世界互联网发展的时间表

世界互联网发展的时间表

专注远距离数据通讯的北大火星人从历史中走来，…  …

上世纪90年代初，北大火星人是国内远程数据通讯的领跑者。

   不了解历史就是文盲。请见附件。

袁萌 陈启清  5月24日

附件：

Internet history timeline

Early research and development:

1965: NPL network planning starts

1966: Merit Network founded

1966: ARPANET planning starts

1967: NPL network packet switching pilot experiment

1969: ARPANET carries its first packets

1970: Network Information Center (NIC)

1971: Tymnet switched-circuit network

1972: Merit Network's packet-switched network operational

1972: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) established

1973: CYCLADES network demonstrated

1974: Telenet commercial packet-switched network

1976: X.25 protocol approved

1978: Minitel introduced

1979: Internet Activities Board (IAB)

1980: USENET news using UUCP

1980: Ethernet standard introduced

1981: BITNET established

Merging the networks and creating the Internet:

1981: Computer Science Network (CSNET)

1982: TCP/IP protocol suite formalized

1982: Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)

1983: Domain Name System (DNS)

1983: MILNET split off from ARPANET

1985: First .COM domain name registered

1986: NSFNET with 56 kbit/s links

1986: Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)

1987: UUNET founded

1988: NSFNET upgraded to 1.5 Mbit/s (T1)

1988: OSI Reference Model released

1988: Morris worm

1989: Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)

1989: PSINet founded, allows commercial traffic

1989: Federal Internet Exchanges (FIXes)

1990: GOSIP (without TCP/IP)

1990: ARPANET decommissioned

1990: Advanced Network and Services (ANS)

1990: UUNET/Alternet allows commercial traffic

1990: Archie search engine

1991: Wide area information server (WAIS)

1991: Gopher

1991: Commercial Internet eXchange (CIX)

1991: ANS CO+RE allows commercial traffic

1991: World Wide Web (WWW)

1992: NSFNET upgraded to 45 Mbit/s (T3)

1992: Internet Society (ISOC) established

1993: Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR)

1993: InterNIC established

1993: AOL added USENET access

1993: Mosaic web browser released

1994: Full text web search engines

1994: North American Network Operators' Group (NANOG) established

Commercialization, privatization, broader access leads to the modern Internet:

1995: New Internet architecture with commercial ISPs connected at NAPs

1995: NSFNET decommissioned

1995: GOSIP updated to allow TCP/IP

1995: very high-speed Backbone Network Service (vBNS)

1995: IPv6 proposed

1996: AOL changes pricing model from hourly to monthly

1998: Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)

1999: IEEE 802.11b wireless networking

1999: Internet2/Abilene Network

1999: vBNS+ allows broader access

2000: Dot-com bubble bursts

2001: New top-level domain names activated

2001: Code Red I, Code Red II, and Nimda worms

2003: UN World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) phase I

2003: National LambdaRail founded

2004: UN Working Group on Internet Governance (WGIG)

2005: UN WSIS phase II

2006: First meeting of the Internet Governance Forum

2010: First internationalized country code top-level domains registered

2012: ICANN begins accepting applications for new generic top-level domain names

2013: Montevideo Statement on the Future of Internet Cooperation

2014: NetMundial international Internet governance proposal

2016: ICANN contract with U.S. Dept. of Commerce ends, IANA oversight passes to the global Internet community on October 1st

Examples of Internet services:

1989: AOL dial-up service provider, email, instant messaging, and web browser

1990: IMDb Internet movie database

1995: Amazon.com online retailer

1995: eBay online auction and shopping

1995: Craigslist classified advertisements

1996: Hotmail free web-based e-mail

1997: Babel Fish automatic translation

1998: Google Search

1998: Yahoo! Clubs (now Yahoo! Groups)

1998: PayPal Internet payment system

1999: Napster peer-to-peer file sharing

2001: BitTorrent peer-to-peer file sharing

2001: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2003: LinkedIn business networking

2003: Myspace social networking site

2003: Skype Internet voice calls

2003: iTunes Store

2003: 4Chan Anonymous image-based bulletin board

2003: The Pirate Bay, torrent file host

2004: Facebook social networking site

2004: Podcast media file series

2004: Flickr image hosting

2005: YouTube video sharing

2005: Reddit link voting

2005: Google Earth virtual globe

2006: Twitter microblogging

2007: WikiLeaks anonymous news and information leaks

2007: Google Street View

2007: Kindle, e-reader and virtual bookshop

2008: Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2)

2008: Dropbox cloud-based file hosting

2008: Encyclopedia of Life, a collaborative encyclopedia intended to document all living species

2008: Spotify, a DRM-based music streaming service

2009: Bing search engine

2009: Google Docs, Web-based word processor, spreadsheet, presentation, form, and data storage service

2009: Kickstarter, a threshold pledge system

2009: Bitcoin, a digital currency

2010: Instagram, photo sharing and social networking

2011: Google+, social networking

2011: Snapchat, photo sharing

2012: Coursera, massive open online courses

 

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