https://www.cnblogs.com/diegodu/p/8794857.html
map: 对于Stream中包含的元素使用给定的转换函数进行转换操作,新生成的Stream只包含转换生成的元素。这个方法有三个对于原始类型的变种方法,分别是:mapToInt,mapToLong和mapToDouble。这三个方法也比较好理解,比如mapToInt就是把原始Stream转换成一个新的Stream,这个新生成的Stream中的元素都是int类型。之所以会有这样三个变种方法,可以免除自动装箱/拆箱的额外消耗;
map方法示意图:
flatMap:和map类似,不同的是其每个元素转换得到的是Stream对象,会把子Stream中的元素压缩到父集合中;
flatMap方法示意图:
原文地址
http://www.java67.com/2016/03/how-to-use-flatmap-in-java-8-stream.html
一句话
把几个小的list转换到一个大的list。
一张图
flatMap操作
一段代码
package test;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
/**
* Java Program to demonstrate how to use the flatMap() function in Java 8.
* The flatMap() function is used to convert a Stream of list of values to
* just a Stream of values. This is also called flattening of stream.
*
* @author Javin Paul
*/
public class Test {
public static void main(String args[]) {
List<String> teamIndia = Arrays.asList("Virat", "Dhoni", "Jadeja");
List<String> teamAustralia = Arrays.asList("Warner", "Watson", "Smith");
List<String> teamEngland = Arrays.asList("Alex", "Bell", "Broad");
List<String> teamNewZeland = Arrays.asList("Kane", "Nathan", "Vettori");
List<String> teamSouthAfrica = Arrays.asList("AB", "Amla", "Faf");
List<String> teamWestIndies = Arrays.asList("Sammy", "Gayle", "Narine");
List<String> teamSriLanka = Arrays.asList("Mahela", "Sanga", "Dilshan");
List<String> teamPakistan = Arrays.asList("Misbah", "Afridi", "Shehzad");
List<List<String>> playersInWorldCup2016 = new ArrayList<>();
playersInWorldCup2016.add(teamIndia);
playersInWorldCup2016.add(teamAustralia);
playersInWorldCup2016.add(teamEngland);
playersInWorldCup2016.add(teamNewZeland);
playersInWorldCup2016.add(teamSouthAfrica);
playersInWorldCup2016.add(teamWestIndies);
playersInWorldCup2016.add(teamSriLanka);
playersInWorldCup2016.add(teamPakistan);
// Let's print all players before Java 8
List<String> listOfAllPlayers = new ArrayList<>();
for(List<String> team : playersInWorldCup2016){
for(String name : team){
listOfAllPlayers.add(name);
}
}
System.out.println("Players playing in world cup 2016");
System.out.println(listOfAllPlayers);
// Now let's do this in Java 8 using FlatMap
List<String> flatMapList = playersInWorldCup2016.stream()
.flatMap(pList -> pList.stream())
.collect(Collectors.toList());
System.out.println("List of all Players using Java 8");
System.out.println(flatMapList);
}
}
Output
run:
Players playing in world cup 2016
[Virat, Dhoni, Jadeja, Warner, Watson, Smith, Alex, Bell, Broad, Kane, Nathan, Vettori, AB, Amla, Faf, Sammy, Gayle, Narine, Mahela, Sanga, Dilshan, Misbah, Afridi, Shehzad]
List of all Players using Java 8
[Virat, Dhoni, Jadeja, Warner, Watson, Smith, Alex, Bell, Broad, Kane, Nathan, Vettori, AB, Amla, Faf, Sammy, Gayle, Narine, Mahela, Sanga, Dilshan, Misbah, Afridi, Shehzad]
BUILD SUCCESSFUL (total time: 0 seconds)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
flatMap的用法和含义住要通过一个案例来讲解,
案例:对给定单词列表 ["Hello","World"],你想返回列表["H","e","l","o","W","r","d"]
第一种方式
-
String[] words = new String[]{"Hello","World"};
-
List<String[]> a = Arrays.stream(words)
-
.map(word -> word.split(""))
-
.distinct()
-
.collect(toList());
-
a.forEach(System.out::print);
代码输出为:[Ljava.lang.String;@12edcd21[Ljava.lang.String;@34c45dca
(返回一个包含两个String[]的list)
这个实现方式是由问题的,传递给map方法的lambda为每个单词生成了一个String[](String列表)。因此,map返回的流实际上是Stream<String[]> 类型的。你真正想要的是用Stream<String>来表示一个字符串。
下方图是上方代码stream的运行流程
第二种方式:flatMap(对流扁平化处理)
-
String[] words = new String[]{"Hello","World"};
-
List<String> a = Arrays.stream(words)
-
.map(word -> word.split(""))
-
.flatMap(Arrays::stream)
-
.distinct()
-
.collect(toList());
-
a.forEach(System.out::print);
结果输出:HeloWrd
使用flatMap方法的效果是,各个数组并不是分别映射一个流,而是映射成流的内容,所有使用map(Array::stream)时生成的单个流被合并起来,即扁平化为一个流。
下图是运用flatMap的stream运行流程,