1.配置IP
R1:
[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.1 24
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.0.1 32
[R1-LoopBack0]int l1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack1]q
[R1]dis ip int b
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 2
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 4
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 2
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 12.1.1.1/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 unassigned down down
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 unassigned down down
LoopBack0 172.16.0.1/32 up up(s)
LoopBack1 192.168.1.1/24 up up(s)
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
R2:
[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.1.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 172.16.1.21 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.0.2 32
[R2]dis ip int b
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 5
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 0
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 5
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 0
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 12.1.1.2/24 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 172.16.1.1/30 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 172.16.1.21/30 up up
LoopBack0 172.16.0.2/32 up up(s)
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
R3:
[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.1.5 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.0.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]int l1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.3.3 24
R4:
[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.6 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.1.9 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.0.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.4.4 24
R5:
[R5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.22 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.1.17 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.0.5 32
[R5-LoopBack0]int l1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.5.5 24
R6:
[R6]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.18 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.1.13 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.0.6 32
[R6-LoopBack0]int l1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.6.6 24
R7:
[R7]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.14 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.1.10 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 34.1.1.1 24
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.0.7 32
[R7-LoopBack0]int l1
[R7-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.7.7 24
[R7-LoopBack1]q
[R7]dis ip int b
*down: administratively down
^down: standby
(l): loopback
(s): spoofing
The number of interface that is UP in Physical is 6
The number of interface that is DOWN in Physical is 0
The number of interface that is UP in Protocol is 6
The number of interface that is DOWN in Protocol is 0
Interface IP Address/Mask Physical Protocol
GigabitEthernet0/0/0 172.16.1.14/30 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/1 172.16.1.10/30 up up
GigabitEthernet0/0/2 34.1.1.1/24 up up
LoopBack0 172.16.0.7/32 up up(s)
LoopBack1 172.16.7.7/24 up up(s)
NULL0 unassigned up up(s)
R8:
[Huawei]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 34.1.1.2 24
[Huawei]int l0
[Huawei-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.0.8 32
[Huawei-LoopBack0]int l1
[Huawei-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.2.8 24
2.进行区域划分,宣告网段
R2:
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]a 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R3:
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]a 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R4:
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]a 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R5:
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]a 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R6:
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]a 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R7:
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]a 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
查看路由学习到的路由信息:
[R7]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 30 Routes : 31
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
34.1.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 34.1.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
34.1.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
34.1.1.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/2
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
172.16.0.2/32 OSPF 10 3 D 172.16.1.9 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
OSPF 10 3 D 172.16.1.13 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.0.3/32 OSPF 10 2 D 172.16.1.9 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.0.4/32 OSPF 10 1 D 172.16.1.9 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.0.5/32 OSPF 10 2 D 172.16.1.13 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.0.6/32 OSPF 10 1 D 172.16.1.13 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.0.7/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
172.16.1.0/30 OSPF 10 3 D 172.16.1.9 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.1.4/30 OSPF 10 2 D 172.16.1.9 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.1.8/30 Direct 0 0 D 172.16.1.10 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.1.10/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.1.11/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.1.12/30 Direct 0 0 D 172.16.1.14 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.1.14/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.1.15/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.1.16/30 OSPF 10 2 D 172.16.1.13 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.1.20/30 OSPF 10 3 D 172.16.1.13 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.3.3/32 OSPF 10 2 D 172.16.1.9 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
---- More ----
[R3]dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 27 Routes : 29
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
172.16.0.2/32 OSPF 10 1 D 172.16.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.0.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
172.16.0.4/32 OSPF 10 1 D 172.16.1.6 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.0.5/32 OSPF 10 2 D 172.16.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.0.6/32 OSPF 10 3 D 172.16.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
OSPF 10 3 D 172.16.1.6 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.0.7/32 OSPF 10 2 D 172.16.1.6 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.1.0/30 Direct 0 0 D 172.16.1.2 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.1.2/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.1.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.1.4/30 Direct 0 0 D 172.16.1.5 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.1.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.1.7/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.1.8/30 OSPF 10 2 D 172.16.1.6 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.1.12/30 OSPF 10 3 D 172.16.1.6 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
172.16.1.16/30 OSPF 10 3 D 172.16.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.1.20/30 OSPF 10 2 D 172.16.1.1 GigabitEthernet
0/0/0
172.16.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 172.16.3.3 LoopBack1
172.16.3.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
172.16.3.255/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
172.16.4.4/32 OSPF 10 1 D 172.16.1.6 GigabitEthernet
0/0/1
---- More ----
3.配置bgp协议
R1:
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2
[R1-bgp]q
R2:
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]confederation id 2
[R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number
May 11 2024 14:31:21-08:00 R2 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
peer 12.1.1.1 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public, St
ateChangeReason=Up)
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 as-number 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 next-hop-local
R3:
[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]confederation id 2
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface l0
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface l0
R4:
[R4]bgp 64512
[R4-bgp]confederation id 2
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as 64512
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local
[R4-bgp]
May 11 2024 14:38:25-08:00 R4 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
peer 172.16.0.3 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public,
StateChangeReason=Up)
R5:
[R5]bgp 64513
[R5-bgp]confederation id 2
[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 next-hop-local
[R5-bgp]
May 11 2024 14:40:09-08:00 R5 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
peer 172.16.1.21 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public,
StateChangeReason=Up)
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local
R6:
[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]confederation id 2
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface l0
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface l0
R7:
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]confederation id 2
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local
[R7-bgp]peer 34.1.1.2 as 3
[R7-bgp]
May 11 2024 14:43:21-08:00 R7 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
peer 172.16.0.6 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public,
StateChangeReason=Up)
R8:
[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]peer 34.1.1.7 as 2
查看:
[R8-bgp]display bgp peer
BGP local router ID : 34.1.1.2
Local AS number : 3
Total number of peers : 1 Peers in established state : 0
Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre
fRcv
34.1.1.7 4 2 0 0 0 00:00:44 Connect
0
[R4]display bgp peer
BGP local router ID : 172.16.1.6
Local AS number : 64512
Total number of peers : 1 Peers in established state : 1
Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre
fRcv
172.16.0.3 4 64512 9 9 0 00:07:22 Established
0
[R6-bgp]display bgp peer
BGP local router ID : 172.16.1.18
Local AS number : 64513
Total number of peers : 2 Peers in established state : 2
Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre
fRcv
172.16.0.5 4 64513 6 6 0 00:04:02 Established
0
172.16.0.7 4 64513 4 6 0 00:02:47 Established
0
[R2]display bgp peer
BGP local router ID : 12.1.1.2
Local AS number : 64512
Total number of peers : 3 Peers in established state : 3
Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre
fRcv
12.1.1.1 4 1 17 17 0 00:15:11 Established
0
172.16.0.3 4 64512 11 12 0 00:09:28 Established
0
172.16.1.22 4 64513 8 9 0 00:06:23 Established
0
[R7-bgp]display bgp peer
BGP local router ID : 172.16.1.14
Local AS number : 64513
Total number of peers : 2 Peers in established state : 1
Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre
fRcv
34.1.1.8 4 3 0 0 0 00:03:29 Connect
0
172.16.0.6 4 64513 5 5 0 00:03:28 Established
0
4.通告一个网段,看其余路由是否能够学习
[R1-bgp]network 172.16.0.1 32
[R1-bgp]q
[R1]display bgp routing-table
BGP Local router ID is 12.1.1.1
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Total Number of Routes: 1
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
*> 172.16.0.1/32 0.0.0.0 0 0 i
[R1]
[R3]display bgp routing-table
BGP Local router ID is 172.16.1.2
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Total Number of Routes: 1
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
*>i 172.16.0.1/32 172.16.0.2 0 100 0 1i
[R4]display bgp routing-table
[R4]
[R6]display bgp routing-table
BGP Local router ID is 172.16.1.18
Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete
Total Number of Routes: 1
Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn
*>i 172.16.0.1/32 172.16.1.21 0 100 0 (64512) 1i
[R6]
[R7]display bgp routing-table
[R7]
5.此时,R4,R8,R7无法学习到宣告网段。建立IBGP全连接让他们也可以学习到宣告网段。
防止IBGP的水平分割。
[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 reflect-client
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 reflect-client
[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 reflect-client
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 reflect-client
6.查看是否通网
[R1]ping -a 172.16.0.1 172.16.0.7
PING 172.16.0.7: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=252 time=70 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=252 time=40 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=252 time=40 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=252 time=40 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=252 time=40 ms
7.防止环路问题
[R2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 16
[R7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]net 172.16.0.0 16
8.建立隧道,让R1可以与R8通信
[R1]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 24
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.8
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 10.1.1.2
[R8]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 24
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.8
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.1
May 11 2024 16:03:27-08:00 R8 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[R8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 10.1.1.1
测试
[R1]ping -a 172.16.0.1 172.16.0.8
PING 172.16.0.8: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=251 time=60 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=251 time=40 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=251 time=50 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=251 time=40 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=251 time=40 ms
--- 172.16.0.8 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 40/46/60 ms
[R1]ping -a 192.168.1.1 192.168.2.8
PING 192.168.2.8: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=70 ms
Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=50 ms
Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=40 ms