Linux AB工具 压力测试

2017年08月06日 21:46:52

JMeter比较适合做性能测试（模拟用户各种请求设置并发数，发起请求），而AB程序更适合做基准或者压力测试，来测试服务能扛住的最大压力。

AB安装方式很简单，在Centos下，使用

[root@centos02 conf]# yum intall -y httpd-tools

输入ab -help，可以看到可用的参数

[root@centos02 conf]# ab -help
Usage: ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path
Options are:
    -n requests     Number of requests to perform
    -c concurrency  Number of multiple requests to make
    -t timelimit    Seconds to max. wait for responses
    -b windowsize   Size of TCP send/receive buffer, in bytes
    -p postfile     File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T
    -u putfile      File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T
    -T content-type Content-type header for POSTing, eg.
                    'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
                    Default is 'text/plain'
    -v verbosity    How much troubleshooting info to print
    -w              Print out results in HTML tables
    -i              Use HEAD instead of GET
    -x attributes   String to insert as table attributes
    -y attributes   String to insert as tr attributes
    -z attributes   String to insert as td or th attributes
    -C attribute    Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234. (repeatable)
    -H attribute    Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'
                    Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
    -A attribute    Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -P attribute    Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -X proxy:port   Proxyserver and port number to use
    -V              Print version number and exit
    -k              Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
    -d              Do not show percentiles served table.
    -S              Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
    -g filename     Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
    -e filename     Output CSV file with percentages served
    -r              Don't exit on socket receive errors.
    -h              Display usage information (this message)
    -Z ciphersuite  Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers)
    -f protocol     Specify SSL/TLS protocol (SSL2, SSL3, TLS1, or ALL)

比较常用的是 -k 使用 keepalive默认是禁止的，-c  并发数，-n 总请求次数 

简单示例

[root@centos02 conf]# ab -k -c 1 -n 2 http://www.baidu.com/index.html
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking www.baidu.com (be patient).....done

Server Software:        BWS/1.1
Server Hostname:        www.baidu.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /index.html
Document Length:        111309 bytes

Concurrency Level:      1
Time taken for tests:   2.573 seconds
Complete requests:      2
Failed requests:        1
   (Connect: 0, Receive: 0, Length: 1, Exceptions: 0)
Write errors:           0
Keep-Alive requests:    0
Total transferred:      225033 bytes
HTML transferred:       223139 bytes
Requests per second:    0.78 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       1286.352 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1286.352 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          85.42 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:       24   28   5.1     32      32
Processing:  1210 1251  57.6   1292    1292
Waiting:      283  292  12.9    301     301
Total:       1242 1279  52.6   1316    1316

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%   1316
  66%   1316
  75%   1316
  80%   1316
  90%   1316
  95%   1316
  98%   1316
  99%   1316
 100%   1316 (longest request)

测试前，需要关闭一个系统参数，避免系统认为是攻击行为

[root@centos02 etc]# vi sysctl.conf

net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 0

另外请求带上 -r 可以保证在个别请求错误时，不退出。

不做这2个配置，可能会出现  apr_poll: The timeout specified has expired (70007)或者apr_socket_recv: Connection reset by peer (104)的错误

完整例子如

[root@centos02 bin]# ab -k -r -c 1000 -n 100000 http://www.shop.com/brand/content/1.jhtml

1000个并发下，请求100000次