SpringMVC+Spring3+Hibernate4开发环境搭建

早期的项目比较简单，多是用JSP 、Servlet + JDBC 直接搞定，后来使用 Struts1(Struts2)+Spring+Hibernate, 严格按照分层概念驱动项目开发，这次又使用 Spring MVC取代Struts来进行开发。

MVC已经是现代Web开发中的一个很重要的部分，下面介绍一下SpringMVC+Spring3+Hibernate4的开发环境搭建

先大致看一下项目结构：

 

具体的代码不再演示，主要是走了一个很平常的路线，mvc-servcie-dao-hibernate的结构，源码可以下载，主要看一下配置文件。解释见注释

web.xml

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">  
3.   <display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>  
4.   <welcome-file-list>  
5.     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  
6.   </welcome-file-list>  
7.     
8.   <!-- 配置Spring -->   
9.   <context-param>  
10.         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
11.         <param-value>classpath*:config/spring-*.xml</param-value>  
12.   </context-param>  
13.     
14.     
15.   <listener>  
16.      <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
17.   </listener>  
18.     
19.     
20.   <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->  
21.   <servlet>  
22.     <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>  
23.     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>  
24.     <init-param>  
25.       <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
26.       <param-value>classpath*:config/spring-servlet.xml</param-value>  
27.     </init-param>  
28.     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  
29.   </servlet>  
30.     
31.   <servlet-mapping>  
32.     <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>  
33.     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  
34.   </servlet-mapping>  
35.     
36.   <!-- 设置字符集 -->  
37.   <filter>  
38.     <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
39.     <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  
40.     <init-param>  
41.       <param-name>encoding</param-name>  
42.       <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>  
43.     </init-param>  
44.     <init-param>  
45.       <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>  
46.       <param-value>true</param-value>  
47.     </init-param>  
48.   </filter>  
49.   <filter-mapping>  
50.     <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>  
51.     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
52.   </filter-mapping>  
53.    
54.     
55.   <!-- 控制Session的开关 -->  
56.   <filter>  
57.         <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>  
58.         <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>  
59.   </filter>  
60.     
61.   <filter-mapping>  
62.     <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>  
63.     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  
64.   </filter-mapping>  
65.     
66. </web-app>  

spring-servlet.xml

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
4.     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
5.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    
6.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd    
7.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
8.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd    
9.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc    
10.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">  
11.   
12.     <!-- 注解扫描的包 -->  
13.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.jialin" />  
14.   
15.     <!-- 开启注解方案1 -->  
16.     <!-- 注解方法处理 -->  
17.     <!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"   
18.         /> -->  
19.     <!-- 注解类映射处理 -->  
20.     <!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"></bean> -->  
21.   
22.     <!-- 开启注解方案2 -->  
23.     <mvc:annotation-driven />  
24.   
25.     <!-- 静态资源访问，方案1 -->  
26.     <mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**" />  
27.     <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**" />  
28.   
29.     <!-- 静态资源访问，方案2 -->  
30.     <!-- <mvc:default-servlet-handler/> -->  
31.   
32.     <!-- 视图解释类 -->  
33.     <bean id="viewResolver"  
34.         class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">  
35.         <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>  
36.         <!--可为空,方便实现自已的依据扩展名来选择视图解释类的逻辑 -->  
37.         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>  
38.     </bean>  
39.   
40.     <!-- 上传文件bean -->  
41.     <!-- <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">   
42.         <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" /> <property name="maxUploadSize"   
43.         value="10485760000" /> <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />   
44.         </bean> -->  
45.   
46. </beans>    

spring-hibernate.xml

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
4.     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
5.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    
6.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd    
7.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
8.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd    
9.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc    
10.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">  
11.       
12.     <!-- 配置数据源 -->  
13.     <bean id="dataSource"  
14.         class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">  
15.         <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />  
16.         <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1/springmvc" />  
17.         <property name="username" value="root" />  
18.         <property name="password" value="123456" />  
19.     </bean>  
20.   
21.     <!--  配置hibernate SessionFactory-->  
22.     <bean id="sessionFactory"  
23.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  
24.         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />  
25.         <property name="hibernateProperties">  
26.             <props>  
27.                 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>  
28.                 <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>  
29.                 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>  
30.                 <prop key="hiberante.format_sql">true</prop>  
31.             </props>  
32.         </property>  
33.         <property name="configLocations">  
34.             <list>  
35.                 <value>  
36.                     classpath*:config/hibernate/hibernate.cfg.xml  
37.                 </value>  
38.             </list>  
39.         </property>  
40.     </bean>  
41.   
42.     <!-- 事务管理器 -->  
43.     <bean id="transactionManager"  
44.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">  
45.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>  
46.     </bean>  
47.       
48.     <!-- 事务代理类 -->  
49.     <bean id="transactionBese"  
50.         class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"  
51.         lazy-init="true" abstract="true">  
52.         <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>  
53.         <property name="transactionAttributes">  
54.             <props>  
55.                 <prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>  
56.                 <prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>  
57.                 <prop key="insert*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>  
58.                 <prop key="modify*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>  
59.                 <prop key="delete*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>  
60.                 <prop key="del*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>  
61.                 <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_NEVER</prop>  
62.             </props>  
63.         </property>  
64.     </bean>  
65.   
66. </beans>    

         spring-core.xml

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    
3.  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    
4.  xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"    
5.  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    
6.  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    
7.  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    
8.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd    
9.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context    
10.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd    
11.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc    
12.       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">  
13.        
14.     <!-- 引入其他配置文件，可以为多个 -->  
15.     <import resource="classpath*:config/spring/spring-user.xml"/>  
16.       
17.  </beans>    

         spring-user.xml

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN 2.0//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans-2.0.dtd" [  
3. <!ENTITY contextInclude SYSTEM "org/springframework/web/context/WEB-INF/contextInclude.xml">  
4. ]>  
5.   
6. <beans>  
7.     <!-- Spring Bean -->  
8.     <bean id="userDao" class="com.jialin.dao.UserDao">  
9.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>  
10.     </bean>  
11.       
12.     <bean id="userManagerBase" class="com.jialin.service.UserManager">  
13.         <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>  
14.     </bean>  
15.       
16.     <!-- parent为transactionBese，表示支持事务 -->  
17.     <bean id="userManager" parent="transactionBese">  
18.         <property name="target" ref="userManagerBase"></property>  
19.     </bean>  
20.       
21. </beans>  

           hibernate.cfg.xml

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1. <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC  
2.         "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"  
3.         "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">  
4.   
5. <hibernate-configuration>  
6.     <session-factory>  
7.         <!-- 引入需要映射的类 -->  
8.         <mapping class="com.jialin.entity.User"/>  
9.     </session-factory>  
10. </hibernate-configuration>  

下面再来看看Controller

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1. package com.jialin.controller;  
2.   
3. import java.io.IOException;  
4. import java.io.PrintWriter;  
5. import java.util.List;  
6.   
7. import javax.annotation.Resource;  
8. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;  
9. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;  
10.   
11. import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;  
12. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;  
13.   
14. import com.jialin.entity.User;  
15. import com.jialin.service.IUserManager;  
16.   
17. @Controller   //类似Struts的Action  
18. @RequestMapping("/user")    
19. public class UserController {  
20.       
21.     @Resource(name="userManager")  // 获取spring配置文件中bean的id为userManager的，并注入  
22.     private IUserManager userManager;  
23.       
24.     @RequestMapping("/addUser")   // 请求url地址映射，类似Struts的action-mapping  
25.     public String addUser(User user){  
26.         if(userManager.addUser(user))  
27.         {  
28.             // 重定向  
29.             return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";  
30.         }else  
31.         {  
32.             return "/fail";  
33.         }  
34.           
35.     }  
36.       
37.     @RequestMapping("/updateUser")  
38.     public String updateUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){  
39.         if (userManager.updateUser(user))  
40.         {  
41.             user = userManager.getOneUser(user);  
42.             request.setAttribute("user", user);  
43.             return "/UserEdit";  
44.         }else  
45.         {  
46.             return "/fail";  
47.         }  
48.           
49.     }  
50.       
51.     @RequestMapping("/delUser")  
52.     public void delUser(User user,HttpServletResponse response){  
53.         String result = "{\"result\":\"error\"}";  
54.           
55.         if(userManager.delUser(user)){  
56.             result = "{\"result\":\"success\"}";  
57.         }  
58.         PrintWriter out = null;  
59.         response.setContentType("application/json");  
60.           
61.         try {  
62.             out = response.getWriter();  
63.             out.write(result);  
64.         } catch (IOException e) {  
65.             e.printStackTrace();  
66.         }  
67.   
68.     }  
69.     @RequestMapping("/toAddUser")  
70.     public String toAddUser(){  
71.         return "/UserAdd";  
72.     }  
73.       
74.     @RequestMapping("/toUpdateUser")  
75.     public String toUpdateUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){  
76.         User user1=userManager.getOneUser(user);  
77.           
78.         request.setAttribute("user1", user1);  
79.           
80.         return "/UserEdit";  
81.     }  
82.       
83.     @RequestMapping("/getAllUser")  
84.     public String getAllUser(HttpServletRequest request){  
85.           
86.         List userList=userManager.getAllUser();  
87.           
88.         request.setAttribute("userlist", userList);  
89.           
90.         return "/UserMain";  
91.     }  
92.       
93. }  

源码下载……

下面还会介绍一些Struts2与SpringMVC的区别