAddLineToPoint(ctx,  (kScreen_Width+_height)/2, (sceenHeight+_height)/2-30);
    CGContextStrokePath(ctx);

    设置扫描框4个边的颜色和线框。
//    CGContextSetStrokeColorWithColor(ctx, [UIColor whiteColor].CGColor);
//    CGContextSet_lineWidth(ctx, 1);
//    CGContextAddRect(ctx, CGRectMake(leftWidth, bottomHeight, height, height));
//    CGContextStrokePath(ctx);
    scanRect = CGRectMake(leftWidth, bottomHeight, _height, _height);
}

- (void)dealloc{
     //清除计时器
    [timer invalidate];
    timer = nil;
}
   
   扫描相册中的二维码
   
   再说一下关于扫描相册中的二维码部分，使用CIDetector进行图片解析，比较简单。
   
   - (void)choicePhoto{
  //调用相册
  UIImagePickerController *imagePicker = [[UIImagePickerController alloc]init];
  //UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary为相册
  imagePicker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary;

  //设置代理UIImagePickerControllerDelegate和UINavigationControllerDelegate
  imagePicker.delegate = self;

  [self presentViewController:imagePicker animated:YES completion:nil];
}
//选中图片的回调
-(void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController*)picker didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary *)info
{
  //取出选中的图片
  UIImage *pickImage = info[UIImagePickerControllerOriginalImage];
  NSData *imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(pickImage);
  CIImage *ciImage = [CIImage imageWithData:imageData];

  //创建探测器
  //CIDetectorTypeQRCode表示二维码，这里选择CIDetectorAccuracyLow识别速度快
  CIDetector *detector = [CIDetector detectorOfType:CIDetectorTypeQRCode context:nil options:@{CIDetectorAccuracy: CIDetectorAccuracyLow}];
  NSArray *feature = [detector featuresInImage:ciImage];

  //取出探测到的数据
  for (CIQRCodeFeature *result in feature) {
    NSString *content = result.messageString;// 这个就是我们想要的值
  }

  [self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
}
   
   常用的二维码或条形码就是这些吧，后续再进行补充。
  
  


作者：褪色的旧衬衫
链接：http://www.jianshu.com/p/45ef464c0c8d
來源：简书
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。
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iOS原生实现二维码扫描

这两天用到了二维码扫描功能，网上第三方框架是有，但是想弄清楚其原理，就自己用了系统原生的方法，其中部分地方有点坑，就记录下来，权当下次使用提醒。二维码扫描不多说，上代码：#import //引用AVFoundation框架@interface ViewController () //遵守AVCaptureMetadataOutputObjectsDelegate协议@property
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