两者所要实现的功能是一致的(将多维数组降位一维),两者的区别在于返回拷贝(copy)还是返回视图(view),numpy.flatten()返回一份拷贝,对拷贝所做的修改不会影响(reflects)原始矩阵,而numpy.ravel()返回的是视图(view,也颇有几分C/C++引用reference的意味),会影响(reflects)原始矩阵。 1. 两者的功能 >>> x = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]]) >>> x array([[1, 2], [3, 4]]) >>> x.flatten() array([1, 2, 3, 4]) >>> x.ravel() array([1, 2, 3, 4]) 两者默认均是行序优先 >>> x.flatten('F') array([1, 3, 2, 4]) >>> x.ravel('F') array([1, 3, 2, 4]) >>> x.reshape(-1) array([1, 2, 3, 4]) >>> x.T.reshape(-1) array([1, 3, 2, 4]) 123456789101112131415161718 2. 两者的区别 >>> x = np.array([[1, 2], [3, 4]]) >>> x.flatten()[1] = 100 >>> x array([[1, 2], [3, 4]]) # flatten:返回的是拷贝 >>> x.ravel()[1] = 100 >>> x array([[ 1, 100], [ 3, 4]]) 123456789 References [1] What is the difference between flatten and ravel functions in numpy?