Qt 二进制文件的读写

Qt 二进制文件的读写

开发工具：VS2013 +QT5.8.0

实例功能概述

1、新建项目“sample7_2binFile”

完成以上步骤后，生成以下文件：

2、界面设计

如何添加资源文件：

鼠标双击“***.qrc”文件 弹出以下界面：

点击 “Add File” 找到要添加的 icons 所在位置，全选，“打开” 即添加上，别忘了点 “保存”

如何在工具栏添加QAction

先在菜单栏添加需要添加的QAction，然后把它拖放到工具栏上

可视化UI设计，完成后的界面如下图所示：

添加 Qt Class “QWComboBoxDelegate”

QWComboBoxDelegate.h 文件

#pragma once

#include <QItemDelegate>

class QWComboBoxDelegate : public QItemDelegate
{
	Q_OBJECT

public:
	QWComboBoxDelegate(QObject *parent=0);
	~QWComboBoxDelegate();


	//自定义代理组件必须继承以下4个函数
	QWidget *createEditor(QWidget *parent, const QStyleOptionViewItem &option,
		const QModelIndex &index) const Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

	void setEditorData(QWidget *editor, const QModelIndex &index) const Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

	void setModelData(QWidget *editor, QAbstractItemModel *model,
		const QModelIndex &index) const Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

	void updateEditorGeometry(QWidget *editor, const QStyleOptionViewItem &option,
		const QModelIndex &index) const Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

};

QWComboBoxDelegate.cpp 文件

#include "QWComboBoxDelegate.h"

#include    <QComboBox>


//解决QT中中文显示乱码问题
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")

QWComboBoxDelegate::QWComboBoxDelegate(QObject *parent)
	: QItemDelegate(parent)
{
}

QWComboBoxDelegate::~QWComboBoxDelegate()
{
}


QWidget *QWComboBoxDelegate::createEditor(QWidget *parent,
	const QStyleOptionViewItem &option, const QModelIndex &index) const
{
	Q_UNUSED(option);
	Q_UNUSED(index);

	QComboBox *editor = new QComboBox(parent);

	editor->addItem("优");
	editor->addItem("良");
	editor->addItem("一般");
	editor->addItem("不合格");

	return editor;
}

void QWComboBoxDelegate::setEditorData(QWidget *editor, const QModelIndex &index) const
{
	QString str = index.model()->data(index, Qt::EditRole).toString();

	QComboBox *comboBox = static_cast<QComboBox*>(editor);
	comboBox->setCurrentText(str);
}

void QWComboBoxDelegate::setModelData(QWidget *editor, QAbstractItemModel *model, const QModelIndex &index) const
{
	QComboBox *comboBox = static_cast<QComboBox*>(editor);

	QString str = comboBox->currentText();

	model->setData(index, str, Qt::EditRole);
}

void QWComboBoxDelegate::updateEditorGeometry(QWidget *editor,
	const QStyleOptionViewItem &option, const QModelIndex &index) const
{
	Q_UNUSED(index);
	editor->setGeometry(option.rect);
}

添加 Qt Class “QWFloatSpinDelegate”

QWFloatSpinDelegate.h 文件

#pragma once

#include <QStyledItemDelegate>

class QWFloatSpinDelegate : public QStyledItemDelegate
{
	Q_OBJECT

public:
	QWFloatSpinDelegate(QObject *parent=0);
	~QWFloatSpinDelegate();

	//自定义代理组件必须继承以下4个函数
	//创建编辑组件
	QWidget *createEditor(QWidget *parent, const QStyleOptionViewItem &option,
		const QModelIndex &index) const Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

	void setEditorData(QWidget *editor, const QModelIndex &index) const Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

	void setModelData(QWidget *editor, QAbstractItemModel *model,
		const QModelIndex &index) const Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

	void updateEditorGeometry(QWidget *editor, const QStyleOptionViewItem &option,
		const QModelIndex &index) const Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;
};

QWFloatSpinDelegate.cpp 文件

#include "QWFloatSpinDelegate.h"

#include  <QDoubleSpinBox>


//解决QT中中文显示乱码问题
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")

QWFloatSpinDelegate::QWFloatSpinDelegate(QObject *parent)
	: QStyledItemDelegate(parent)
{
}

QWFloatSpinDelegate::~QWFloatSpinDelegate()
{
}

QWidget *QWFloatSpinDelegate::createEditor(QWidget *parent,
	const QStyleOptionViewItem &option, const QModelIndex &index) const
{
	Q_UNUSED(option);
	Q_UNUSED(index);

	QDoubleSpinBox *editor = new QDoubleSpinBox(parent);
	editor->setFrame(false);
	editor->setMinimum(0);
	editor->setDecimals(2);
	editor->setMaximum(10000);

	return editor;
}

void QWFloatSpinDelegate::setEditorData(QWidget *editor,
	const QModelIndex &index) const
{
	float value = index.model()->data(index, Qt::EditRole).toFloat();
	QDoubleSpinBox *spinBox = static_cast<QDoubleSpinBox*>(editor);
	spinBox->setValue(value);
}

void QWFloatSpinDelegate::setModelData(QWidget *editor, QAbstractItemModel *model, const QModelIndex &index) const
{
	QDoubleSpinBox *spinBox = static_cast<QDoubleSpinBox*>(editor);
	spinBox->interpretText();
	float value = spinBox->value();
	QString str = QString::asprintf("%.2f", value);

	model->setData(index, str, Qt::EditRole);
}

void QWFloatSpinDelegate::updateEditorGeometry(QWidget *editor, const QStyleOptionViewItem &option, const QModelIndex &index) const
{
	Q_UNUSED(index);

	editor->setGeometry(option.rect);
}

添加 Qt Class “QWIntSpinDelegate”

QWIntSpinDelegate.h 文件

#pragma once

#include <QStyledItemDelegate>

class QWIntSpinDelegate : public QStyledItemDelegate
{
	Q_OBJECT

public:
	QWIntSpinDelegate(QObject *parent=0);
	~QWIntSpinDelegate();

	//自定义代理组件必须继承以下4个函数
	//创建编辑组件
	QWidget *createEditor(QWidget *parent, const QStyleOptionViewItem &option,
		const QModelIndex &index) const Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

	//从数据模型获取数据，显示到代理组件中
	void setEditorData(QWidget *editor, const QModelIndex &index) const Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

	//将代理组件的数据，保存到数据模型中
	void setModelData(QWidget *editor, QAbstractItemModel *model,
		const QModelIndex &index) const Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;

	//更新代理编辑组件的大小
	void updateEditorGeometry(QWidget *editor, const QStyleOptionViewItem &option,
		const QModelIndex &index) const Q_DECL_OVERRIDE;
};

QWIntSpinDelegate.cpp 文件

#include "QWIntSpinDelegate.h"

#include    <QSpinBox>

//解决QT中中文显示乱码问题
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")

QWIntSpinDelegate::QWIntSpinDelegate(QObject *parent)
	: QStyledItemDelegate(parent)
{
}

QWIntSpinDelegate::~QWIntSpinDelegate()
{
}

//创建代理编辑组件
QWidget *QWIntSpinDelegate::createEditor(QWidget *parent,
	const QStyleOptionViewItem &option, const QModelIndex &index) const
{
	Q_UNUSED(option);
	Q_UNUSED(index);

	QSpinBox *editor = new QSpinBox(parent); //创建一个QSpinBox
	editor->setFrame(false); //设置为无边框
	editor->setMinimum(0);
	editor->setMaximum(10000);

	return editor;  //返回此编辑器
}

//从数据模型获取数据，显示到代理组件中
void QWIntSpinDelegate::setEditorData(QWidget *editor,
	const QModelIndex &index) const
{
	//获取数据模型的模型索引指向的单元的数据
	int value = index.model()->data(index, Qt::EditRole).toInt();
	QSpinBox *spinBox = static_cast<QSpinBox*>(editor);  //强制类型转换
	spinBox->setValue(value); //设置编辑器的数值
}

//将代理组件的数据，保存到数据模型中
void QWIntSpinDelegate::setModelData(QWidget *editor, QAbstractItemModel *model, const QModelIndex &index) const
{
	QSpinBox *spinBox = static_cast<QSpinBox*>(editor); //强制类型转换
	spinBox->interpretText(); //解释数据，如果数据被修改后，就触发信号
	int value = spinBox->value(); //获取spinBox的值

	model->setData(index, value, Qt::EditRole); //更新到数据模型
}

//设置组件大小
void QWIntSpinDelegate::updateEditorGeometry(QWidget *editor, const QStyleOptionViewItem &option, const QModelIndex &index) const
{ 
	Q_UNUSED(index);
	editor->setGeometry(option.rect);
}

sample7_2binFile.h 文件

#pragma once

#include <QtWidgets/QMainWindow>
#include "ui_sample7_2binFile.h"

#include    <QLabel>
#include    <QStandardItemModel>
#include    <QItemSelectionModel>

#include    "QWintspindelegate.h"
#include    "QWfloatspindelegate.h"
#include    "QWComboBoxDelegate.h"


#define  FixedColumnCount   6  //文件固定6行

class sample7_2binFile : public QMainWindow
{
	Q_OBJECT

public:
	sample7_2binFile(QWidget *parent = Q_NULLPTR);

private:
	Ui::sample7_2binFileClass ui;

private:
	//用于状态栏的信息显示
	QLabel  *LabCellPos; //当前单元格行列号
	QLabel  *LabCellText;//当前单元格内容

	QWIntSpinDelegate    intSpinDelegate;  //整型数
	QWFloatSpinDelegate  floatSpinDelegate;//浮点数
	QWComboBoxDelegate   comboBoxDelegate; //列表选择

	QStandardItemModel  *theModel;    //数据模型
	QItemSelectionModel *theSelection;//Item选择模型

	void resetTable(int aRowCount);  //表格复位，设定行数
	bool saveDataAsStream(QString& aFileName);//将数据保存为数据流文件
	bool openDataAsStream(QString& aFileName);//读取数据流文件
		 
	bool saveBinaryFile(QString& aFileName);//保存为二进制文件
	bool openBinaryFile(QString& aFileName);//打开二进制文件

private slots:
	void on_currentChanged(const QModelIndex &current, const QModelIndex &previous);

	void on_actOpen_triggered();//打开文件

	void on_actAppend_triggered();//添加行

	void on_actInsert_triggered();//插入行

	void on_actDelete_triggered();//删除行

	void on_actSave_triggered();//保存文件

	void on_actAlignCenter_triggered();//居中对齐

	void on_actFontBold_triggered(bool checked);//字体粗体设置

	void on_actAlignLeft_triggered();//左对齐

	void on_actAlignRight_triggered();//右对齐

	void on_actTabReset_triggered();//表格复位

	void on_actSaveBin_triggered();//保存为自编码二进制文件

	void on_actOpenBin_triggered();//打开自编码二进制文件
	
	void on_actExit_triggered();//退出

};

sample7_2binFile.cpp 文件

#include "sample7_2binFile.h"

#include    <QFileDialog>
#include    <QDataStream>
#include    <QMessageBox>

//解决QT中中文显示乱码问题
#pragma execution_character_set("utf-8")

sample7_2binFile::sample7_2binFile(QWidget *parent)
	: QMainWindow(parent)
{
	ui.setupUi(this);


	theModel = new QStandardItemModel(5, FixedColumnCount, this); //创建数据模型
	QStringList     headerList;
	headerList << "Depth" << "Measured Depth" << "Direction" << "Offset" << "Quality" << "Sampled";
	theModel->setHorizontalHeaderLabels(headerList); //设置表头文字

	theSelection = new QItemSelectionModel(theModel);//Item选择模型
	connect(theSelection, SIGNAL(currentChanged(QModelIndex, QModelIndex)),
		this, SLOT(on_currentChanged(QModelIndex, QModelIndex)));

	//为tableView设置数据模型
	ui.tableView->setModel(theModel); //设置数据模型
	ui.tableView->setSelectionModel(theSelection);//设置选择模型

	//为各列设置自定义代理组件
	ui.tableView->setItemDelegateForColumn(0, &intSpinDelegate);  //测深，整数
	ui.tableView->setItemDelegateForColumn(1, &floatSpinDelegate);  //浮点数
	ui.tableView->setItemDelegateForColumn(2, &floatSpinDelegate); //浮点数
	ui.tableView->setItemDelegateForColumn(3, &floatSpinDelegate); //浮点数
	ui.tableView->setItemDelegateForColumn(4, &comboBoxDelegate); //Combbox选择型


	resetTable(5); //表格复位

	setCentralWidget(ui.tabWidget); //

	//创建状态栏组件
	LabCellPos = new QLabel("当前单元格：", this);
	LabCellPos->setMinimumWidth(180);
	LabCellPos->setAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter);

	LabCellText = new QLabel("单元格内容：", this);
	LabCellText->setMinimumWidth(200);

	ui.statusBar->addWidget(LabCellPos);
	ui.statusBar->addWidget(LabCellText);
}


//表格复位，先删除所有行，再设置新的行数，表头不变
void sample7_2binFile::resetTable(int aRowCount)
{
	//QStringList     headerList;
	//headerList<<"测深(m)"<<"垂深(m)"<<"方位(°)"<<"总位移(m)"<<"固井质量"<<"测井取样";
	//theModel->setHorizontalHeaderLabels(headerList);//设置表头文字

	theModel->removeRows(0, theModel->rowCount());//删除所有行
	theModel->setRowCount(aRowCount);//设置新的行数

	QString str = theModel->headerData(theModel->columnCount() - 1,
		Qt::Horizontal, Qt::DisplayRole).toString();

	for (int i = 0; i < theModel->rowCount(); i++)
	{ //设置最后一列
		QModelIndex index = theModel->index(i, FixedColumnCount - 1);//获取模型索引
		QStandardItem* aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(index);//获取item
		aItem->setCheckable(true);
		aItem->setData(str, Qt::DisplayRole);
		aItem->setEditable(false);//不可编辑
	}
}

//将模型数据保存为Qt预定义编码的数据文件
bool sample7_2binFile::saveDataAsStream(QString &aFileName)
{
	QFile aFile(aFileName);  //以文件方式读出
	if (!(aFile.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly | QIODevice::Truncate)))
		return false;

	QDataStream aStream(&aFile);
	aStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_8); //设置版本号，写入和读取的版本号要兼容

	qint16  rowCount = theModel->rowCount(); //数据模型行数
	qint16  colCount = theModel->columnCount(); //数据模型列数

	aStream << rowCount; //写入文件流，行数
	aStream << colCount;//写入文件流，列数

	//获取表头文字
	for (int i = 0; i < theModel->columnCount(); i++)
	{
		QString str = theModel->horizontalHeaderItem(i)->text();//获取表头文字
		aStream << str; //字符串写入文件流，Qt预定义编码方式
	}

	//获取数据区的数据
	for (int i = 0; i < theModel->rowCount(); i++)
	{
		QStandardItem* aItem = theModel->item(i, 0); //测深
		qint16 ceShen = aItem->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toInt();
		aStream << ceShen;// 写入文件流，qint16

		aItem = theModel->item(i, 1); //垂深
		qreal chuiShen = aItem->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toFloat();
		aStream << chuiShen;//写入文件流， qreal

		aItem = theModel->item(i, 2); //方位
		qreal fangWei = aItem->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toFloat();
		aStream << fangWei;//写入文件流， qreal

		aItem = theModel->item(i, 3); //位移
		qreal weiYi = aItem->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toFloat();
		aStream << weiYi;//写入文件流， qreal

		aItem = theModel->item(i, 4); //固井质量
		QString zhiLiang = aItem->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toString();
		aStream << zhiLiang;// 写入文件流，字符串

		aItem = theModel->item(i, 5); //测井
		bool quYang = (aItem->checkState() == Qt::Checked);
		aStream << quYang;// 写入文件流，bool型
	}
	aFile.close();

	return true;
}

//从Qt预定义流文件读入数据
bool sample7_2binFile::openDataAsStream(QString &aFileName)
{
	QFile aFile(aFileName);  //以文件方式读出
	if (!(aFile.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly)))
		return false;

	QDataStream aStream(&aFile); //用文本流读取文件
	aStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_8); //设置流文件版本号

	qint16  rowCount, colCount;
	aStream >> rowCount; //读取行数
	aStream >> colCount; //列数

	this->resetTable(rowCount); //表格复位

	//获取表头文字
	QString str;
	for (int i = 0; i < colCount; i++)
		aStream >> str;  //读取表头字符串

	//获取数据区文字，
	qint16  ceShen;
	qreal  chuiShen;
	qreal  fangWei;
	qreal  weiYi;
	QString  zhiLiang;
	bool    quYang;
	QStandardItem   *aItem;
	QModelIndex index;

	for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
	{
		aStream >> ceShen;//读取测深, qint16
		index = theModel->index(i, 0);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(index);
		aItem->setData(ceShen, Qt::DisplayRole);

		aStream >> chuiShen;//垂深,qreal
		index = theModel->index(i, 1);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(index);
		aItem->setData(chuiShen, Qt::DisplayRole);


		aStream >> fangWei;//方位,qreal
		index = theModel->index(i, 2);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(index);
		aItem->setData(fangWei, Qt::DisplayRole);


		aStream >> weiYi;//位移,qreal
		index = theModel->index(i, 3);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(index);
		aItem->setData(weiYi, Qt::DisplayRole);


		aStream >> zhiLiang;//固井质量,QString
		index = theModel->index(i, 4);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(index);
		aItem->setData(zhiLiang, Qt::DisplayRole);

		aStream >> quYang;//bool
		index = theModel->index(i, 5);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(index);
		if (quYang)
			aItem->setCheckState(Qt::Checked);
		else
			aItem->setCheckState(Qt::Unchecked);
	}

	aFile.close();

	return true;
}

//保存为纯二进制文件
bool sample7_2binFile::saveBinaryFile(QString &aFileName)
{
	QFile aFile(aFileName);  //以文件方式读出
	if (!(aFile.open(QIODevice::WriteOnly)))
		return false;

	QDataStream aStream(&aFile); //用文本流读取文件
	//    aStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_9); //无需设置数据流的版本
	aStream.setByteOrder(QDataStream::LittleEndian);//windows平台
	//    aStream.setByteOrder(QDataStream::BigEndian);//QDataStream::LittleEndian

	qint16  rowCount = theModel->rowCount();
	qint16  colCount = theModel->columnCount();

	aStream.writeRawData((char *)&rowCount, sizeof(qint16)); //写入文件流
	aStream.writeRawData((char *)&colCount, sizeof(qint16));//写入文件流


	//获取表头文字
	QByteArray  btArray;
	QStandardItem   *aItem;
	for (int i = 0; i < theModel->columnCount(); i++)
	{
		aItem = theModel->horizontalHeaderItem(i); //获取表头item
		QString str = aItem->text(); //获取表头文字
		btArray = str.toUtf8(); //转换为字符数组
		aStream.writeBytes(btArray, btArray.length()); //写入文件流,长度uint型，然后是字符串内容
	}

	//获取数据区文字，
	qint8   yes = 1, no = 0; //分别代表逻辑值 true和false
	for (int i = 0; i < theModel->rowCount(); i++)
	{
		aItem = theModel->item(i, 0); //测深
		qint16 ceShen = aItem->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toInt();//qint16类型
		aStream.writeRawData((char *)&ceShen, sizeof(qint16));//写入文件流

		aItem = theModel->item(i, 1); //垂深
		qreal chuiShen = aItem->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toFloat();//qreal 类型
		aStream.writeRawData((char *)&chuiShen, sizeof(qreal));//写入文件流

		aItem = theModel->item(i, 2); //方位
		qreal fangWei = aItem->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toFloat();
		aStream.writeRawData((char *)&fangWei, sizeof(qreal));

		aItem = theModel->item(i, 3); //位移
		qreal weiYi = aItem->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toFloat();
		aStream.writeRawData((char *)&weiYi, sizeof(qreal));

		aItem = theModel->item(i, 4); //固井质量  
		QString zhiLiang = aItem->data(Qt::DisplayRole).toString();
		btArray = zhiLiang.toUtf8();      
		aStream.writeBytes(btArray, btArray.length()); //写入长度,uint，然后是字符串
		//aStream.writeRawData(btArray,btArray.length());//对于字符串，应使用writeBytes()函数

		aItem = theModel->item(i, 5); //测井取样
		bool quYang = (aItem->checkState() == Qt::Checked); //true or false
		if (quYang)
			aStream.writeRawData((char *)&yes, sizeof(qint8));
		else
			aStream.writeRawData((char *)&no, sizeof(qint8));
	}
	aFile.close();

	return true;
}

//打开二进制文件
bool sample7_2binFile::openBinaryFile(QString &aFileName)
{
	QFile aFile(aFileName);  //以文件方式读出
	if (!(aFile.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly)))
		return false;

	QDataStream aStream(&aFile); //用文本流读取文件
	//    aStream.setVersion(QDataStream::Qt_5_9); //设置数据流的版本
	aStream.setByteOrder(QDataStream::LittleEndian);
	//    aStream.setByteOrder(QDataStream::BigEndian);

	qint16  rowCount, colCount;
	aStream.readRawData((char *)&rowCount, sizeof(qint16));
	aStream.readRawData((char *)&colCount, sizeof(qint16));

	this->resetTable(rowCount);


	//获取表头文字,但是并不利用
	char *buf;
	uint strLen;  //也就是 quint32
	for (int i = 0; i < colCount; i++)
	{
		aStream.readBytes(buf, strLen);//同时读取字符串长度，和字符串内容
		QString str = QString::fromLocal8Bit(buf, strLen); //可处理汉字
	}

	//获取数据区数据
	QStandardItem   *aItem;

	qint16  ceShen;
	qreal  chuiShen;
	qreal  fangWei;
	qreal  weiYi;
	QString  zhiLiang;
	qint8   quYang; //分别代表逻辑值 true和false
	QModelIndex index;

	for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
	{
		aStream.readRawData((char *)&ceShen, sizeof(qint16)); //测深
		index = theModel->index(i, 0);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(index);
		aItem->setData(ceShen, Qt::DisplayRole);

		aStream.readRawData((char *)&chuiShen, sizeof(qreal)); //垂深
		index = theModel->index(i, 1);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(index);
		aItem->setData(chuiShen, Qt::DisplayRole);

		aStream.readRawData((char *)&fangWei, sizeof(qreal)); //方位
		index = theModel->index(i, 2);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(index);
		aItem->setData(fangWei, Qt::DisplayRole);

		aStream.readRawData((char *)&weiYi, sizeof(qreal)); //位移
		index = theModel->index(i, 3);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(index);
		aItem->setData(weiYi, Qt::DisplayRole);

		aStream.readBytes(buf, strLen);//固井质量
		zhiLiang = QString::fromLocal8Bit(buf, strLen);
		index = theModel->index(i, 4);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(index);
		aItem->setData(zhiLiang, Qt::DisplayRole);

		aStream.readRawData((char *)&quYang, sizeof(qint8)); //测井取样
		index = theModel->index(i, 5);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(index);
		if (quYang == 1)
			aItem->setCheckState(Qt::Checked);
		else
			aItem->setCheckState(Qt::Unchecked);
	}
	aFile.close();

	return true;
}

void sample7_2binFile::on_currentChanged(const QModelIndex &current, const QModelIndex &previous)
{
	Q_UNUSED(previous);
	if (current.isValid())
	{
		LabCellPos->setText(QString::asprintf("当前单元格：%d行，%d列",
			current.row(), current.column()));
		QStandardItem   *aItem;
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(current); //从模型索引获得Item
		this->LabCellText->setText("单元格内容：" + aItem->text());

		QFont   font = aItem->font();
		//ui.actFontBold->setChecked(font.bold());
	}
}

void sample7_2binFile::on_actOpen_triggered()
{
	QString curPath = QDir::currentPath();
	//调用打开文件对话框打开一个文件
	QString aFileName = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this, tr("打开一个文件"), curPath,
		"流数据文件(*.stm)");

	if (aFileName.isEmpty())
		return; //

	if (openDataAsStream(aFileName)) //保存为流数据文件
		QMessageBox::information(this, "提示消息", "文件已经打开!");
}

//添加行
void sample7_2binFile::on_actAppend_triggered()
{
	QList<QStandardItem*>    aItemList; //容器类
	QStandardItem   *aItem;
	QString str;
	for (int i = 0; i < FixedColumnCount - 2; i++)
	{
		aItem = new QStandardItem("0"); //创建Item
		aItemList << aItem;   //添加到容器
	}
	aItem = new QStandardItem("优"); //创建Item
	aItemList << aItem;   //添加到容器

	str = theModel->headerData(theModel->columnCount() - 1, Qt::Horizontal, Qt::DisplayRole).toString();
	aItem = new QStandardItem(str); //创建Item
	aItem->setCheckable(true);
	aItem->setEditable(false);
	aItemList << aItem;   //添加到容器

	theModel->insertRow(theModel->rowCount(), aItemList); //插入一行，需要每个Cell的Item
	QModelIndex curIndex = theModel->index(theModel->rowCount() - 1, 0);//创建最后一行的ModelIndex
	theSelection->clearSelection();
	theSelection->setCurrentIndex(curIndex, QItemSelectionModel::Select);
}

//插入行
void sample7_2binFile::on_actInsert_triggered()
{
	QList<QStandardItem*>    aItemList;  //QStandardItem的容器类
	QStandardItem   *aItem;
	QString str;
	for (int i = 0; i < FixedColumnCount - 2; i++)
	{
		aItem = new QStandardItem("0"); //新建一个QStandardItem
		aItemList << aItem;//添加到容器类
	}
	aItem = new QStandardItem("优"); //新建一个QStandardItem
	aItemList << aItem;//添加到容器类

	str = theModel->headerData(theModel->columnCount() - 1, Qt::Horizontal, Qt::DisplayRole).toString();
	aItem = new QStandardItem(str); //创建Item
	aItem->setCheckable(true);
	aItem->setEditable(false);
	aItemList << aItem;//添加到容器类
	QModelIndex curIndex = theSelection->currentIndex();
	theModel->insertRow(curIndex.row(), aItemList);
	theSelection->clearSelection();
	theSelection->setCurrentIndex(curIndex, QItemSelectionModel::Select);
}

//删除行
void sample7_2binFile::on_actDelete_triggered()
{
	QModelIndex curIndex = theSelection->currentIndex();
	if (curIndex.row() == theModel->rowCount() - 1)//(curIndex.isValid())
		theModel->removeRow(curIndex.row());
	else
	{
		theModel->removeRow(curIndex.row());
		theSelection->setCurrentIndex(curIndex, QItemSelectionModel::Select);
	}
}

//以Qt预定义编码保存数据文件
void sample7_2binFile::on_actSave_triggered()
{ 
	QString curPath = QDir::currentPath();
	QString aFileName = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(this, tr("选择保存文件"), curPath,
		"Qt预定义编码数据文件(*.stm)");

	if (aFileName.isEmpty())
		return; //

	if (saveDataAsStream(aFileName)) //保存为流数据文件
		QMessageBox::information(this, "提示消息", "文件已经成功保存!");
}

void sample7_2binFile::on_actAlignCenter_triggered()
{
	if (!theSelection->hasSelection())
		return;

	QModelIndexList selectedIndix = theSelection->selectedIndexes();

	QModelIndex aIndex;
	QStandardItem   *aItem;

	for (int i = 0; i < selectedIndix.count(); i++)
	{
		aIndex = selectedIndix.at(i);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(aIndex);
		aItem->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignHCenter);
	}
}

void sample7_2binFile::on_actFontBold_triggered(bool checked)
{
	if (!theSelection->hasSelection())
		return;

	QModelIndexList selectedIndix = theSelection->selectedIndexes();

	QModelIndex aIndex;
	QStandardItem   *aItem;
	QFont   font;

	for (int i = 0; i < selectedIndix.count(); i++)
	{
		aIndex = selectedIndix.at(i);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(aIndex);
		font = aItem->font();
		font.setBold(checked);
		aItem->setFont(font);
	}

}

void sample7_2binFile::on_actAlignLeft_triggered()
{
	if (!theSelection->hasSelection())
		return;

	QModelIndexList selectedIndix = theSelection->selectedIndexes();

	QModelIndex aIndex;
	QStandardItem   *aItem;

	for (int i = 0; i < selectedIndix.count(); i++)
	{
		aIndex = selectedIndix.at(i);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(aIndex);
		aItem->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignLeft);
	}
}

void sample7_2binFile::on_actAlignRight_triggered()
{
	if (!theSelection->hasSelection())
		return;

	QModelIndexList selectedIndix = theSelection->selectedIndexes();

	QModelIndex aIndex;
	QStandardItem   *aItem;

	for (int i = 0; i < selectedIndix.count(); i++)
	{
		aIndex = selectedIndix.at(i);
		aItem = theModel->itemFromIndex(aIndex);
		aItem->setTextAlignment(Qt::AlignRight);
	}
}

//表格复位
void sample7_2binFile::on_actTabReset_triggered()
{
	resetTable(10);
}

//保存二进制文件
void sample7_2binFile::on_actSaveBin_triggered()
{
	QString curPath = QDir::currentPath();
	//调用打开文件对话框选择一个文件
	QString aFileName = QFileDialog::getSaveFileName(this, tr("选择保存文件"), curPath,
		"二进制数据文件(*.dat)");
	if (aFileName.isEmpty())
		return; //

	if (saveBinaryFile(aFileName)) //保存为流数据文件
		QMessageBox::information(this, "提示消息", "文件已经成功保存!");
}

//打开二进制文件
void sample7_2binFile::on_actOpenBin_triggered()
{
	QString curPath = QDir::currentPath();//系统当前目录
	QString aFileName = QFileDialog::getOpenFileName(this, tr("打开一个文件"), curPath,
		"二进制数据文件(*.dat)");
	if (aFileName.isEmpty())
		return; //

	if (openBinaryFile(aFileName)) //保存为流数据文件
	{
		QMessageBox::information(this, "提示消息", "文件已经打开!");
	}
}


//退出
void sample7_2binFile::on_actExit_triggered()
{
	this->close();
}

main.ccp 文件

#include "sample7_2binFile.h"
#include <QtWidgets/QApplication>

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
	QApplication a(argc, argv);
	sample7_2binFile w;

	w.show();
	return a.exec();
}

运行结果：

《Qt5/6 C++开发指南》