使用Collectors.toMap()报NullPointerException

使用Collectors.toMap()报NullPointerException

记录下最近工作中在使用 stream().collect(Collectors.toMap())出现的空指针问题

问题代码

@Test
public void test2() {
    List<Student> studentList =
        Stream.of(new Student("1", "张三"), new Student("2", null)).collect(Collectors.toList());
    Map<String, String> map =
        studentList.stream().map(student -> Pair.of(student.getUserId(), student.getUserName()))
        .collect(Collectors.toMap(Pair::getKey, Pair::getValue, (v1, v2) -> v1));
    System.out.println(map);
}

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
public static class Student implements Serializable {
    private static final long serialVersionUID = -3058531222330506251L;
    private String userId;
    private String userName;
}

java.lang.NullPointerException
	at java.util.HashMap.merge(HashMap.java:1226)
	at java.util.stream.Collectors.lambda$toMap$58(Collectors.java:1320)
	at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$3ReducingSink.accept(ReduceOps.java:169)
	at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:193)
	at java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1384)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:482)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:472)
	at java.util.stream.ReduceOps$ReduceOp.evaluateSequential(ReduceOps.java:708)
	at java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.evaluate(AbstractPipeline.java:234)
	at java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline.collect(ReferencePipeline.java:499)
	at com.yxxmg.collection.CollectionTest.test2(CollectionTest.java:53)

按照我们正常思维逻辑这不应该会出现这个问题，想当然理解成put(key,value)方式

问题分析

1. 首先分析出错代码

   Map<String, String> map =
       studentList.stream().map(student -> Pair.of(student.getUserId(), student.getUserName()))
       .collect(Collectors.toMap(Pair::getKey, Pair::getValue, (v1, v2) -> v1));
   

2. Pair.of

   /**
        * <p>Creates an immutable pair of two objects inferring the generic types.</p>
        *
        * <p>This factory allows the pair to be created using inference to
        * obtain the generic types.</p>
        *
        * @param <L> the left element type
        * @param <R> the right element type
        * @param left  the left element, may be null
        * @param right  the right element, may be null
        * @return a pair formed from the two parameters, not null
        */
   public static <L, R> Pair<L, R> of(final L left, final R right) {
       return ImmutablePair.of(left, right);
   }
   

   这边可以看出key，value都可以为空

3. 分析Collectors.toMap(Pair::getKey, Pair::getValue, (v1, v2) -> v1)

   public static <T, K, U>
       Collector<T, ?, Map<K,U>> toMap(Function<? super T, ? extends K> keyMapper,
                                       Function<? super T, ? extends U> valueMapper,
                                       BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction) {
       return toMap(keyMapper, valueMapper, mergeFunction, HashMap::new);
   }
   

   public static <T, K, U, M extends Map<K, U>>
       Collector<T, ?, M> toMap(Function<? super T, ? extends K> keyMapper,
                                Function<? super T, ? extends U> valueMapper,
                                BinaryOperator<U> mergeFunction,
                                Supplier<M> mapSupplier) {
       BiConsumer<M, T> accumulator
           = (map, element) -> map.merge(keyMapper.apply(element),
                                         valueMapper.apply(element), mergeFunction);
       return new CollectorImpl<>(mapSupplier, accumulator, mapMerger(mergeFunction), CH_ID);
   }
   

   看下Map接口的默认merge方法

   default V merge(K key, V value,
                   BiFunction<? super V, ? super V, ? extends V> remappingFunction) {
       Objects.requireNonNull(remappingFunction);
       Objects.requireNonNull(value);
       V oldValue = get(key);
       V newValue = (oldValue == null) ? value :
       remappingFunction.apply(oldValue, value);
       if(newValue == null) {
           remove(key);
       } else {
           put(key, newValue);
       }
       return newValue;
   }
   

   该接口可以看出value不能为空，再看下我们使用的HashMap的重写的merge方法

   @Override
   public V merge(K key, V value,
                  BiFunction<? super V, ? super V, ? extends V> remappingFunction) {
       if (value == null)
           throw new NullPointerException();
       if (remappingFunction == null)
           throw new NullPointerException();
       ...
           return value;
   }
   

   从源码可以看出value==null直接报空指针异常了