python笔记（四十一）pygame（8） 碰撞检测

一.自己写的函数

import pygame
import sys
import math
from random import *


# 动画精灵就是一个带有图像和位置数据的对象
# 我们这里继承他，主要调用一个初始化函数
class Ball(pygame.sprite.Sprite):  # 继承动画精灵基类

    # 调用动画精灵的初始化函数
    def __init__(self,image,position,speed,bg_size):  
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)

        self.image = pygame.image.load(image).convert_alpha()
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.left, self.rect.top = position
        self.speed = speed
        self.width, self.height = bg_size[0], bg_size[1]

    def move(self):
        self.rect = self.rect.move(self.speed)

        if self.rect.right < 0:
            self.rect.left = self.width

        elif self.rect.left > self.width:
            self.rect.right = 0

        elif self.rect.bottom < 0:
            self.rect.top = self.height

        elif self.rect.top > self.height:
            self.rect.bottom = 0

# 碰撞检测
def collide_check(item, target):
    col_balls = []
    for each in target:
        distance = math.sqrt(\
            math.pow((item.rect.center[0] - each.rect.center[0]), 2) + \
            math.pow((item.rect.center[1] - each.rect.center[1]), 2))
        if distance <= (item.rect.width + each.rect.width) / 2:
            col_balls.append(each)

    return col_balls
    
def main():
    pygame.init()

    ball_image = "gray_ball.png"
    bg_image = "background.png"

    # 如果点击暂停 可以结束循环
    running = True

    bg_size = width, height = 1024,681
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode(bg_size)
    pygame.display.set_caption("玩个球")

    background = pygame.image.load(bg_image).convert_alpha()

    # 存放小球对象的列表
    balls = []

    # 创建5个球
    BALL_NUM = 5
    for i in range(BALL_NUM):
        position = randint(0, width-100), randint(0, height-100)
        speed = [randint(-10, 10), randint(-10, 10)]
        ball = Ball(ball_image,position,speed,bg_size)

        # 防止出生就重叠,每新建一个就和之前的检测，如果有的话，就重新赋值坐标
        while collide_check(ball, balls):
            ball.rect.left, ball.rect.top = randint(0, width-100), randint(0, height-100)

        balls.append(ball)

    clock = pygame.time.Clock()

    while running:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                sys.exit()

        screen.blit(background,(0, 0))

        for each in balls:
            each.move()
            screen.blit(each.image,each.rect)

        # 检测碰撞
        for i in range(BALL_NUM):
            # 获得碰撞小球
            item = balls.pop(i)

            # 如果列表有内容
            if collide_check(item, balls):
                item.speed[0] = -item.speed[0]
                item.speed[1] = -item.speed[1]
                
            # 返还小球
            balls.insert(i, item)
        

        pygame.display.flip()
        clock.tick(30)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
            

        

二.调用动画精灵自带函数

import pygame
import sys
import math
from random import *


# 动画精灵就是一个带有图像和位置数据的对象
# 我们这里继承他，主要调用一个初始化函数
class Ball(pygame.sprite.Sprite):  # 继承动画精灵基类

    # 调用动画精灵的初始化函数
    def __init__(self,image,position,speed,bg_size):  
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)

        self.image = pygame.image.load(image).convert_alpha()
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.left, self.rect.top = position
        self.speed = speed
        self.width, self.height = bg_size[0], bg_size[1]
        self.radius = self.rect.width / 2

    def move(self):
        self.rect = self.rect.move(self.speed)

        if self.rect.right < 0:
            self.rect.left = self.width

        elif self.rect.left > self.width:
            self.rect.right = 0

        elif self.rect.bottom < 0:
            self.rect.top = self.height

        elif self.rect.top > self.height:
            self.rect.bottom = 0

def main():
    pygame.init()

    ball_image = "gray_ball.png"
    bg_image = "background.png"

    # 如果点击暂停 可以结束循环
    running = True

    bg_size = width, height = 1024,681
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode(bg_size)
    pygame.display.set_caption("玩个球")

    background = pygame.image.load(bg_image).convert_alpha()

    # 添加精灵组
    group = pygame.sprite.Group()

    # 创建5个球
    BALL_NUM = 5
    for i in range(BALL_NUM):
        position = randint(0, width-100), randint(0, height-100)
        speed = [randint(-10, 10), randint(-10, 10)]
        ball = Ball(ball_image,position,speed,bg_size)

        # 防止出生就重叠,每新建一个就和之前的检测，如果有的话，就重新赋值坐标
        while pygame.sprite.spritecollide(ball, group, False, pygame.sprite.collide_circle):
            ball.rect.left, ball.rect.top = randint(0, width-100), randint(0, height-100)

        group.add(ball)

    clock = pygame.time.Clock()

    while running:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                sys.exit()

        screen.blit(background,(0, 0))

        for each in group:
            each.move()
            screen.blit(each.image,each.rect)
        

        for each in group:
            group.remove(each)

            if pygame.sprite.spritecollide(each, group, False, pygame.sprite.collide_circle):
                each.speed[0] = -each.speed[0]
                each.speed[1] = -each.speed[1]

            group.add(each)
            
        pygame.display.flip()
        clock.tick(30)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
            

        

函数pygame.sprite.spritecollide(ball, group, False, pygame.sprite.collide_circle):就是用来进行边界检测的
第一个参数是对象
第二个是精灵组
第三个是确定是否在碰撞之后删除这个对象 ，false是不删除，true是删除
第四个是这个对象的边界确定，默认是rect属性，这里用的是检测圆的边界，因此在类的对象要定义一个半径self.radius = self.rect.width / 2