必要参数说明
func (ch *Channel) QueueDeclare(name string, durable, autoDelete, exclusive, noWait bool, args Table)
- name:队列名称
- durable:是否持久化,默认false放内存(即重启会丢失)
- autoDelete:队列中数据消费完成后是否自动删除队列(最后一个消费者断开连接后自动删除)
- exclusive:是否排外的,有两个作用(1、connection.close()该队列是否会自动删除;2、该队列是否是私有的private)一般等于true的时适用于一个队列只能一个消费者
- noWait:是否等待服务器返回
- args:相关参数,一般为nil
func (ch *Channel) Publish(exchange, key string, mandatory, immediate bool, msg Publishing)
- exchange: 交换器
- routing key:队列名称
- mandatory:是否强制
- immediate:是否立即发送
- msg:消息
func (ch *Channel) Consume(queue, consumer string, autoAck, exclusive, noLocal, noWait bool, args Table)
- queue:队列名称
- autoAck:自动确认应答,建议设为false
- exclusive: 排他
- noLocal:非本地化,设置为true则表示不能将同一个Connection中生产者发送的消息传送给这个Connection中的消费者
- noWait:等待
- args:相关参数,一般为nil
入门示例:
安装扩展 go get github.com/streadway/amqp
接收文件receive.go
package main
import (
"log"
"github.com/streadway/amqp"
)
func main() {
conn, err := amqp.Dial("amqp://guest:guest@localhost:5672/")
failOnError(err, "Failed to connect to RabbitMQ")
defer conn.Close()
ch, err := conn.Channel()
failOnError(err, "Failed to open a channel")
defer ch.Close()
q, err := ch.QueueDeclare(
"hello", // name
false, // durable
false, // delete when usused
false, // exclusive
false, // no-wait
nil, // arguments
)
failOnError(err, "Failed to declare a queue")
msgs, err := ch.Consume(
q.Name, // queue
"", // consumer
true, // auto-ack
false, // exclusive
false, // no-local
false, // no-wait
nil, // args
)
failOnError(err, "Failed to register a consumer")
forever := make(chan bool)
go func() {
for d := range msgs {
log.Printf("Received a message: %s", d.Body)
}
}()
log.Printf(" [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C")
<-forever
}
func failOnError(err error, msg string) {
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("%s: %s", msg, err)
}
}
发送文件send.go
package main
import (
"log"
"github.com/streadway/amqp"
)
func main() {
conn, err := amqp.Dial("amqp://guest:guest@localhost:5672/")
failOnError(err, "Failed to connect to RabbitMQ")
defer conn.Close()
ch, err := conn.Channel()
failOnError(err, "Failed to open a channel")
defer ch.Close()
q, err := ch.QueueDeclare(
"hello", // name
false, // durable
false, // delete when unused
false, // exclusive
false, // no-wait
nil, // arguments
)
failOnError(err, "Failed to declare a queue")
body := "Hello World!"
err = ch.Publish(
"", // exchange
q.Name, // routing key
false, // mandatory
false, // immediate
amqp.Publishing{
ContentType: "text/plain",
Body: []byte(body),
})
failOnError(err, "Failed to publish a message")
}
func failOnError(err error, msg string) {
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("%s: %s", msg, err)
}
}
分别运行go run send.go
、go run receive.go
结果如下:
$ go run send.go
$ go run receive.go
2021/10/29 16:50:48 [*] Waiting for messages. To exit press CTRL+C
2021/10/29 16:50:48 Received a message: Hello World!
# Hello World为发送的消息