strcmp / strcpy/strcat/strchr/strncmpi

函数名: strcmp   
功 能: 串比较   
用 法: int strcmp(char *str1, char *str2);   
看Asic码，str1>str2，返回值 > 0；两串相等，返回0   
程序例:   
#include <string.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *buf1 = "aaa", *buf2 = "bbb", *buf3 = "ccc";   
int ptr;   
ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf1);   
if (ptr > 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");   
else   
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");   
ptr = strcmp(buf2, buf3);   
if (ptr > 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3n");   
else   
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3n");   
return 0;   
}  
  
/*下面再给你其他相关的函数应用*/  
  
  
函数名: stpcpy   
功 能: 拷贝一个字符串到另一个   
用 法: char *stpcpy(char *destin, char *source);   
程序例:   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <string.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char string[10];   
char *str1 = "abcdefghi";   
stpcpy(string, str1);   
printf("%sn", string);   
return 0;   
}   
  
函数名: strcat   
功 能: 字符串拼接函数   
用 法: char *strcat(char *destin, char *source);   
程序例:   
#include <string.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char destination[25];   
char *blank = " ", *c = "C++", *Borland = "Borland";   
strcpy(destination, Borland);   
strcat(destination, blank);   
strcat(destination, c);   
printf("%sn", destination);   
return 0;   
}   
  
函数名: strchr   
功 能: 在一个串中查找给定字符的第一个匹配之处   
用 法: char *strchr(char *str, char c);   
程序例:   
#include <string.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char string[15];   
char *ptr, c = 'r';   
strcpy(string, "This is a string");   
ptr = strchr(string, c);   
if (ptr)   
printf("The character %c is at position: %dn", c, ptr-string);   
else   
printf("The character was not foundn");   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strncmpi   
功 能: 将一个串中的一部分与另一个串比较, 不管大小写   
用 法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen);   
程序例:   
#include <string.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";   
int ptr;   
ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);   
if (ptr > 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");   
if (ptr < 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");   
if (ptr == 0)   
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1n");   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strcpy   
功 能: 串拷贝   
用 法: char *strcpy(char *str1, char *str2);   
程序例:   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <string.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char string[10];   
char *str1 = "abcdefghi";   
strcpy(string, str1);   
printf("%sn", string);   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strcspn   
功 能: 在串中查找第一个给定字符集内容的段   
用 法: int strcspn(char *str1, char *str2);   
程序例:   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <string.h>   
#include <alloc.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *string1 = "1234567890";   
char *string2 = "747DC8";   
int length;   
length = strcspn(string1, string2);   
printf("Character where strings intersect is at position %dn", length);   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strdup   
功 能: 将串拷贝到新建的位置处   
用 法: char *strdup(char *str);   
程序例:   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <string.h>   
#include <alloc.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *dup_str, *string = "abcde";   
dup_str = strdup(string);   
printf("%sn", dup_str);   
free(dup_str);   
return 0;   
}  
  
  
函数名: stricmp   
功 能: 以大小写不敏感方式比较两个串   
用 法: int stricmp(char *str1, char *str2);   
程序例:   
#include <string.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";   
int ptr;   
ptr = stricmp(buf2, buf1);   
if (ptr > 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");   
if (ptr < 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");   
if (ptr == 0)   
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1n");   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strerror   
功 能: 返回指向错误信息字符串的指针   
用 法: char *strerror(int errnum);   
程序例:   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <errno.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *buffer;   
buffer = strerror(errno);   
printf("Error: %sn", buffer);   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strcmpi   
功 能: 将一个串与另一个比较, 不管大小写   
用 法: int strcmpi(char *str1, char *str2);   
程序例:   
#include <string.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *buf1 = "BBB", *buf2 = "bbb";   
int ptr;   
ptr = strcmpi(buf2, buf1);   
if (ptr > 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");   
if (ptr < 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");   
if (ptr == 0)   
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1n");   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strncmp   
功 能: 串比较   
用 法: int strncmp(char *str1, char *str2, int maxlen);   
程序例:   
#include <string.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *buf1 = "aaabbb", *buf2 = "bbbccc", *buf3 = "ccc";   
int ptr;   
ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf1,3);   
if (ptr > 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");   
else   
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");   
ptr = strncmp(buf2,buf3,3);   
if (ptr > 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 3n");   
else   
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 3n");   
return(0);   
}  
  
函数名: strncmpi   
功 能: 把串中的一部分与另一串中的一部分比较, 不管大小写   
用 法: int strncmpi(char *str1, char *str2);   
程序例:   
#include <string.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";   
int ptr;   
ptr = strncmpi(buf2,buf1,3);   
if (ptr > 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");   
if (ptr < 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");   
if (ptr == 0)   
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1n");   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strncpy   
功 能: 串拷贝   
用 法: char *strncpy(char *destin, char *source, int maxlen);   
程序例:   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <string.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char string[10];   
char *str1 = "abcdefghi";   
strncpy(string, str1, 3);   
string[3] = '';   
printf("%sn", string);   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strnicmp   
功 能: 不注重大小写地比较两个串   
用 法: int strnicmp(char *str1, char *str2, unsigned maxlen);   
程序例:   
#include <string.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *buf1 = "BBBccc", *buf2 = "bbbccc";   
int ptr;   
ptr = strnicmp(buf2, buf1, 3);   
if (ptr > 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is greater than buffer 1n");   
if (ptr < 0)   
printf("buffer 2 is less than buffer 1n");   
if (ptr == 0)   
printf("buffer 2 equals buffer 1n");   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strnset   
功 能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符   
用 法: char *strnset(char *str, char ch, unsigned n);   
程序例:   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <string.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";   
char letter = 'x';   
printf("string before strnset: %sn", string);   
strnset(string, letter, 13);   
printf("string after strnset: %sn", string);   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strpbrk   
功 能: 在串中查找给定字符集中的字符   
用 法: char *strpbrk(char *str1, char *str2);   
程序例:   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <string.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *string1 = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";   
char *string2 = "onm";   
char *ptr;   
ptr = strpbrk(string1, string2);   
if (ptr)   
printf("strpbrk found first character: %cn", *ptr);   
else   
printf("strpbrk didn't find character in setn");   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strrchr   
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符的最后一个出现   
用 法: char *strrchr(char *str, char c);   
程序例:   
#include <string.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char string[15];   
char *ptr, c = 'r';   
strcpy(string, "This is a string");   
ptr = strrchr(string, c);   
if (ptr)   
printf("The character %c is at position: %dn", c, ptr-string);   
else   
printf("The character was not foundn");   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strrev   
功 能: 串倒转   
用 法: char *strrev(char *str);   
程序例:   
#include <string.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *forward = "string";   
printf("Before strrev(): %sn", forward);   
strrev(forward);   
printf("After strrev(): %sn", forward);   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strset   
功 能: 将一个串中的所有字符都设为指定字符   
用 法: char *strset(char *str, char c);   
程序例:   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <string.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char string[10] = "123456789";   
char symbol = 'c';   
printf("Before strset(): %sn", string);   
strset(string, symbol);   
printf("After strset(): %sn", string);   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strspn   
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符集的子集的第一次出现   
用 法: int strspn(char *str1, char *str2);   
程序例:   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <string.h>   
#include <alloc.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *string1 = "1234567890";   
char *string2 = "123DC8";   
int length;   
length = strspn(string1, string2);   
printf("Character where strings differ is at position %dn", length);   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strstr   
功 能: 在串中查找指定字符串的第一次出现   
用 法: char *strstr(char *str1, char *str2);   
程序例:   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <string.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *str1 = "Borland International", *str2 = "nation", *ptr;   
ptr = strstr(str1, str2);   
printf("The substring is: %sn", ptr);   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strtod   
功 能: 将字符串转换为double型值   
用 法: double strtod(char *str, char **endptr);   
程序例:   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <stdlib.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char input[80], *endptr;   
double value;   
printf("Enter a floating point number:");   
gets(input);   
value = strtod(input, &endptr);   
printf("The string is %s the number is %lfn", input, value);   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strtok   
功 能: 查找由在第二个串中指定的分界符分隔开的单词   
用 法: char *strtok(char *str1, char *str2);   
程序例:   
#include <string.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char input[16] = "abc,d";   
char *p;   
/* strtok places a NULL terminator  
in front of the token, if found */   
p = strtok(input, ",");   
if (p) printf("%sn", p);   
/* A second call to strtok using a NULL  
as the first parameter returns a pointer  
to the character following the token */   
p = strtok(NULL, ",");   
if (p) printf("%sn", p);   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strtol   
功 能: 将串转换为长整数   
用 法: long strtol(char *str, char **endptr, int base);   
程序例:   
#include <stdlib.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *string = "87654321", *endptr;   
long lnumber;   
/* strtol converts string to long integer */   
lnumber = strtol(string, &endptr, 10);   
printf("string = %s long = %ldn", string, lnumber);   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: strupr   
功 能: 将串中的小写字母转换为大写字母   
用 法: char *strupr(char *str);   
程序例:   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <string.h>   
int main(void)   
{   
char *string = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz", *ptr;   
/* converts string to upper case characters */   
ptr = strupr(string);   
printf("%sn", ptr);   
return 0;   
}  
  
函数名: swab   
功 能: 交换字节   
用 法: void swab (char *from, char *to, int nbytes);   
程序例:   
#include <stdlib.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
#include <string.h>   
char source[15] = "rFna koBlrna d";   
char target[15];   
int main(void)   
{   
swab(source, target, strlen(source));   
printf("This is target: %sn", target);   
return 0;   
}  
  
PS:isalpha()是字符函数，不是字符串函数，   
isalpha   
原型：extern int isalpha(int c);   
用法：#include <ctype.h>   
功能：判断字符c是否为英文字母   
说明：当c为英文字母a-z或A-Z时，返回非零值，否则返回零。   
举例：   
// isalpha.c   
#include <syslib.h>   
#include <ctype.h>   
#include <stdio.h>   
  
main()   
{   
int c;   
clrscr(); // clear screen   
printf("Press a key");   
for(;;)   
{   
c=getchar();   
clrscr();   
printf("%c: %s letter",c,isalpha(c)?"is":"not");   
}   
return 0; // just to avoid warnings by compiler   
}