基于OpenGL ES的GLfixed类型使用

OpenGL ES中引入了GLfixed类型。这个类型一般被定义为int，32位。高16位表示整数部分，低16位表示小数部分。由于其整数部分和小数部分所占用的比特数固定，所以也被称为定点类型——fixed type。

这个类型的小数部分一般占用低16位，而由于最高位被用作符号为，所以整数部分其实为15位。

 

下面举一个例子来看看对GLfixed的使用（蛮DT的⋯⋯）。这个例子的效果很简单，就是画两个箭头，左边为水平方向的红色箭头；右边为垂直方向的蓝色箭头。

 

// // ES1Renderer.m // OpenGLES_full_Test // // Created by Zenny Chen on 5/16/10. // Copyright GreenGames Studio 2010. All rights reserved. // #import "ES1Renderer.h" @implementation ES1Renderer // Create an ES 1.1 context - (id) init { if (self = [super init]) { context = [[EAGLContext alloc] initWithAPI:kEAGLRenderingAPIOpenGLES1]; if (!context || ![EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context]) { [self release]; return nil; } // Create default framebuffer object. The backing will be allocated for the current layer in -resizeFromLayer glGenFramebuffersOES(1, &defaultFramebuffer); glGenRenderbuffersOES(1, &colorRenderbuffer); glBindFramebufferOES(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_OES, defaultFramebuffer); glBindRenderbufferOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, colorRenderbuffer); glFramebufferRenderbufferOES(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_OES, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0_OES, GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, colorRenderbuffer); } return self; } static volatile int flag = 0; - (void) render { // Replace the implementation of this method to do your own custom drawing // This application only creates a single context which is already set current at this point. // This call is redundant, but needed if dealing with multiple contexts. [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context]; // This application only creates a single default framebuffer which is already bound at this point. // This call is redundant, but needed if dealing with multiple framebuffers. glBindFramebufferOES(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_OES, defaultFramebuffer); #if 0 static const struct { GLfloat vertices[3]; }line1Vertices[] = { {0.0f, -0.5f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f}, {-0.1f, 0.3f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f}, {0.1f, 0.3f, 0.0f} }, line2Vertices[] = { // for line {0.0f, -0.5f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f}, // for triangle {-0.1f, 0.5f, 0.0f}, {0.1f, 0.5f, 0.0f}, {0.0f, 0.6f, 0.0f} }; #else static const struct { GLfixed vertices[3]; }line1Vertices[] = { {0x0, -0x08000, 0x0}, {0x0, 0x08000, 0x0}, {-0x02000, 0x06000, 0x0}, {0x0, 0x08000, 0x0}, {0x02000, 0x06000, 0x0} }, line2Vertices[] = { // for line {0x0, -0x08000, 0x0}, {0x0, 0x08000, 0x0}, // for triangle {-0x02000, 0x08000, 0x0}, {0x02000, 0x08000, 0x0}, {0x0, 0x0a000, 0x0} }; #endif if(!flag) { if (1) { // Perform similar steps to create and attach a depth renderbuffer. glGenRenderbuffersOES(1, &depthRenderbuffer); glBindRenderbufferOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, depthRenderbuffer); glRenderbufferStorageOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, GL_DEPTH_COMPONENT16_OES, backingWidth, backingHeight); glFramebufferRenderbufferOES(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_OES, GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT_OES, GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, depthRenderbuffer); } flag = 1; // Initialize the OpenGL State glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE); glFrontFace(GL_CCW); glCullFace(GL_BACK); glEnableClientState(GL_VERTEX_ARRAY); //glEnableClientState(GL_COLOR_ARRAY); glViewport(0, 0, backingWidth, backingHeight); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); #if 0 GLfloat delta; if(backingWidth < backingHeight) { delta = (GLfloat)backingHeight / (GLfloat)backingWidth; glOrthof(-1.0f, 1.0f, -delta, delta, 1.0f, 5.0f); } else { delta = (GLfloat)backingWidth / (GLfloat)backingHeight; glOrthof(-delta, delta, -1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 5.0f); } glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); // For the first line glLoadIdentity(); glTranslatef(-0.3f, 0.0f, -1.0f); // First rotate around z axis glRotatef(-90.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); glPushMatrix(); // For the second line glLoadIdentity(); glTranslatef(0.7f, 0.0f, -1.0f); glClearColor(0.5f, 0.5f, 0.5f, 1.0f); #else // delta = 1.5 glOrthox(-0x10000, 0x10000, -0x18000, 0x18000, 0x10000, 0x50000); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); // For the first line glLoadIdentity(); glTranslatex(-0x06000, 0x0, -0x10000); // First rotate around z axis glRotatex(-0x5a0000, 0x0, 0x0, 0x10000); glPushMatrix(); // For the second line glLoadIdentity(); glTranslatex(0x0b000, 0x0, -0x10000); glClearColorx(0x08000, 0x08000, 0x08000, 0x10000); #endif } GLfixed bufferedMatrix[16]; // Drawing code here. glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); // Draw the second line glColor4x(0x0, 0x0, 0x10000, 0x10000); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FIXED, 0, line2Vertices); glDrawArrays(GL_LINES, 0, 2); glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 2, 3); // Save the matrix for the second line's transformation glGetFixedv(GL_MODELVIEW_MATRIX, bufferedMatrix); // Draw the first line glPopMatrix(); glColor4x(0x10000, 0x0, 0x0, 0x10000); glVertexPointer(3, GL_FIXED, 0, line1Vertices); glDrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, 5); // Save the matrix for the first line's transformation glPushMatrix(); // Restore the matrix for the second line's tranformation glLoadMatrixx(bufferedMatrix); // This application only creates a single color renderbuffer which is already bound at this point. // This call is redundant, but needed if dealing with multiple renderbuffers. glBindRenderbufferOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, colorRenderbuffer); [context presentRenderbuffer:GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES]; } - (BOOL) resizeFromLayer:(CAEAGLLayer *)layer { // Allocate color buffer backing based on the current layer size glBindRenderbufferOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, colorRenderbuffer); [context renderbufferStorage:GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES fromDrawable:layer]; glGetRenderbufferParameterivOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, GL_RENDERBUFFER_WIDTH_OES, &backingWidth); glGetRenderbufferParameterivOES(GL_RENDERBUFFER_OES, GL_RENDERBUFFER_HEIGHT_OES, &backingHeight); if (glCheckFramebufferStatusOES(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_OES) != GL_FRAMEBUFFER_COMPLETE_OES) { NSLog(@"Failed to make complete framebuffer object %x", glCheckFramebufferStatusOES(GL_FRAMEBUFFER_OES)); return NO; } return YES; } - (void) dealloc { // Tear down GL if (defaultFramebuffer) { glDeleteFramebuffersOES(1, &defaultFramebuffer); defaultFramebuffer = 0; } if (colorRenderbuffer) { glDeleteRenderbuffersOES(1, &colorRenderbuffer); colorRenderbuffer = 0; } // Tear down context if ([EAGLContext currentContext] == context) [EAGLContext setCurrentContext:nil]; [context release]; context = nil; [super dealloc]; } @end  

上述代码中，#if 0部分表示原来的浮点型的使用；#else部分则是用GLfixed修改后的代码，两者可以对比起来看，呵呵。

主要参考render方法，其它可以无视⋯⋯