SDL播放yuv

一、下载SDL2

地址：https://www.libsdl.org/download-2.0.php

Windows下可以下载编译好的Development Libraries

将下载好的文件解压，有着include和lib两个目录就是我们需要的文件 

二、SDL2播放yuv视频流程

1、初始化SDL：SDL_Init

函数原型：

DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_Init(Uint32 flags);

其中flags的取值有以下几种

SDL_INIT_TIMER             定时器
SDL_INIT_AUDIO             音频
SDL_INIT_VIDEO             视频
SDL_INIT_JOYSTICK
SDL_INIT_HAPTIC
SDL_INIT_GAMECONTROLLER
SDL_INIT_EVENTS            事件
SDL_INIT_SENSOR
SDL_INIT_NOPARACHUTE
SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING        所有

 一般需要用到什么就设置什么，不建议将flags设置为SDL_INIT_EVERYTHING

2、创建SDL窗口：SDL_CreateWindow由SDL创建窗口，SDL_CreateWindowFrom基于Windows窗口句柄创建一个窗口

SDL_CreateWindow函数原型：

DECLSPEC SDL_Window * SDLCALL SDL_CreateWindow(const char *title,
                                                      int x, int y, int w,
                                                      int h, Uint32 flags);

参数介绍：

title：窗口标题
x：窗口起始x坐标
y：窗口起始y坐标
w：窗口宽                                
h：窗口高
flags：窗口属性，包括了窗口的是否最大化、最小化，能否调整边界等等属性
     ::SDL_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN,    ::SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL,
     ::SDL_WINDOW_HIDDEN,        ::SDL_WINDOW_BORDERLESS,
     ::SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE,     ::SDL_WINDOW_MAXIMIZED,
     ::SDL_WINDOW_MINIMIZED,     ::SDL_WINDOW_INPUT_GRABBED,
     ::SDL_WINDOW_ALLOW_HIGHDPI, ::SDL_WINDOW_VULKAN.

 SDL_CreateWindowFrom函数原型：

DECLSPEC SDL_Window * SDLCALL SDL_CreateWindowFrom(const void *data);

参数介绍：

data：外部窗口句柄HWND

3、创建Render：SDL_CreateRenderer

函数原型：

DECLSPEC SDL_Renderer * SDLCALL SDL_CreateRenderer(SDL_Window * window,
                                               int index, Uint32 flags);

参数介绍：

window：之前创建的SDL_Window
index：打算初始化的渲染设备的索引。设置“-1”则初始化默认的渲染设备
flags：使用哪一种方式进行渲染
       SDL_RENDERER_SOFTWARE    ：使用软件渲染
       SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED ：使用硬件加速
       SDL_RENDERER_PRESENTVSYNC：和显示器的刷新率同步
       SDL_RENDERER_TARGETTEXTURE

4、创建Texture：SDL_CreateTexture

函数原型：

DECLSPEC SDL_Texture * SDLCALL SDL_CreateTexture(SDL_Renderer * renderer,
                                                        Uint32 format,
                                                        int access, int w,
                                                        int h);

参数介绍

renderer：之前创建的SDL_Renderer
format：纹理的格式
       SDL_PIXELFORMAT_YV12：I420
       SDL_PIXELFORMAT_NV12：NV12
       SDL_PIXELFORMAT_NV21：NV21
       等等
access：SDL_TextureAccess
      SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_STATIC      ：变化极少
      SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_STREAMING   ：变化频繁
      SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_TARGET
int w：纹理的高
int h：纹理的宽
一般都设置为yuv数据的宽和高

 5、给纹理设置数据：SDL_UpdateTexture

函数原型：

DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_UpdateTexture(SDL_Texture * texture,
                                              const SDL_Rect * rect,
                                              const void *pixels, int pitch);

参数介绍：

texture：SDL_Texture 
rect：更新像素的矩形区域，设置为NULL表示整个窗口，如果要保持宽高比需要手动计算渲染区域
pixels：像素数据，也就是我们传进来的yuv数据
int pitch：间距，也叫linesize或者是stride

6、清空渲染目标：SDL_RenderClear，在每次使用前需要将上一次显示的东西清除掉，也可以不使用，因为下一帧的数据会把当前帧的数据覆盖了

函数原型：

DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_RenderClear(SDL_Renderer * renderer);

参数介绍：

renderer：SDL_Renderer

 7、纹理复制给渲染目标：SDL_RenderCopy

函数原型：

DECLSPEC int SDLCALL SDL_RenderCopy(SDL_Renderer * renderer,
                                           SDL_Texture * texture,
                                           const SDL_Rect * srcrect,
                                           const SDL_Rect * dstrect);

 参数介绍：

renderer：SDL_Renderer 
texture：SDL_Texture 
srcrect：源渲染区域，输入
dstrect：目标渲染区域，输出

8、显示：SDL_RenderPresent

函数原型：

DECLSPEC void SDLCALL SDL_RenderPresent(SDL_Renderer * renderer);

三、具体代码

sdl_player.h

// sdl_player.h
#include "SDL.h"

enum PixFormat {
    I420,
    NV12,
    NV21
};

class SDL2Player {
public:
    SDL2Player();
    ~SDL2Player();

    void Init(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, PixFormat pix_format);
    void CreateRenderWindow();
    void SetWindow(void* handle);
    void Render(uint8_t* data);

private:
    void Init();
    void Destroy();
    void InitRender();
    void InitTexture();

private:
    uint32_t width_{};
    uint32_t height_{};
    PixFormat pix_format_ = I420;

    SDL_Window* window_{}; // 窗口
    SDL_Renderer* renderer_{}; // 渲染器
    SDL_Texture* texture_{}; // 纹理
};

sdl_player.cpp

// sdl_palyer.cpp
#include "sdl_player.h"
#include <iostream>

SDL2Player::SDL2Player() {
    Init();
}

SDL2Player::~SDL2Player() {
    Destroy();
}

void SDL2Player::Init() {
    if (SDL_Init(SDL_INIT_VIDEO | SDL_INIT_AUDIO) == -1) {
        std::cout << "SDL2 init failed" << std::endl;
        return;
    }
}

void SDL2Player::Destroy() {
    if (window_) {
        SDL_DestroyWindow(window_);
    }
    if (renderer_) {
        SDL_DestroyRenderer(renderer_);
    }
    if(texture_) {
        SDL_DestroyTexture(texture_);
    }
    SDL_Quit();
}

void SDL2Player::Init(uint32_t width, uint32_t height, PixFormat pix_format) {
    width_ = width;
    height_ = height;
    pix_format_ = pix_format;
}

void SDL2Player::CreateRenderWindow() {
    window_ = SDL_CreateWindow("YUV Player",
        SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
        SDL_WINDOWPOS_UNDEFINED,
        width_, height_,
        SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL | SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE
    );
    InitRender();
    InitTexture();
}

void SDL2Player::SetWindow(void* handle) {
    // SDL_SetHint(SDL_HINT_VIDEO_WINDOW_SHARE_PIXEL_FORMAT, nullptr);
    window_ = SDL_CreateWindowFrom(handle);
    if (window_ == nullptr) {
        std::cout << SDL_GetError() << std::endl;
        std::cout << "window is nullptr" << std::endl;
    }
    InitRender();
    InitTexture();
}

void SDL2Player::InitRender() {
    renderer_ = SDL_CreateRenderer(window_, -1, SDL_RENDERER_ACCELERATED);
}

void SDL2Player::InitTexture() {
    uint32_t pixformat;
    if (pix_format_ == I420) {
        pixformat = SDL_PIXELFORMAT_IYUV;
    }
    else if (pix_format_ == NV12) {
        pixformat = SDL_PIXELFORMAT_NV12;
    }
    else if (pix_format_ == NV21) {
        pixformat = SDL_PIXELFORMAT_NV21;
    }
    else {
        std::cout << "输入的格式暂不支持" << std::endl;
    }
    texture_ = SDL_CreateTexture(renderer_, pixformat, SDL_TEXTUREACCESS_STREAMING, width_, height_);

}

void SDL2Player::Render(uint8_t* data) {
    SDL_UpdateTexture(texture_, NULL, data, width_);
    SDL_Rect rect;
    rect.x = 0;
    rect.y = 0;
    rect.w = width_;
    rect.h = height_;

    SDL_RenderClear(renderer_);
    SDL_RenderCopy(renderer_, texture_, NULL, &rect);
    SDL_RenderPresent(renderer_);
}

main.cpp

#include <Windows.h>

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <thread>
#include <chrono>

#include "sdl_player.h"

HWND CreateMyWindow(uint32_t width, uint32_t height) {
    WNDCLASS window;
    memset(&window, 0, sizeof(window));
    window.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)DefWindowProc;
    window.hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL);
    window.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    window.lpszClassName = "yuv_player";
    if (!RegisterClass(&window)) {
        return nullptr;
    }
    DWORD dwStyle = NULL;
    HWND wnd = CreateWindowEx(NULL, window.lpszClassName, "YUV Player", dwStyle,
        100, 100, width, height, nullptr, nullptr,
        GetModuleHandle(NULL), nullptr);
    ShowWindow(wnd, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);
    UpdateWindow(wnd);
    return wnd;
}

int main(int argc,char* argv[]) {
    // 要将文件放在对应的目录下面
    std::string filename = "480x272_yuv420p.yuv";
    uint32_t width = 480;
    uint32_t height = 272;
    
    std::shared_ptr<SDL2Player> yuv_player = std::make_shared<SDL2Player>();
    yuv_player->Init(width, height, I420);
    // yuv_player->CreateRenderWindow();
    HWND window = CreateMyWindow(width,height);
    yuv_player->SetWindow(window);
    uint8_t* data = new uint8_t[width * height * 3 / 2];
    std::ifstream fin(filename, std::ios::in | std::ios::binary);
    while (!fin.eof()) {
        fin.read((char*)data, width * height * 3 / 2);
        yuv_player->Render(data);
        std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(33));
    }
    delete[] data;
    fin.close();
    getchar();
    return 0;
}

四、代码下载：https://download.csdn.net/download/yp18792574062/12912916

五、参考资料
https://blog.csdn.net/leixiaohua1020/article/details/40525591