基于TCP的socket编程步骤

原文网址：http://hi.baidu.com/miracletan2008/blog/item/34a921a96dec7abdca130c6e.html

很有条理的介绍socket步骤的文章！

2010年06月02日 星期三 10:27

基于TCP的socket编程步骤： A 服务器端： 1、 创建套接字； 使用socket() #include<sys/types.h> #include<sys/socket.h> int socket(int domain，int type，int protocol) 建立服务器端的socket套接字 2、 绑定套接字到一个IP地址和一个端口上； 使用bind() #include<sys/types.h> #include<sys/socket.h> int bind(int sockfd,struct sockaddr * myaddr,int addrlen)； 3、 将套接字设置为监听模式，以等待连接请求； 使用listen() #include<sys/socket,h> int listen(int sockfd，int backlog) 4、 请求到来后，接受连接请求，并返回一个与此次连接对应的套接字； 使用accept() #include<sys/socket.h> int accept(int sockfd，struct sockaddr * addr，int * addrlen) 此时新建连接，并创建新的Socket套接字，此时addr为客户端的addr信息。 5、 用返回的套接字和客户端进行通信； 使用recv()和send() int read(int fd，char * buf，int len) int write(int fd，char * buf，int len) 6、 关闭当前的连接，进入等待状态，继续等待客户端的连接； 使用close() #include<unistd.h> int close(int sockfd)； 7、 关闭服务器端的套接字描述符； 使用close() #include<unistd.h> int close(int sockfd)； B客户端： 1、 创建客户端套接字； 使用socket() #include<sys/types.h> #include<sys/socket.h> int socket(int domain，int type，int protocol) 2、 向服务器发出连接请求； 使用connect() #include<sys/types.h> #include<sys/socket.h> int connect（int sockfd，struct sockaddr * servaddr，int addrlen） 其中参数servaddr指定远程服务器的套接字地址，包括服务器的IP地址和端口号 3、 和服务器端进行网络通信； 使用recv()和send() int read(int fd，char * buf，int len) int write(int fd，char * buf，int len) 4、 关闭套接字； 使用close() #include<unistd.h> int close(int sockfd)； 简单的实现代码如下： C服务器端程序： //服务器端代码.......... #include<sys/socket.h> #include<stdio.h> #include<netdb.h> #include<netinet/in.h> #include<arpa/inet.h>                                                                                             #define MYPORT 8000 #define BACKLOG 10 int main(void) {          int sockfd,con_fd,numbytes,ret,pid;          struct sockaddr_in my_addr;          struct sockaddr_in their_addr;          int sin_size;          int lis;          char buf[256];                                                                                             socketing:          //creat socket.          sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);          if (sockfd==-1)          {                  printf("failed when creating\n");                  exit(-1);          }          //binding socket.          my_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;          my_addr.sin_port=htons(MYPORT);          my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr=INADDR_ANY;          bzero(&(my_addr.sin_zero),8);          ret=bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&my_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr));                                                                                                      if (ret==-1)          {                  printf("failed when binding\n");                  exit(-1);          }          //listen.          if (listen(sockfd,BACKLOG)==-1)          {                  printf("failed when listening\n");                  exit(-1);          }          printf("server listening...wait for connect...\n");          while (1)          {                  sin_size=sizeof(struct sockaddr);                  con_fd=accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr*)&their_addr,&sin_size);                  if (con_fd<0)                  {                          printf("failed when accepting\n");                          exit(-1);                  }                  //recv a string from client and print the string.                  if (recv(con_fd,buf,sizeof(buf),0)==-1)                  {                          printf("failed when receiving the string\n");                          exit(-1);                  }                  printf(" received form client...%s\n",buf);                  //send the buf string to client and print it.                  if (send(con_fd,&buf,sizeof(buf),0)==-1)                  {                          printf("failed when sending the string");                          exit(-1);                  }                  printf(" send to client...%s\n",buf);                  close(con_fd);          }                  close(sockfd);                  exit(0); } D客户端程序： //客户端程序： #include<sys/socket.h> #include<stdio.h> #include<netdb.h> #include<netinet/in.h> #include<arpa/inet.h>                                                                                        #define MYPORT 8000                                                                                        //local host //char * host_name="127.0.0.1";                                                                                        int main(int argc,char *argv[]) {          int sockfd,con_fd,numbytes,ret,pid;          struct sockaddr_in server_addr;          struct hostent *their_addr;          int sin_size;          int lis;          char buf[256];          char *str="Default test string.\n";          char *ip="192.192.192.190\n";          //if you input the new host ip after the command          //then change the default local host ip address.          if (argc<2)                  printf("default local host : 192.192.192.190 , or you can input one after the command.\n");          else          {                  ip=argv[1];                  printf("local host ip = %s\n",ip);          }                                                                                        socketing:          //creat socket.          server_addr.sin_family=AF_INET;          server_addr.sin_port=htons(MYPORT);          server_addr.sin_addr.s_addr=inet_addr(ip); //inet_addr(ip);          bzero(&(server_addr.sin_zero),8);          sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0);          if (sockfd==-10)          {                  printf("failed when creating\n");                  exit(-1);          }                                                                                                 //connect the server.          if (connect(sockfd,(void*)&server_addr,sizeof(server_addr))==-1)          {                  printf("failed when connecting\n");                  exit(-1);          }                                                                                                 //send the default string to server.          printf(" send to server...%s\n",str);          if (send(sockfd,str,strlen(str),0)==-1)          {                  printf("failed when sending\n");                  exit(-1);          }          //receive a string from server.          if (recv(sockfd,buf,sizeof(buf),0)==-1)          {                  printf("failed when receiving\n");                  exit(-1);          }                                                                                                 printf(" response from server...%s\n",buf);          close(sockfd); }