Libxml2使用简介

首先说说Libxml2吧，Libxml2 是一个xml c语言版的解析器，本来是为Gnome项目开发的工具，是一个基于MIT License的免费开源软件。它除了支持c语言版以外，还支持c++、PHP、Pascal、Ruby、Tcl等语言的绑定，能在Windows、 Linux、Solaris、MacOsX等平台上运行。功能还是相当强大的，相信满足一般用户需求没有任何问题。

具体的介绍就参考 http://xmlsoft.org/

          Libxml2主要的优点有：1.    安装、使用比较简单，容易入门；2.    支持的编码格式较多，能很好的解决中文问题(使用一个很简单的编码转换函数)；3.    支持Xpath解析（这点对于任意定位xml文档中的节点还是很有用的哦）；4.支持Well-formed 和valid验证，具体而言支持DTD验证，Schema验证功能正在完善中(目前多数解析器都还不完全支持shema验证功能)；5.    支持目前通用的Dom、Sax方式解析等等。

     

         不足之处也是有的：1.   指针太多，使用不当时就会出现错误，在Linux系统中表现为常见的段错误，同样管理不当易造成内存泄漏；2.个人认为内面有些函数的功能设计的不是很好（比如获取Xpath函数，它不获取节点属性，这样子有些情况会定位不准）

 

  Libxml2的在linux下使用

          安装

                      1)       从xmlsoft站点或ftp(ftp.xmlsoft.org)站点下载libxml压缩包(libxml2-xxxx.tar.gz)

                      2)       对压缩包进行解压缩

                                  tar xvzf libxml2-xxxx.tar.gz

                       3)       进入解压缩后的文件夹中运行

                                 (1)

                                            ./configure --prefix /home/user/myxml/xmlinst ( 此处为待安装的路径)

                                  (2)

                                             make

                                  (3)

                                              make install

                      4)       添加路径

                export PATH= /home/user/myxml/xmlinst/bin:$PATH

                        说明： 为了结构清晰，最好将libxml2不安装在解压目录中。

                 使用Libxml2生成xml

                        #include <stdio.h>
                        #include <libxml/parser.h>
                        #include <libxml/tree.h>

                        int main(int argc, char **argv)
                        {
                                 xmlDocPtr doc = NULL;        /* document pointer */
                                 xmlNodePtr root_node = NULL, node = NULL, node1 = NULL;/* node pointers */

                        

                                // Creates a new document, a node and set it as a root node
                                 doc = xmlNewDoc(BAD_CAST "1.0");
                                 root_node = xmlNewNode(NULL, BAD_CAST "root");
                                 xmlDocSetRootElement(doc, root_node);

                                 //creates a new node, which is "attached" as child node of root_node node.  
                                 xmlNewChild(root_node, NULL, BAD_CAST "node1",BAD_CAST "content of

                                                          node1");
                                 // xmlNewProp() creates attributes, which is "attached" to an node.
                                node=xmlNewChild(root_node, NULL, BAD_CAST "node3",

                                                              BAD_CAST"node has attributes");
                                 xmlNewProp(node, BAD_CAST "attribute", BAD_CAST "yes");

                                //Here goes another way to create nodes.
                               node = xmlNewNode(NULL, BAD_CAST "node4");
                               node1 = xmlNewText(BAD_CAST"other way to create content");
                               xmlAddChild(node, node1);
                               xmlAddChild(root_node, node);

                              //Dumping document to stdio or file
                             xmlSaveFormatFileEnc(argc > 1 ? argv[1] : "-", doc, "UTF-8", 1);

                    

                             /*free the document */
                             xmlFreeDoc(doc);
                             xmlCleanupParser();
                             xmlMemoryDump();//debug memory for regression tests
    
                            return(0);
                     }

                     编译运行

                             

               g++ xmlCreator.cpp -o xmlCreator -I /home/xb/libxml2/xmlinst/include/libxml2/   

          -L /home/xb/libxml2/xmlinst/lib/ -lxml2          （ 绿色文字为 libxml2 安装路径 ）

     生成的xml

               <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
                          <root>
                                     <node1>content of node 1</node1>
                                     <node3 attribute="yes">node has attributes</node3>
                                     <node4>other way to create content</node4>
                           </root>
              呵呵，现就这些吧，好像很简单，算是入门级。