1,假设有文本数据txt内容如下:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
问题1: 现要在 最后一行最后一个数字 9 后面添加一个字符 ’]' ,得到如下内容
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9]
命令一:awk 'NR>1{print a}{a=$0}END{print gensub(/$/,"]",$0)}' txt
命令二:awk 'BEGIN{getline a}{print a;a=$0}END{$0=gensub(/$/,"]",1,$0);print} ' txt
命令三:awk '{if(!getline line){print gensub(/$/,"]",1,$0)}else{print line?$0 RS line:$0}}' txt
问题2:现要在最后一行最后一个数字 9 后面添加一个字符 ’ ]' ,得到如下内容
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9 ] 命令一:awk 'NR>1{print a}{a=$0}END{print gensub(/$/," ]",$0)}' txt
命令二:awk 'BEGIN{getline a}{print a;a=$0}END{$0=gensub(/$/," ]",1,$0);print} ' txt
命令三:awk '{if(!getline line){print gensub(/$/," ]",1,$0)}else{print line?$0 RS line:$0}}' txt
(和问题1的命令相比," ]"多加了个空格)
问题3:现要将最后一行最后一个数字 9 替换成字符 ’]' ,得到如下内容
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 ]命令一:awk 'NR>1{print a}{a=$0}END{print gensub(/.$/,"]",$0)}' txt
命令二:awk 'BEGIN{getline a}{print a;a=$0}END{$0=gensub(/.$/,"]",1,$0);print}' txt
命令三:awk '{if(!getline line){print gensub(/.$/,"]",1,$0)}else{print line?$0 RS line:$0}}' txt
(和问题1的命令相比,/.$/ 多了个点)
问题4:现要将最后一行最后一个数字 9 替换成字符 ’]' ,得到如下内容
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8]命令一:awk 'NR>1{print a}{a=$0}END{print gensub(/..$/,"]",$0)}' txt
命令二:awk 'BEGIN{getline a}{print a;a=$0}END{$0=gensub(/..$/,"]",1,$0);print}' txt
命令三:awk '{if(!getline line){print gensub(/..$/,"]",1,$0)}else{print line?$0 RS line:$0}}' txt
(和问题3的命令相比,/..$/ 又多了个点,可以看出多加一个点,就向前多移1位)