tomcat简单实现（how tomcat work第一章内容）

       学习tomcat的时候，我们只是编写一个实现Servlet（间接实现）简单的java类。但是容器却能把他变成一个服务，在这之前他还是一个普通的类，并不能接受http请求。只有容器加载类并调用init方法才会把他变成一个真正的servlet，这时候他才能接受请求返回响应。

        那么容器究竟是怎么实现的呢，从上一篇文章我们利用socket编程实现了远程操作文件夹，同样的。tomcat也是封装了socket从而实现将servlet类变成servlet服务。只是最终的业务逻辑传到我们编写的servlet类来处理。下面我们来实现一个简单的web服务器，效果就是可以接受http请求并响应,先看效果图：网址中输入http:\\localhost:8080

后台打印信息，也就是请求信息

下面是源代码，共有三个类

HttServer：提供服务

Resquest：得到请求信息并解析

Response：返回信息（需要加入http响应头部，不然浏览器无法解析）

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

/**
 *我们的服务类，当运行这个类时会监听指定的端口
 */
public class HttpServer {

    // 关闭标识
    private static final String SHUTDOWN_COMMAND = "/SHUTDOWN";

    // 是否关闭监听，根据URI判定
    private boolean shutdown = false;

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        HttpServer server = new HttpServer();
        server.await();
    }

    public void await() {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
        int port = 8080;
        try {
            //监听本地8080端口
            serverSocket =  new ServerSocket(port, 1, InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            System.exit(1);
        }

        //死循环，监听端口
        while (!shutdown) {
            Socket socket = null;
            InputStream input = null;
            OutputStream output = null;
            try {
                socket = serverSocket.accept();
                input = socket.getInputStream();
                output = socket.getOutputStream();

                // 读取请求内容，包括http请求头，以及请求内容
                Request request = new Request(input);
                request.parse();

                // 做出响应
                Response response = new Response(output);
                response.setRequest(request);
                response.sendStaticResource();

                // 关闭socket
                socket.close();

                //检查是否要关闭监听
                shutdown = request.getUri().equals(SHUTDOWN_COMMAND);
            }
            catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                continue;
            }
        }
    }
}

import java.io.*;

/**
 * 解析请求内容
 */
public class Request {

    private InputStream input;
    private String uri;

    public Request(InputStream input) {
        this.input = input;
    }

    public void parse() {
        StringBuffer request = new StringBuffer(2048);
        int i;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
        try {
            i = input.read(buffer);
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            i = -1;
        }
        for (int j=0; j<i; j++) {
            request.append((char) buffer[j]);
        }
        System.out.println("请求信息"+request.toString());
        uri = parseUri(request.toString());
        System.out.println("URI"+uri);
    }

    private String parseUri(String requestString) {
        int index1, index2;
        index1 = requestString.indexOf(' ');
        if (index1 != -1) {
            index2 = requestString.indexOf(' ', index1 + 1);
            if (index2 > index1)
                return requestString.substring(index1 + 1, index2);
        }
        return null;
    }

    public String getUri() {
        return uri;
    }

}

import java.io.*;

/**
 * 响应类
 */
public class Response {

    private static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
    Request request;
    OutputStream output;

    public Response(OutputStream output) {
        this.output = output;
    }

    public void setRequest(Request request) {
        this.request = request;
    }

    public void sendStaticResource() throws IOException {
        byte[] bytes = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
        FileInputStream fis = null;
        try {
            //File file = new File(HttpServer.WEB_ROOT, request.getUri());
            System.out.println(request.getUri());
            File file = new File("F:\\howtomcatworks\\HowTomcatWorks\\webroot\\index.html");
            System.out.println("文件已找到");
            if (file.exists()) {
                String errorMessage = "HTTP/1.1 200 File Found\r\n" +
                        "Content-Type: text/html\r\n" +
                        "\r\n"+
                        "<h1>File Found</h1>";
                output.write(errorMessage.getBytes());
            }
            else {
                // file not found
                String errorMessage = "HTTP/1.1 404 File Not Found\r\n" +
                        "Content-Type: text/html\r\n" +
                        "Content-Length: 23\r\n" +
                        "\r\n" +
                        "<h1>File Not Found</h1>";
                output.write(errorMessage.getBytes());
            }
        }
        catch (Exception e) {
            // thrown if cannot instantiate a File object
            System.out.println(e.toString() );
        }
        finally {
            if (fis!=null)
                fis.close();
        }
    }
}