listview 加载图片错乱(错位)

1、采用线程池

2、内存缓存+文件缓存

3、内存缓存中网上很多是采用SoftReference来防止堆溢出，这儿严格限制只能使用最大JVM内存的1/4

4、对下载的图片进行按比例缩放，以减少内存的消耗

具体的代码里面说明。先放上内存缓存类的代码MemoryCache.java：

?public class MemoryCache {

?

        private static final String TAG = "MemoryCache";
        // 放入缓存时是个同步操作
        // LinkedHashMap构造方法的最后一个参数true代表这个map里的元素将按照最近使用次数由少到多排列，即LRU
        // 这样的好处是如果要将缓存中的元素替换，则先遍历出最近最少使用的元素来替换以提高效率
        private Map<String, Bitmap> cache = Collections
                        .synchronizedMap(new LinkedHashMap<String, Bitmap>(10, 1.5f, true));
        // 缓存中图片所占用的字节，初始0，将通过此变量严格控制缓存所占用的堆内存
        private long size = 0;// current allocated size
        // 缓存只能占用的最大堆内存
        private long limit = 1000000;// max memory in bytes

        public MemoryCache() {
                // use 25% of available heap size
                setLimit(Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 4);
        }

        public void setLimit(long new_limit) { 
                limit = new_limit;
                Log.i(TAG, "MemoryCache will use up to " + limit / 1024. / 1024. + "MB");
        }

        public Bitmap get(String id) {
                try {
                        if (!cache.containsKey(id))
                                return null;
                        return cache.get(id);
                } catch (NullPointerException ex) {
                        return null;
                }
        }

        public void put(String id, Bitmap bitmap) {
                try {
                        if (cache.containsKey(id))
                                size -= getSizeInBytes(cache.get(id));
                        cache.put(id, bitmap);
                        size += getSizeInBytes(bitmap);
                        checkSize();
                } catch (Throwable th) {
                        th.printStackTrace();
                }
        }

        /**
         * 严格控制堆内存，如果超过将首先替换最近最少使用的那个图片缓存
         * 
         */
        private void checkSize() {
                Log.i(TAG, "cache size=" + size + " length=" + cache.size());
                if (size > limit) {
                        // 先遍历最近最少使用的元素
                        Iterator<Entry<String, Bitmap>> iter = cache.entrySet().iterator();
                        while (iter.hasNext()) {
                                Entry<String, Bitmap> entry = iter.next();
                                size -= getSizeInBytes(entry.getValue());
                                iter.remove();
                                if (size <= limit)
                                        break;
                        }
                        Log.i(TAG, "Clean cache. New size " + cache.size());
                }
        }

        public void clear() {
                cache.clear();
        }

        /**
         * 图片占用的内存
         * 
         * @param bitmap
         * @return
         */
        long getSizeInBytes(Bitmap bitmap) {
                if (bitmap == null)
                        return 0;
                return bitmap.getRowBytes() * bitmap.getHeight();
        }
}

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?

也可以使用SoftReference，代码会简单很多，但是推荐上面的方法。

public class MemoryCache {
        
        private Map<String, SoftReference<Bitmap>> cache = Collections
                        .synchronizedMap(new HashMap<String, SoftReference<Bitmap>>());

        public Bitmap get(String id) {
                if (!cache.containsKey(id))
                        return null;
                SoftReference<Bitmap> ref = cache.get(id);
                return ref.get();
        }

        public void put(String id, Bitmap bitmap) {
                cache.put(id, new SoftReference<Bitmap>(bitmap));
        }

        public void clear() {
                cache.clear();
        }

}

?

?

?

下面是文件缓存类的代码FileCache.java

public class FileCache {

        private File cacheDir;

        public FileCache(Context context) {
                // 如果有SD卡则在SD卡中建一个LazyList的目录存放缓存的图片
                // 没有SD卡就放在系统的缓存目录中
                if (android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(
                                android.os.Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED))
                        cacheDir = new File(
                                        android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),
                                        "LazyList");
                else
                        cacheDir = context.getCacheDir();
                if (!cacheDir.exists())
                        cacheDir.mkdirs();
        }

        public File getFile(String url) {
                // 将url的hashCode作为缓存的文件名
                String filename = String.valueOf(url.hashCode());
                // Another possible solution
                // String filename = URLEncoder.encode(url);
                File f = new File(cacheDir, filename);
                return f;

        }

        public void clear() {
                File[] files = cacheDir.listFiles();
                if (files == null)
                        return;
                for (File f : files)
                        f.delete();
        }

}

?最后最重要的加载图片的类，ImageLoader.java

?

public class ImageLoader {

        MemoryCache memoryCache = new MemoryCache();
        FileCache fileCache;
        private Map<ImageView, String> imageViews = Collections
                        .synchronizedMap(new WeakHashMap<ImageView, String>());
        // 线程池
        ExecutorService executorService;

        public ImageLoader(Context context) {
                fileCache = new FileCache(context);
                executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5);
        }

        // 当进入listview时默认的图片，可换成你自己的默认图片
        final int stub_id = R.drawable.stub;

        // 最主要的方法
        public void DisplayImage(String url, ImageView imageView) {
                imageViews.put(imageView, url);
                // 先从内存缓存中查找

                Bitmap bitmap = memoryCache.get(url);
                if (bitmap != null)
                        imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                else {
                        // 若没有的话则开启新线程加载图片
                        queuePhoto(url, imageView);
                        imageView.setImageResource(stub_id);
                }
        }

        private void queuePhoto(String url, ImageView imageView) {
                PhotoToLoad p = new PhotoToLoad(url, imageView);
                executorService.submit(new PhotosLoader(p));
        }

        private Bitmap getBitmap(String url) {
                File f = fileCache.getFile(url);

                // 先从文件缓存中查找是否有
                Bitmap b = decodeFile(f);
                if (b != null)
                        return b;

                // 最后从指定的url中下载图片
                try {
                        Bitmap bitmap = null;
                        URL imageUrl = new URL(url);
                        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) imageUrl
                                        .openConnection();
                        conn.setConnectTimeout(30000);
                        conn.setReadTimeout(30000);
                        conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
                        InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
                        OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(f);
                        CopyStream(is, os);
                        os.close();
                        bitmap = decodeFile(f);
                        return bitmap;
                } catch (Exception ex) {
                        ex.printStackTrace();
                        return null;
                }
        }

        // decode这个图片并且按比例缩放以减少内存消耗，虚拟机对每张图片的缓存大小也是有限制的
        private Bitmap decodeFile(File f) {
                try {
                        // decode image size
                        BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options();
                        o.inJustDecodeBounds = true;
                        BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o);

                        // Find the correct scale value. It should be the power of 2.
                        final int REQUIRED_SIZE = 70;
                        int width_tmp = o.outWidth, height_tmp = o.outHeight;
                        int scale = 1;
                        while (true) {
                                if (width_tmp / 2 < REQUIRED_SIZE
                                                || height_tmp / 2 < REQUIRED_SIZE)
                                        break;
                                width_tmp /= 2;
                                height_tmp /= 2;
                                scale *= 2;
                        }

                        // decode with inSampleSize
                        BitmapFactory.Options o2 = new BitmapFactory.Options();
                        o2.inSampleSize = scale;
                        return BitmapFactory.decodeStream(new FileInputStream(f), null, o2);
                } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                }
                return null;
        }

        // Task for the queue
        private class PhotoToLoad {
                public String url;
                public ImageView imageView;

                public PhotoToLoad(String u, ImageView i) {
                        url = u;
                        imageView = i;
                }
        }

        class PhotosLoader implements Runnable {
                PhotoToLoad photoToLoad;

                PhotosLoader(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad) {
                        this.photoToLoad = photoToLoad;
                }

                @Override
                public void run() {
                        if (imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
                                return;
                        Bitmap bmp = getBitmap(photoToLoad.url);
                        memoryCache.put(photoToLoad.url, bmp);
                        if (imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
                                return;
                        BitmapDisplayer bd = new BitmapDisplayer(bmp, photoToLoad);
                        // 更新的操作放在UI线程中
                        Activity a = (Activity) photoToLoad.imageView.getContext();
                        a.runOnUiThread(bd);
                }
        }

        /**
         * 防止图片错位
         * 
         * @param photoToLoad
         * @return
         */
        boolean imageViewReused(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad) {
                String tag = imageViews.get(photoToLoad.imageView);
                if (tag == null || !tag.equals(photoToLoad.url))
                        return true;
                return false;
        }

        // 用于在UI线程中更新界面
        class BitmapDisplayer implements Runnable {
                Bitmap bitmap;
                PhotoToLoad photoToLoad;

                public BitmapDisplayer(Bitmap b, PhotoToLoad p) {
                        bitmap = b;
                        photoToLoad = p;
                }

                public void run() {
                        if (imageViewReused(photoToLoad))
                                return;
                        if (bitmap != null)
                                photoToLoad.imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
                        else
                                photoToLoad.imageView.setImageResource(stub_id);
                }
        }

        public void clearCache() {
                memoryCache.clear();
                fileCache.clear();
        }

        public static void CopyStream(InputStream is, OutputStream os) {
                final int buffer_size = 1024;
                try {
                        byte[] bytes = new byte[buffer_size];
                        for (;;) {
                                int count = is.read(bytes, 0, buffer_size);
                                if (count == -1)
                                        break;
                                os.write(bytes, 0, count);
                        }
                } catch (Exception ex) {
                }
        }
}

?写道

主要流程是先从内存缓存中查找，若没有再开线程，从文件缓存中查找都没有则从指定的url中查找，并对bitmap进行处理，最后通过下面方法对UI进行更新操作。

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a.runOnUiThread(...);

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在你的程序中的基本用法：

ImageLoader imageLoader=new ImageLoader(context);
...
imageLoader.DisplayImage(url, imageView);

比如你的放在你的ListView的adapter的getView()方法中，当然也适用于GridView。

adapter的代码：

?

?

class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{

    	private String urls[];
    	private Context context;
    	
		public int getCount() {
			return urls.length;
		}

		public void setData(String[] urls) {
			this.urls = urls;
		}

		public Object getItem(int position) {
			return urls[position];
		}

		public long getItemId(int position) {
			return position;
		}

		public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
			ViewHolder holder = null;
			if(convertView == null){
				holder = new ViewHolder();
				convertView = LayoutInflater.from(getApplicationContext()).inflate(R.layout.listview_item, null);
				holder.imageView = (ImageView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.imageview);
				convertView.setTag(holder);
			}else{
				holder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();
			}
			System.out.println("开始下载图片 --------------position--------==== " + position);
			//把imageLoader传进adapter里面来
			imageLoader.displayImage(urls[position], holder.imageView);
			
			return convertView;
		}
		
		class ViewHolder{
			ImageView imageView;
		}
    	
    }
    

?写道

最后注意一点：要加权限。网络，sdcard等权限。

转：http://www.rritw.com/a/JAVAbiancheng/JAVAzonghe/20120728/151860.html