本文转载自博客园:https://www.cnblogs.com/soundcode/p/6478004.html
1. @Bean:
1.1 定义
从定义可以看出,@Bean只能用于注解方法和注解的定义。
@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.ANNOTATION_TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
1.2 spring文档中对 @Bean的说明
The @Bean
annotation is used to indicate that a method instantiates, configures and initializes a new object to be managed by the Spring IoC container.
For those familiar with Spring’s <beans/>
XML configuration the @Bean
annotation plays the same role as the <bean/>
element.
用@Bean注解的方法:会实例化、配置并初始化一个新的对象,这个对象会由spring IoC 容器管理。
实例:
@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
@Bean
public MyService myService() {
return new MyServiceImpl();
}
}
相当于在 XML 文件中配置
<beans>
<bean id="myService" class="com.acme.services.MyServiceImpl"/>
</beans>
1.3 生成对象的名字:默认情况下用@Bean注解的方法名作为对象的名字。但是可以用 name属性定义对象的名字,而且还可以使用name为对象起多个名字。
@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
@Bean(name = "myFoo")
public Foo foo() {
return new Foo();
}
}
@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
@Bean(name = { "dataSource", "subsystemA-dataSource", "subsystemB-dataSource" })
public DataSource dataSource() {
// instantiate, configure and return DataSource bean...
}
}
1.4 @Bean 一般和 @Component或者@Configuration 一起使用。
@Component和@Configuration不同之处
(1)This method of declaring inter-bean dependencies only works when the
@Bean
method is declared within a @Configuration
class. You cannot declare inter-bean dependencies using plain @Component
classes.
在 @Component 注解的类中不能定义 类内依赖的@Bean注解的方法。@Configuration可以。
@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
@Bean
public Foo foo() {
return new Foo(bar());
}
@Bean
public Bar bar() {
return new Bar();
}
}
2. @Configuration:
2.1 定义
从定义看,用于注解类、接口、枚举、注解的定义。
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
2.2 spring 文档说明
@Configuration
is a class-level annotation indicating that an object is a source of bean definitions. @Configuration
classes declare beans via public @Bean
annotated methods.
@Configuration
用于类,表明这个类是beans定义的源。