C++检查内存泄露

说明，我使用的ide是vs2008

1. 工程设置为debug

内存泄露的检测一般在debug模式下进行

2.在需要检查内存泄露的cpp头部加上

[cpp]  view plain copy

1. #ifdef  _DEBUG  
2.  #define _CRTDBG_MAP_ALLOC  
3.  #include <stdlib.h>  
4.  #include <crtdbg.h>  
5.     #define new   new(_NORMAL_BLOCK, __FILE__, __LINE__)  
6.  #endif  

3.代码中插入这么一句话

EnableMemLeakCheck();

[cpp]  view plain copy

1. inline void EnableMemLeakCheck()  
2.  {  
3.     _CrtSetDbgFlag(_CrtSetDbgFlag(_CRTDBG_REPORT_FLAG) | _CRTDBG_LEAK_CHECK_DF);  
4.  }  
5.    

4.然后就可以在输出中看泄露情况了

举个例子，例子中我用newEx表示的上述宏定义中的new

[cpp]  view plain copy

1. int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])  
2.  {  
3.     EnableMemLeakCheck();  
4.     int num = 10;  
5.     byte **p = newEx byte *[num];  
6.     for (int i = 0; i < num; i ++)  
7.     {  
8.         Sleep(1);  
9.         *p = newEx byte[i];  
10.     }  
11.    
12.     long *pl = newEx long[100];  
13.    
14.     while(1)  
15.     {  
16.         Sleep(100);  
17.     }  
18.     return 0;  
19.  }  

输出中显示的内容（debug下运行程序，然后点叉叉关闭程序）

memory leaks!
 Dumping objects ->
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(101) : {124} normal block at 0x00295CB8, 400 bytes long.
  Data: <                > CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : {122} normal block at 0x00294C30, 9 bytes long.
  Data: <         > CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : {121} normal block at 0x00294BE8, 8 bytes long.
  Data: <        > CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : {120} normal block at 0x00299F88, 7 bytes long.
  Data: <       > CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : {119} normal block at 0x00299F40, 6 bytes long.
  Data: <      > CD CD CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : {118} normal block at 0x00299EF8, 5 bytes long.
  Data: <     > CD CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : {117} normal block at 0x00299EB8, 4 bytes long.
  Data: <    > CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : {116} normal block at 0x00299E78, 3 bytes long.
  Data: <   > CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : {115} normal block at 0x00299E38, 2 bytes long.
  Data: <  > CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : {114} normal block at 0x00299DF8, 1 bytes long.
  Data: < > CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : {113} normal block at 0x00299DB8, 0 bytes long.
  Data: <> 励p
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(88) : {112} normal block at 0x00299D50, 40 bytes long.
  Data: <0L)             > 30 4C 29 00 CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 
 Object dump complete.

有文件名和行号，先申请的后释放。

扩展：

实际上是使用了另外的new，在dbgnew.cpp中，列一个例子说明：

[cpp]  view plain copy

1. void *__CRTDECL operator new[](  
2.          size_t cb,  
3.          int nBlockUse,  
4.          const char * szFileName,  
5.          int nLine  
6.          )  
7.          _THROW1(_STD bad_alloc)  
8.  {  
9.      void *res = operator new(cb, nBlockUse, szFileName, nLine );  
10.    
11.      RTCCALLBACK(_RTC_Allocate_hook, (res, cb, 0));  
12.    
13.      return res;  
14.  }  
15.    

注意，const char *szFileName可以使用__file__也可以使用自定义的类，经过重载为char*（感谢老马提供代码）

例如：

[cpp]  view plain copy

1. char new_index_recorder_file_name[1024 * 1024][256];  
2.    
3.    
4.    
5.  class new_index_recorder{  
6.    
7.  public:  
8.    
9.     new_index_recorder(char* file, int line) : file(file), line(line){  
10.    
11.    
12.    
13.     }   
14.    
15.     operator char*(){  
16.    
17.         static unsigned int index;  
18.    
19.         sprintf(new_index_recorder_file_name[index], "%s(%d) : %d ", file, line, index++);  
20.    
21.         return  new_index_recorder_file_name[index];  
22.    
23.     }  
24.    
25.  private:  
26.    
27.     char* file;  
28.    
29.     int line;   
30.    
31.  };  

当然，也可以用函数来返回char*指针

[cpp]  view plain copy

1. int g_count = 0;  
2.    
3.  class OperNew  
4.  {  
5.  public:  
6.     OperNew()  
7.     {     
8.         g_count ++;  
9.         pC = new char[20];  
10.         memset(pC, 0, 10);  
11.         sprintf(pC, "No.%d", g_count);  
12.     }  
13.     char* GetChar()  
14.     {  
15.         return pC;  
16.     }  
17.  private:  
18.     char * pC ;  
19.  };  

这样就能返回自定义的内容了。本次的返回加上了一个构造时候的序号，当然也可以添加时间等。结果如下：

e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(95) : 11 (95) : {123} normal block at 0x002B4C78, 400 bytes long.
  Data: <                > CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : 10 (92) : {122} normal block at 0x002B4C30, 9 bytes long.
  Data: <         > CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : 9 (92) : {121} normal block at 0x002B4BE8, 8 bytes long.
  Data: <        > CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : 8 (92) : {120} normal block at 0x002B9F88, 7 bytes long.
  Data: <       > CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : 7 (92) : {119} normal block at 0x002B9F40, 6 bytes long.
  Data: <      > CD CD CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : 6 (92) : {118} normal block at 0x002B9EF8, 5 bytes long.
  Data: <     > CD CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : 5 (92) : {117} normal block at 0x002B9EB8, 4 bytes long.
  Data: <    > CD CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : 4 (92) : {116} normal block at 0x002B9E78, 3 bytes long.
  Data: <   > CD CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : 3 (92) : {115} normal block at 0x002B9E38, 2 bytes long.
  Data: <  > CD CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : 2 (92) : {114} normal block at 0x002B9DF8, 1 bytes long.
  Data: < > CD 
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(92) : 1 (92) : {113} normal block at 0x002B9DB8, 0 bytes long.
  Data: <> h鴌
 e:\project\test\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak\test_mem_leak.cpp(88) : 0 (88) : {112} normal block at 0x002B9D50, 40 bytes long.
  Data: <0L+             > 30 4C 2B 00 CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD 
 Object dump complete.
 程序“[8796] test_MEM_LEAK.exe: 本机”已退出，返回值为 -1073741510 (0xc000013a)。

小提示：

将输出文件拷贝到UE中，然后查找泄露行号出现的次数，可以计算出泄露的数目。