SpringBoot通过JDBC方式访问数据库

1 环境准备

数据库使用MySQL，我们先创建一个springboot项目再导入MySQL驱动：

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
	<groupId>mysql</groupId>
	<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
	<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: 123456
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.137.140:3306/mysql
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

2 测试代码

package cn.zhangyu;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;

import static sun.misc.Version.println;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class SpringbootJdbcApplicationTests {

	@Autowired
	DataSource dataSource;

	@Test
	public void contextLoads() throws SQLException {
	Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
	System.out.println(connection);
	connection.close();

	}

}

3 执行sql语句

DataSourceInitializer：ApplicationListener；可以帮助我们执行sql语句，但是需要将文件命名为：schema-.sql、data-.sql
默认规则：schema.sql，schema-all.sql；(DataSourceProperties这个类进行了默认的配置)

DataSourceInitializer作用：

​ 1）、runSchemaScripts();运行建表语句；

​ 2）、runDataScripts();运行插入数据的sql语句；

• 实例；

1. 再pom中添加

#    如果你配置文件没有指定执行文件的名称而是使用默认的schema.sql或者schema-all.sql的话
#    就在配置文件中加上spring.datasource.initialization-mode=always
    initialization-mode: always

2. 我们再resources目录下放入schema.sql

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for department
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `department`;
CREATE TABLE `department` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `departmentName` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO department(id,departmentName) VALUES(1,'业务部');
INSERT INTO department(id,departmentName) VALUES(2,'前台部');

3. 查看结果

mysql> select * from department;
+----+----------------+
| id | departmentName |
+----+----------------+
|  1 | 业务部      |
|  2 | 前台部      |
+----+----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

• 编写controller 进行测试

package cn.zhangyu;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * Created by grace on 2018/11/28.
 */
@RestController
public class HelloController {

    //spring boot中已经给我们注册好JdbcTemplate
    @Autowired
    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/hello")
    public Map<String,Object> getDepartment(){
        List<Map<String, Object>> list = jdbcTemplate.queryForList("select * from department");
        return list.get(0);
    }
}

访问http://localhost:8080/hello:
{"id":1,"departmentName":"业务部"}

• 自定义sql执行

可以使用   
	schema:
      - classpath:department.sql

schema是一个list所以可以使用- 指定多个位置