在hdfs中安装hive2.3时遇到的问题

hive2版本需要初始化

hadoop@master:/etc/mysql$ schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

会提示以下结果：

SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/apache-hive-2.3.2-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.6.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.3/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]
Metastore connection URL:    jdbc:mysql://localhost/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
Metastore Connection Driver :    com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Metastore connection User:   hive
Fri Apr 27 16:04:12 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
Starting metastore schema initialization to 2.3.0
Initialization script hive-schema-2.3.0.mysql.sql
Fri Apr 27 16:04:13 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
Initialization script completed
Fri Apr 27 16:04:14 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
schemaTool completed

输入hive 进入hive交互命令行：
使用hql语句时，会出现这们的提示：

FAILED: SemanticException org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient

修改配置文件即可，参考：hive常见问题解决干货大全

hadoop@master:/etc/mysql$ schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema

出现以下提示：

SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/apache-hive-2.3.2-bin/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.6.2.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/home/hadoop/hadoop-2.8.3/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]
Metastore connection URL:    jdbc:mysql://localhost/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true
Metastore Connection Driver :    com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
Metastore connection User:   hive
Sat Apr 28 10:11:30 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
Starting metastore schema initialization to 2.3.0
Initialization script hive-schema-2.3.0.mysql.sql
Sat Apr 28 10:11:30 CST 2018 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
Error: Duplicate key name 'PCS_STATS_IDX' (state=42000,code=1061)
org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaException: Schema initialization FAILED! Metastore state would be inconsistent !!
Underlying cause: java.io.IOException : Schema script failed, errorcode 2
Use --verbose for detailed stacktrace.

执行join语句时遇到的错误

hive命令行中，可以查询某个表，但在使用join时，遇到以下错误：

hive (yj)> select students.*,sc.* from students left outer join sc on (students.Sno =sc.Sno);
WARNING: Hive-on-MR is deprecated in Hive 2 and may not be available in the future versions. Consider using a different execution engine (i.e. spark, tez) or using Hive 1.X releases.
Query ID = hadoop_20180428164135_3681b9ee-4987-4b25-8f0a-877f41dab740
Total jobs = 1
FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapredLocalTask

这个问题是hive进行map join 而机器内存不够导致的。
map join会把join中的小表读到内存中，然后再对比较大的表格进行map操作。join就发生在map操作的时候，每当扫描一个大的table中的数据，就要去去查看小表的数据，哪条与之相符，继而进行连接。这里的join并不会涉及reduce操作。map端join的优势就是在于没有shuffle。
修改这个文件下的参数可以把map join 关闭，使用common join

在$HIVE_HOME/conf/hive-site.xml中修改配置属性：

<property>
<name>hive.auto.convert.join</name>
<value>false</value>//true修改为false
<description>Enables the optimization about converting common join into mapjoin</description>
</property>

这样就可以解决问题了。
参考文章