418、Java框架72 -【Spring - 注解方式IOC/DI】 2020.11.27

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-30 16:21:58 发布

youyouwuxin1234

最新推荐文章于 2023-04-30 16:21:58 发布

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0、注解方式IOC/DI

1、修改applicationContext.xml

7、applicationContext.xml

8、@Component

9、运行测试

10、参考链接

0、注解方式IOC/DI

在本知识点中，将演示如何使用注解的方式完成注入对象中的效果

1、修改applicationContext.xml

1）在15行添加

<context:annotation-config/>

表示告诉Spring要用注解的方式进行配置

2）注入对象的21行注释掉，这个行为在后面将使用注解来完成

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context     
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
  
    <context:annotation-config/>
    <bean name="c" class="com.how2java.pojo.Category">
        <property name="name" value="category 1" />
    </bean>
    <bean name="p" class="com.how2java.pojo.Product">
        <property name="name" value="product1" />
<!--         <property name="category" ref="c" /> -->
    </bean>
  
</beans>

2、@Autowired

在Product.java的category属性前加上@Autowired注解

@Autowired

private Category category;

package com.how2java.pojo;
 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 
public class Product {
 
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @Autowired
    private Category category;
 
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
 
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
 
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
}

3、运行测试

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package com.how2java.test;
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
 
public class TestSpring {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" });
        Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p");
        System.out.println(p.getName());
        System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName());
    }
}

4、@Autowired的位置

除了前面的在属性前加上@Autowired 这种方式外，也可以在setCategory方法前加上@Autowired，这样来达到相同的效果

@Autowired

public void setCategory(Category category)

@Autowiredçä½ç½®

package com.how2java.pojo;
 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
 
public class Product {
 
    private int id;
    private String name;
     
    private Category category;
 
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
 
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
    @Autowired
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
}

5、@Resource

除了@Autowired之外，@Resource也是常用的手段

@Resource(name="c")

private Category category;

@Resource

package com.how2java.pojo;
 
import javax.annotation.Resource;
 
public class Product {
 
    private int id;
    private String name;
    @Resource(name="c")
    private Category category;
 
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
 
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
     
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
}

6、对Bean的注解

上述例子是对注入对象行为的注解，那么bean对象本身，比如Category,Product可不可以移出applicationContext.xml配置文件，也通过注解进行呢？
接下来就讲解如何对Bean进行注解配置

7、applicationContext.xml

修改applicationContext.xml，什么都去掉，只新增：

<context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java.pojo"/>

其作用是告诉Spring，bean都放在com.how2java.pojo这个包下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context     
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
  
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.how2java.pojo"/>
     
</beans>

8、@Component

为Product类加上@Component注解，即表明此类是bean

@Component("p")

public class Product {

为Category 类加上@Component注解，即表明此类是bean

@Component("c")

public class Category {

另外，因为配置从applicationContext.xml中移出来了，所以属性初始化放在属性声明上进行了。

private String name="product 1";

private String name="category 1";

Product.java

package com.how2java.pojo;
 
import javax.annotation.Resource;
 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
@Component("p")
public class Product {
 
    private int id;
    private String name="product 1";
     
    @Autowired
    private Category category;
 
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
 
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
 
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
 
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
 
    public Category getCategory() {
        return category;
    }
     
    public void setCategory(Category category) {
        this.category = category;
    }
}

Category.java

package com.how2java.pojo;
 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
@Component("c")
public class Category {
  
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    private int id;
    private String name="category 1";
}

9、运行测试

运行TestSpring，可以发现运行结果是一样的

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package com.how2java.test;
 
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
 
import com.how2java.pojo.Product;
 
public class TestSpring {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[] { "applicationContext.xml" });
        Product p = (Product) context.getBean("p");
        System.out.println(p.getName());
        System.out.println(p.getCategory().getName());
    }
}

10、参考链接

[01] How2j - Spring - 注解方式IOC/DI

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418、Java框架72 -【Spring - 注解方式IOC/DI】 2020.11.27

0、注解方式IOC/DI在本知识点中，将演示如何使用注解的方式完成注入对象中的效果1、修改applicationContext.xml1）在15行添加<context:annotation-config/>表示告诉Spring要用注解的方式进行配置2）注入对象的21行注释掉，这个行为在后面将使用注解来完成<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://...
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