SEDA (Staged event-driven architecture)
论文在此: The Staged Event-Driven Architecture for Highly-Concurrent Server Applications
尚未阅读,从字面理解
- 有event, 则有event queue
- 有event, 则有event handler
- 有Staged,划分成不同阶段,将任务进行细分,每个细分的阶段使用不一样的线程池配置
租借线程
简而言之,概而括之,推而广之,系统中不是单个线程池来运行系统中的任务线程,而是多个线程池来handle不同类型的任务,比如数据库的连接,文件IO的读写,网络IO的读写,对象的序列化等等。
不管是单个线程池还是多个线程池,池的配置毫无疑问影响池的性能和效用。在前一篇文章中,我提到单线程吞吐量来估计系统的线程数目(suggestedNumberOfWorkerThread)。本篇文章会介绍另外一个小技巧,线程的租借。
运行任务
如果当前的线程池(m_jobExecutor)抛出RejectedExecutionExecution,则尝试从其他线程池(Processor)租借(lendAWorkerThread)
- private ThreadPoolExecutor m_jobExecutor;
- void tryToExecute(Job job)
- {
- try
- {
- m_jobExecutor.execute(job);
- } catch (RejectedExecutionException e)
- {
- // Iterate through all processors starting from random point
- List allProcessors = getAll();
- int startIndex = m_random.nextInt(allProcessors.size());
- int i = startIndex;
- do
- {
- Processor processor = allProcessors.get(i);
- i = (i + 1) % allProcessors.size();
- if (processor == this)
- {
- continue;
- }
- if (processor.lendAWorkerThread(job))
- {
- // We found a Good Samaritan
- log.info(getName() + " has lent a worker thread from the "
- + processor.getName());
- return;
- }
- } while (i != startIndex);
- // Nobody helped us, re-throw the exception
- throw e;
- }
- }
线程租借条件
如果最大线程池大小和预估使用线程数目(suggestedNumberOfWorkerThread)相差无几(10%),说明当下线程池也将会很繁忙,不能租借。
如果当前线程池中的已经90%的active (m_jobExecutor.getActiveCount()),说明当下线程池已经很繁忙,不能租借。
- boolean lendAWorkerThread(LocateJob job)
- {
- if (!isStartingOrStarted())
- {
- return false;
- }
- int maxPoolSize = m_jobExecutor.getMaximumPoolSize();
- if (maxPoolSize - getSuggestedNumberOfWorkerThreads() < (maxPoolSize / 10))
- {
- // We do not have capacity
- return false;
- }
- if ((maxPoolSize - m_jobExecutor.getActiveCount()) < (maxPoolSize / 10))
- {
- // We have capacity but we lent (or consumed) almost all of it
- return false;
- }
- try
- {
- m_jobExecutor.execute(job);
- } catch (Throwable e)
- {
- // We couldn't lent a worker thread
- return false;
- }
- return true;
- }
线程池什么时候会抛出RejectedExecutionException?
当线程池使用了有界队列和有界池,队列已经被填满,池中的线程也已经全部在运行。(参见javadoc reject task)
本文的ThreadPoolExecutor使用SynchronousQueue,只要线程池被耗尽,新增任务就会抛出RejectedExecutionException
- m_jobExecutor = new ThreadPoolExecutor(m_config.getThreadPoolMaxSize(),
- m_config.getThreadPoolMaxSize(), getPollingIntervalInMillis(),
- TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS, new SynchronousQueue(),
- new DaemonThreadFactory(getName()))
- {
- protected void beforeExecute(Thread t, Runnable r)
- {
- super.beforeExecute(t, r);
- try
- {
- (Job) r).setExecutionThread(t);
- } catch (Throwable e)
- {
- getLog().error(getName() + ": internal error: " + e);
- }
- }
- protected void afterExecute(Runnable r, Throwable t)
- {
- super.afterExecute(r, t);
- }
- };
- m_jobExecutor.prestartAllCoreThreads();
- m_jobExecutor.allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true);
线程池的动态调整
在下一篇文章,我将介绍一种超级大杀器: sliding windows statistical,根据过去线程的使用状况,来配置下一个windows窗口的线程池(run time suggestedNumberOfWorkerThread),从而形成弹性线程池(elastic thread pool),在系统访问高峰时期,自动增加线程池的数目;在peak回落时,自动减少线程池的数目。