在完成服务契约设计和服务实现后,我们可以设置该服务的运行期行为(Behavior)。这些行为包括 Service Behaviors、Endpoint Behaviors、Contract Behaviors、Operation Behaviors。
有关所有行为的说明,可以查看 ms-help://MS.MSSDK.1033/MS.NETFX30SDK.1033/WCF_con/html/5c5450ea-6af1-4b75-a267-613d0ac54707.htm。
以下就常用的行为使用,做些演示。
ServiceBehaviorAttribute & OperationBehaviorAttribute
这是两个最常用的行为控制特性,可用于控制:
- 服务对象生命周期。
- 并发管理。
- 异步通讯。
- 配置文件参数。
- 事务。
- 元数据转换。
- 会话(Session)周期。
- 等等...
[ServiceContract]
public interface ICalculate
{
[OperationContract]
int Add(int a, int b);
}
[ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode=InstanceContextMode.PerCall)]
public class CalculateService : ICalculate
{
public int Add(int a, int b)
{
Console.WriteLine(this.GetHashCode());
return a + b;
}
}
public class WcfTest
{
public static void Test()
{
AppDomain.CreateDomain("Server").DoCallBack(delegate
{
ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(CalculateService));
host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(ICalculate), new WSHttpBinding(), "http://localhost:8080/calc");
host.Open();
});
ChannelFactory<ICalculate> factory = new ChannelFactory<ICalculate>(new WSHttpBinding(),
"http://localhost:8080/calc");
ICalculate o = factory.CreateChannel();
Console.WriteLine(o.Add(1, 2));
Console.WriteLine(o.Add(1, 2));
factory.Close();
}
}
public interface ICalculate
{
[OperationContract]
int Add(int a, int b);
}
[ServiceBehavior(InstanceContextMode=InstanceContextMode.PerCall)]
public class CalculateService : ICalculate
{
public int Add(int a, int b)
{
Console.WriteLine(this.GetHashCode());
return a + b;
}
}
public class WcfTest
{
public static void Test()
{
AppDomain.CreateDomain("Server").DoCallBack(delegate
{
ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(CalculateService));
host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(ICalculate), new WSHttpBinding(), "http://localhost:8080/calc");
host.Open();
});
ChannelFactory<ICalculate> factory = new ChannelFactory<ICalculate>(new WSHttpBinding(),
"http://localhost:8080/calc");
ICalculate o = factory.CreateChannel();
Console.WriteLine(o.Add(1, 2));
Console.WriteLine(o.Add(1, 2));
factory.Close();
}
}
输出:
30136159
3
41153804
3
ServiceMetadataBehavior
用于开启元数据获取功能。只有使用该行为,客户端才能通过 Svcutil.exe 或其他工具获取服务信息,进而生成客户端代理文件。
ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(CalculateService));
host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(ICalculate), new BasicHttpBinding(), "http://localhost:8080/calc");
ServiceMetadataBehavior behavior = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();
behavior.HttpGetEnabled = true;
behavior.HttpGetUrl = new Uri("http://localhost:8080/calc");
host.Description.Behaviors.Add(behavior);
host.Open();
host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(ICalculate), new BasicHttpBinding(), "http://localhost:8080/calc");
ServiceMetadataBehavior behavior = new ServiceMetadataBehavior();
behavior.HttpGetEnabled = true;
behavior.HttpGetUrl = new Uri("http://localhost:8080/calc");
host.Description.Behaviors.Add(behavior);
host.Open();
ServiceDebugBehavior
开启调试功能,如将服务器端的异常信息直接传送给客户端。
ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(CalculateService));
host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(ICalculate), new WSHttpBinding(), "http://localhost:8080/calc");
host.Description.Behaviors.Find<ServiceDebugBehavior>().IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults = true;
host.Open();
host.AddServiceEndpoint(typeof(ICalculate), new WSHttpBinding(), "http://localhost:8080/calc");
host.Description.Behaviors.Find<ServiceDebugBehavior>().IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults = true;
host.Open();