linux 多线程 pthread_cond_wait(&cond,&mutex)理解

pthread_cond_wait()用于阻塞一个线程，知道有信号唤醒它。下面是一个简单的例子，我们可以从程序的运行来了解条件变量的作用

//pthread_cond_wait.c

#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;/*初始化互斥锁*/
pthread_cond_t cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;/*初始化条件变量*/

void *thread1(void *);
void *thread2(void *);

int i=1;
int main(void)
{
    pthread_t t_a;
    pthread_t t_b;

    pthread_create(&t_a,NULL,thread2,(void *)NULL);/*创建进程t_a*/
    pthread_create(&t_b,NULL,thread1,(void *)NULL); /*创建进程t_b*/
    pthread_join(t_b, NULL);/*等待进程t_b结束*/
    pthread_mutex_destroy(&mutex);
    pthread_cond_destroy(&cond);
    exit(0);
}

void *thread1(void *junk)
{
    for(i=1;i<=9;i++) 
    {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);/*锁住互斥量*/
        if(i%3==0)
             pthread_cond_signal(&cond);/*条件改变，发送信号，通知t_b进程*/
        else        
             printf("thead1:%d\n",i);
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);/*解锁互斥量*/

sleep(1);
}

}

void *thread2(void *junk)
{
    while(i<9)
    {
        pthread_mutex_lock(&mutex);

if(i%3!=0)
            pthread_cond_wait(&cond,&mutex);/*等待*/
        printf("thread2:%d\n",i);
        pthread_mutex_unlock(&mutex);

sleep(1);
}

}

程序创建了2个新线程使他们同步运行，实现进程t_b打印20以内3的倍数，t_a打印其他的数，程序开始线程t_b不满足条件等待，线程t_a运行使a循环加1并打印。直到i为3的倍数时，线程t_a发送信号通知进程t_b，这时t_b满足条件，打印i值。

gcc pthread_cond_wait.c -o pthread_wait -lpthread