Django1.11 扩展User属性增加头像上传功能

Django自带的User模型没有头像和电话这两项属性，因此需要通过扩展User达到我们想要的效果，根据官方的文档，扩展新字段到User只需要用one-to-one(一对一）模型即可。

一、创建一个APP

python manage.py startapp CustomUser

二、在models里面创建用户模型，使用one-to-one关联User

from django.db import models
# Create your models here.
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class MyUser(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User)
    phone = models.CharField(u'手机号',max_length=13, null=True, blank=True)
    avatar = models.ImageField(u'管理员头像',upload_to='images', null=True, blank=True)
    class Meta:
        verbose_name = u'头像管理'

三、增加admin配置，admin后台可以填写这两个新字段：

from django.contrib import admin
from django.contrib.auth.admin import UserAdmin as BaseUserAdmin
from django.contrib.auth.models import User

from CustomUser.models import MyUser

# Define an inline admin descriptor for Employee model
# which acts a bit like a singleton
class EmployeeInline(admin.StackedInline):
    model = MyUser
    can_delete = False
    verbose_name_plural = u'管理中心'

# Define a new User admin
class UserAdmin(BaseUserAdmin):
    inlines = (EmployeeInline, )

# Re-register UserAdmin
admin.site.unregister(User)
admin.site.register(User, UserAdmin)

admin后台效果：

四、修改settings User指向：

AUTH_USER_MODULE = 'CustomUser.MyUser'

五、生成数据库：

python manage.py makemigrations CustomUser

python manage.py migrations

六、上传头像需要media配置，故settings需增加配置：

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')

在manage.py同一层新建media目录

七、配置urls.py：

from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

八、template上使用头像：

<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right">
   <li class="dropdown navbar-user">
      <a href="javascript:;" class="dropdown-toggle" data-toggle="dropdown">
         <img src="{{ request.user.myuser.avatar.url }}" alt="" />
         <span class="hidden-xs">{{ request.user.username }}</span> <b class="caret"></b>
      </a>
      <ul class="dropdown-menu animated fadeInLeft">
         <li class="arrow"></li>
         <li><a href="javascript:;">编辑资料</a></li>
         <li><a href="javascript:;">重置密码</a></li>
         <li class="divider"></li>
         <li><a href="{{ url('logout') }}">退出系统</a></li>
      </ul>
   </li>
</ul>